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Exponential Time Algorithms
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Book Synopsis Exact Exponential Algorithms by : Fedor V. Fomin
Download or read book Exact Exponential Algorithms written by Fedor V. Fomin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-26 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a long time computer scientists have distinguished between fast and slow algo rithms. Fast (or good) algorithms are the algorithms that run in polynomial time, which means that the number of steps required for the algorithm to solve a problem is bounded by some polynomial in the length of the input. All other algorithms are slow (or bad). The running time of slow algorithms is usually exponential. This book is about bad algorithms. There are several reasons why we are interested in exponential time algorithms. Most of us believe that there are many natural problems which cannot be solved by polynomial time algorithms. The most famous and oldest family of hard problems is the family of NP complete problems. Most likely there are no polynomial time al gorithms solving these hard problems and in the worst case scenario the exponential running time is unavoidable. Every combinatorial problem is solvable in ?nite time by enumerating all possi ble solutions, i. e. by brute force search. But is brute force search always unavoid able? De?nitely not. Already in the nineteen sixties and seventies it was known that some NP complete problems can be solved signi?cantly faster than by brute force search. Three classic examples are the following algorithms for the TRAVELLING SALESMAN problem, MAXIMUM INDEPENDENT SET, and COLORING.
Book Synopsis Exponential Time Algorithms by : Serge Gaspers
Download or read book Exponential Time Algorithms written by Serge Gaspers and published by Serge Gaspers. This book was released on 2010-02 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book studies exponential time algorithms for NP-hard problems. In this modern area, the aim is to design algorithms for combinatorially hard problems that execute provably faster than a brute-force enumeration of all candidate solutions. After an introduction and survey of the field, the text focuses first on the design and especially the analysis of branching algorithms. The analysis of these algorithms heavily relies on measures of the instances, which aim at capturing the structure of the instances, not merely their size. This makes them more appropriate to quantify the progress an algorithm makes in the process of solving a problem. Expanding the methodology to design exponential time algorithms, new techniques are then presented. Two of them combine treewidth based algorithms with branching or enumeration algorithms. Another one is the iterative compression technique, prominent in the design of parameterized algorithms, and adapted here to the design of exponential time algorithms. This book assumes basic knowledge of algorithms and should serve anyone interested in exactly solving hard problems.
Author :Henk C.A. van Tilborg Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1441959068 Total Pages :1457 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (419 download)
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security by : Henk C.A. van Tilborg
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security written by Henk C.A. van Tilborg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 1457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanded into two volumes, the Second Edition of Springer’s Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security brings the latest and most comprehensive coverage of the topic: Definitive information on cryptography and information security from highly regarded researchers Effective tool for professionals in many fields and researchers of all levels Extensive resource with more than 700 contributions in Second Edition 5643 references, more than twice the number of references that appear in the First Edition With over 300 new entries, appearing in an A-Z format, the Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security provides easy, intuitive access to information on all aspects of cryptography and security. As a critical enhancement to the First Edition’s base of 464 entries, the information in the Encyclopedia is relevant for researchers and professionals alike. Topics for this comprehensive reference were elected, written, and peer-reviewed by a pool of distinguished researchers in the field. The Second Edition’s editorial board now includes 34 scholars, which was expanded from 18 members in the First Edition. Representing the work of researchers from over 30 countries, the Encyclopedia is broad in scope, covering everything from authentication and identification to quantum cryptography and web security. The text’s practical style is instructional, yet fosters investigation. Each area presents concepts, designs, and specific implementations. The highly-structured essays in this work include synonyms, a definition and discussion of the topic, bibliographies, and links to related literature. Extensive cross-references to other entries within the Encyclopedia support efficient, user-friendly searches for immediate access to relevant information. Key concepts presented in the Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security include: Authentication and identification; Block ciphers and stream ciphers; Computational issues; Copy protection; Cryptanalysis and security; Cryptographic protocols; Electronic payment and digital certificates; Elliptic curve cryptography; Factorization algorithms and primality tests; Hash functions and MACs; Historical systems; Identity-based cryptography; Implementation aspects for smart cards and standards; Key management; Multiparty computations like voting schemes; Public key cryptography; Quantum cryptography; Secret sharing schemes; Sequences; Web Security. Topics covered: Data Structures, Cryptography and Information Theory; Data Encryption; Coding and Information Theory; Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering; Applications of Mathematics; Complexity. This authoritative reference will be published in two formats: print and online. The online edition features hyperlinks to cross-references, in addition to significant research.
Book Synopsis Computer Science by : National Research Council
Download or read book Computer Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-10-06 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer Science: Reflections on the Field, Reflections from the Field provides a concise characterization of key ideas that lie at the core of computer science (CS) research. The book offers a description of CS research recognizing the richness and diversity of the field. It brings together two dozen essays on diverse aspects of CS research, their motivation and results. By describing in accessible form computer science's intellectual character, and by conveying a sense of its vibrancy through a set of examples, the book aims to prepare readers for what the future might hold and help to inspire CS researchers in its creation.
Book Synopsis Parameterized Algorithms by : Marek Cygan
Download or read book Parameterized Algorithms written by Marek Cygan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive textbook presents a clean and coherent account of most fundamental tools and techniques in Parameterized Algorithms and is a self-contained guide to the area. The book covers many of the recent developments of the field, including application of important separators, branching based on linear programming, Cut & Count to obtain faster algorithms on tree decompositions, algorithms based on representative families of matroids, and use of the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis. A number of older results are revisited and explained in a modern and didactic way. The book provides a toolbox of algorithmic techniques. Part I is an overview of basic techniques, each chapter discussing a certain algorithmic paradigm. The material covered in this part can be used for an introductory course on fixed-parameter tractability. Part II discusses more advanced and specialized algorithmic ideas, bringing the reader to the cutting edge of current research. Part III presents complexity results and lower bounds, giving negative evidence by way of W[1]-hardness, the Exponential Time Hypothesis, and kernelization lower bounds. All the results and concepts are introduced at a level accessible to graduate students and advanced undergraduate students. Every chapter is accompanied by exercises, many with hints, while the bibliographic notes point to original publications and related work.
Book Synopsis Computational Complexity by : Sanjeev Arora
Download or read book Computational Complexity written by Sanjeev Arora and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-20 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New and classical results in computational complexity, including interactive proofs, PCP, derandomization, and quantum computation. Ideal for graduate students.
Book Synopsis Algorithms and Complexity by : Herbert S. Wilf
Download or read book Algorithms and Complexity written by Herbert S. Wilf and published by A K PETERS. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introductory textbook on the design and analysis of algorithms. The author uses a careful selection of a few topics to illustrate the tools for algorithm analysis. Recursive algorithms are illustrated by Quicksort, FFT, fast matrix multiplications, and others. Algorithms associated with the network flow problem are fundamental in many areas of graph connectivity, matching theory, etc. Algorithms in number theory are discussed with some applications to public key encryption. This second edition will differ from the present edition mainly in that solutions to most of the exercises will be included.
Book Synopsis Algorithms For Dummies by : John Paul Mueller
Download or read book Algorithms For Dummies written by John Paul Mueller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover how algorithms shape and impact our digital world All data, big or small, starts with algorithms. Algorithms are mathematical equations that determine what we see—based on our likes, dislikes, queries, views, interests, relationships, and more—online. They are, in a sense, the electronic gatekeepers to our digital, as well as our physical, world. This book demystifies the subject of algorithms so you can understand how important they are business and scientific decision making. Algorithms for Dummies is a clear and concise primer for everyday people who are interested in algorithms and how they impact our digital lives. Based on the fact that we already live in a world where algorithms are behind most of the technology we use, this book offers eye-opening information on the pervasiveness and importance of this mathematical science—how it plays out in our everyday digestion of news and entertainment, as well as in its influence on our social interactions and consumerism. Readers even learn how to program an algorithm using Python! Become well-versed in the major areas comprising algorithms Examine the incredible history behind algorithms Get familiar with real-world applications of problem-solving procedures Experience hands-on development of an algorithm from start to finish with Python If you have a nagging curiosity about why an ad for that hammock you checked out on Amazon is appearing on your Facebook page, you'll find Algorithm for Dummies to be an enlightening introduction to this integral realm of math, science, and business.
Download or read book Algorithms written by Sanjoy Dasgupta and published by McGraw-Hill Higher Education. This book was released on 2006 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text, extensively class-tested over a decade at UC Berkeley and UC San Diego, explains the fundamentals of algorithms in a story line that makes the material enjoyable and easy to digest. Emphasis is placed on understanding the crisp mathematical idea behind each algorithm, in a manner that is intuitive and rigorous without being unduly formal. Features include:The use of boxes to strengthen the narrative: pieces that provide historical context, descriptions of how the algorithms are used in practice, and excursions for the mathematically sophisticated. Carefully chosen advanced topics that can be skipped in a standard one-semester course but can be covered in an advanced algorithms course or in a more leisurely two-semester sequence.An accessible treatment of linear programming introduces students to one of the greatest achievements in algorithms. An optional chapter on the quantum algorithm for factoring provides a unique peephole into this exciting topic. In addition to the text DasGupta also offers a Solutions Manual which is available on the Online Learning Center."Algorithms is an outstanding undergraduate text equally informed by the historical roots and contemporary applications of its subject. Like a captivating novel it is a joy to read." Tim Roughgarden Stanford University
Book Synopsis Logic and Theory of Algorithms by : Arnold Beckmann
Download or read book Logic and Theory of Algorithms written by Arnold Beckmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-03 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2008, held in Athens, Greece, in June 2008. The 36 revised full papers presented together with 25 invited tutorials and lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 108 submissions. Among them are papers of 6 special sessions entitled algorithms in the history of mathematics, formalising mathematics and extracting algorithms from proofs, higher-type recursion and applications, algorithmic game theory, quantum algorithms and complexity, and biology and computation.
Book Synopsis Algorithms from THE BOOK by : Kenneth Lange
Download or read book Algorithms from THE BOOK written by Kenneth Lange and published by SIAM. This book was released on 2020-05-04 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algorithms are a dominant force in modern culture, and every indication is that they will become more pervasive, not less. The best algorithms are undergirded by beautiful mathematics. This text cuts across discipline boundaries to highlight some of the most famous and successful algorithms. Readers are exposed to the principles behind these examples and guided in assembling complex algorithms from simpler building blocks. Written in clear, instructive language within the constraints of mathematical rigor, Algorithms from THE BOOK includes a large number of classroom-tested exercises at the end of each chapter. The appendices cover background material often omitted from undergraduate courses. Most of the algorithm descriptions are accompanied by Julia code, an ideal language for scientific computing. This code is immediately available for experimentation. Algorithms from THE BOOK is aimed at first-year graduate and advanced undergraduate students. It will also serve as a convenient reference for professionals throughout the mathematical sciences, physical sciences, engineering, and the quantitative sectors of the biological and social sciences.
Book Synopsis Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science by : Juraj Hromkovič
Download or read book Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science written by Juraj Hromkovič and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-01-25 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During its 30-year existence, the International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science has become a distinguished and high-quality computer science event. The workshop aims at uniting theory and practice by demonstrating how graph-theoretic concepts can successfully be applied to v- ious areas of computer science and by exposing new theories emerging from applications. In this way, WG provides a common ground for the exchange of information among people dealing with several graph problems and working in various disciplines. Thereby, the workshop contributes to forming an interdis- plinary research community. The original idea of the Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in C- puter Science was ingenuity in all theoretical aspects and applications of graph concepts, wherever applied. Within the last ten years, the development has strengthened in particular the topic of structural graph properties in relation to computational complexity. This workshop has become pivotal for the c- munity interested in these areas.An aimspeci?c to the 30thWG was to support the central role of WG in both of the prementioned areas on the one hand and on the other hand to promote its originally broader scope. The 30th WG was held at the Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, which serves as the main meeting point of the German Physical Society. It o?ers a secluded setting for research conferences, seminars, and workshops, and has proved to be especiallystimulatingforfruitful discussions.Talksweregiveninthenewlecture hall with a modern double rear projection, interactive electronic board, and full video conferencing equipment.
Book Synopsis Computational Complexity and Feasibility of Data Processing and Interval Computations by : V. Kreinovich
Download or read book Computational Complexity and Feasibility of Data Processing and Interval Computations written by V. Kreinovich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Targeted audience • Specialists in numerical computations, especially in numerical optimiza tion, who are interested in designing algorithms with automatie result ver ification, and who would therefore be interested in knowing how general their algorithms caIi in principle be. • Mathematicians and computer scientists who are interested in the theory 0/ computing and computational complexity, especially computational com plexity of numerical computations. • Students in applied mathematics and computer science who are interested in computational complexity of different numerical methods and in learning general techniques for estimating this computational complexity. The book is written with all explanations and definitions added, so that it can be used as a graduate level textbook. What this book .is about Data processing. In many real-life situations, we are interested in the value of a physical quantity y that is diflicult (or even impossible) to measure directly. For example, it is impossible to directly measure the amount of oil in an oil field or a distance to a star. Since we cannot measure such quantities directly, we measure them indirectly, by measuring some other quantities Xi and using the known relation between y and Xi'S to reconstruct y. The algorithm that transforms the results Xi of measuring Xi into an estimate fj for y is called data processing.
Book Synopsis How to Think About Algorithms by : Jeff Edmonds
Download or read book How to Think About Algorithms written by Jeff Edmonds and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-19 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook, for second- or third-year students of computer science, presents insights, notations, and analogies to help them describe and think about algorithms like an expert, without grinding through lots of formal proof. Solutions to many problems are provided to let students check their progress, while class-tested PowerPoint slides are on the web for anyone running the course. By looking at both the big picture and easy step-by-step methods for developing algorithms, the author guides students around the common pitfalls. He stresses paradigms such as loop invariants and recursion to unify a huge range of algorithms into a few meta-algorithms. The book fosters a deeper understanding of how and why each algorithm works. These insights are presented in a careful and clear way, helping students to think abstractly and preparing them for creating their own innovative ways to solve problems.
Book Synopsis Algorithms to Live By by : Brian Christian
Download or read book Algorithms to Live By written by Brian Christian and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Algorithms to Live By' looks at the simple, precise algorithms that computers use to solve the complex 'human' problems that we face, and discovers what they can tell us about the nature and origin of the mind.
Book Synopsis Interior-point Polynomial Algorithms in Convex Programming by : Yurii Nesterov
Download or read book Interior-point Polynomial Algorithms in Convex Programming written by Yurii Nesterov and published by SIAM. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specialists working in the areas of optimization, mathematical programming, or control theory will find this book invaluable for studying interior-point methods for linear and quadratic programming, polynomial-time methods for nonlinear convex programming, and efficient computational methods for control problems and variational inequalities. A background in linear algebra and mathematical programming is necessary to understand the book. The detailed proofs and lack of "numerical examples" might suggest that the book is of limited value to the reader interested in the practical aspects of convex optimization, but nothing could be further from the truth. An entire chapter is devoted to potential reduction methods precisely because of their great efficiency in practice.
Download or read book Bad Choices written by Ali Almossawi and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2017-04-04 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A relatable, interactive, and funny exploration of algorithms, those essential building blocks of computer science—and of everyday life—from the author of the wildly popular Bad Arguments Algorithms—processes that are made up of unambiguous steps and do something useful—make up the very foundations of computer science. But they also inform our choices in approaching everyday tasks, from managing a pile of clothes fresh out of the dryer to deciding what music to listen to. With Bad Choices, Ali Almossawi presents twelve scenes from everyday life that help demonstrate and demystify the fundamental algorithms that drive computer science, bringing these seemingly elusive concepts into the understandable realms of the everyday. Readers will discover how: • Matching socks can teach you about search and hash tables • Planning trips to the store can demonstrate the value of stacks • Deciding what music to listen to shows why link analysis is all-important • Crafting a succinct Tweet draws on ideas from compression • Making your way through a grocery list helps explain priority queues and traversing graphs • And more As you better understand algorithms, you’ll also discover what makes a method faster and more efficient, helping you become a more nimble, creative problem-solver, ready to face new challenges. Bad Choices will open the world of algorithms to all readers, making this a perennial go-to for fans of quirky, accessible science books.
