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Exploring The Metabolic Effects Of Dietary Linoleic Acid Supplementation
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Book Synopsis Exploring the Metabolic Effects of Dietary Linoleic Acid Supplementation by : Rachel M. Cole
Download or read book Exploring the Metabolic Effects of Dietary Linoleic Acid Supplementation written by Rachel M. Cole and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Higher intake of the essential fatty acid, linoleic acid (LA), is associated with a decreased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Supplementation with LA-rich oil can decrease markers of inflammation, improve markers of glycemia and alter body composition. However, it may be difficult to achieve the Adequate Intake (AI) for LA since the LA content of vegetable oils is decreasing and being replaced with oleic acid (OA). One of the metabolic fates of LA is the enzymatic metabolism to oxylipins. A premise of my dissertation is that oxylipins derived from LA may play a beneficial role in the metabolic effects of dietary LA consumption. Additionally, LA is the predominant fatty acid in the phospholipid, cardiolipin, which is important for mitochondria function; the effects of altering LA intake on cardiolipin fatty acid composition in humans warrants investigation. The goal of this research is to explore the impact of increasing LA intake on LA accumulation in the blood, LA-derived metabolites and cardiometabolic markers. The overall hypothesis is daily consumption of ~2 teaspoons of an LA-rich oil will alter fatty acids, LA-oxylipins, cardiolipin species, and adipokines in the blood of adults. The first objective of this research was to assess the effects of LA-rich oil supplementation on adipokines and LA-oxylipins in women with MetS. Sixteen postmenopausal women with MetS consumed 10ml of LA-rich oils, containing 6.9g of LA, each day for 16 weeks in a single arm open-label study. Supplementation with the LA-rich oils increased total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels in the plasma as well as 9 LA-oxylipins. Although LA supplementation did not alter body composition, cholesterol levels, blood pressure or markers of inflammation and glycemia at week 16, a larger randomized double-masked placebo-controlled study is needed to further determine the effect of LA supplementation on cardiometabolic markers in adults with MetS. The second objective of this research was to assess if daily consumption of cookies made with an LA-rich oil (LA-cookie) could alter LA levels in the blood and cardiolipin in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) in healthy adults. In a double-masked placebo-controlled trial 84 men and women were randomly assigned to consume one LA-cookie per day or one cookie made with OA-rich oil (OA-cookie) per day for two weeks. The LA-cookie increased LA in plasma, erythrocytes and PBMC after 2 weeks of daily consumption. Additionally, the LA-cookie increased the proportion of tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin (4 LA fatty acids side chains; LA4 CL). These results suggest that increasing LA in the diet could affect composition of the inner mitochondrial membrane by altering cardiolipin species. Future studies evaluating if daily consumption of the LA-cookie affect mitochondria function and whether the changes of cardiolipin lead to improved energy metabolism in people are needed.
Book Synopsis Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research by : Jean-Louis Sebedio
Download or read book Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research written by Jean-Louis Sebedio and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-03-05 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research, Volume 2 is the second book in a series devoted entirely to conjugated linoleic acid. This book has updated information on the analysis, biochemistry and applications of conjugated fatty acids in an attempt to make Volume 2, in conjunction with Volume 1 (published in 1999), the most comprehensive, up-to-date sources of CLA-related information available today. Both scientific and commercial views are presented, with the same data sometimes interpreted differently.
Book Synopsis Diet and Health by : National Research Council
Download or read book Diet and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Book Synopsis Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism by : Graham C. Burdge
Download or read book Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism written by Graham C. Burdge and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism explores a number of major roles of PUFA in the body, including its role as a component of cell membranes and how it provides substrates for the synthesis of lipid second messengers. Recent studies are unraveling the effect of interactions between diet and endocrine factors and genetic and epigenetic variation on the regulation of PUFA biosynthesis in animals. Together, these recent findings provide novel insights into the impact of differences in PUFA supply on health. This book captures these findings in a manner that marks the state-of-the-art, placing them in the wider context of PUFA metabolism and nutritional science. Users will find a comprehensive discussion on the topic that presents the contributions of leading researchers who combine their knowledge to create a cohesive academic resource for researchers, those involved in production, and health policymakers. Provides a comprehensive view of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism Describes underlying metabolism on lipids that include polyunsaturated fatty acids Includes discussions on recent findings on the genetic and epigenetic regulation of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism
Book Synopsis Effects of Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation on Bovine Oocyte Lipid Metabolism, Lipid Composition and Embryo Cryotolerance by : Cody L. Bailey
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation on Bovine Oocyte Lipid Metabolism, Lipid Composition and Embryo Cryotolerance written by Cody L. Bailey and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Dietary Linoleic Acid on Conversion of Omega-3 Fatty Acids to Long Chain Fatty Acids by : Elizabeth Flaherty
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Linoleic Acid on Conversion of Omega-3 Fatty Acids to Long Chain Fatty Acids written by Elizabeth Flaherty and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the modern diet that is high in total fats, high in omega-6 fatty acids (FA), and low in omega-3 FA, there is a high prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Certain dietary acids are beneficial, while others may contribute to these disease processes. Eggs are an important part of the human diet as they are protein and nutrient dense and are a good source of vitamins and minerals. It is possible to manipulate the nutrients and composition of FA in the eggs by modifying the balance of the hens diets. This makes them a good target for experiments with fatty acids (FA). A diet high in omega-3 (n-3) FA has many beneficial effects including plasma lipid reduction, reduction in some types of cancer mortality, anti-inflammatory effects, antiarrhythmic effects, antithrombotic effects, antiatheromatous effects, and less severe manifestations of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases. Due to the benefits of n-3 FA, it is important to understand the effects of oleic acid and linoleic acid (LA; C18:2n-6) on the deposition of n-3 FA in egg yolks. The goals of the experiment are to determine the effect of these FA on deposition of ALA and VLC n-3 FA in yolks. It is hypothesized that LA will have a negative impact on the deposition of ALA in yolks as they compete for elongase and desaturase enzymes. Additionally, it is expected that oleic acid will also have a negative effect on n-3 deposition in yolks.Fifty hens were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments that included a control, two levels of high oleic safflower oil (HOSO; 2% and 4%), and two levels of high linoleic safflower oil (HLSO; 2% or 4%). All diets contained 4% flaxseed oil (FLAX) to provide -linolenic acid (ALA; C18:3n-3) as a substrate for synthesis of the very long chain omega-3(VLC n-3) FA. Egg samples were collected on day 0 and day 28 of the experiment and were analyzed for yolk weights and FA composition. Samples of adipose and liver tissue were collected on day 28 for FA analysis.Increasing dietary oleic acid (18:1n-9), provided by HOSO, had a positive effect on deposition of oleic acid in the yolk. Increased dietary linoleic acid (LA; C18:3n-6), provided by HLSO, had a negative effect on oleic acid deposition. HOSO and HLSO also negatively affected the deposition of ALA and VLC n-3 FA in yolks. This supports previous experiments that showed dietary n-6 FA had a negative effect on deposition of n-3 FA in yolks as a result of competition for the elongase and desaturase enzymes. The diet that is most conducive to developing a high n-3 fatty acid egg is a diet with a high level of ALA and a low level of oleic and linoleic acid.
Book Synopsis Fat Detection by : Jean-Pierre Montmayeur
Download or read book Fat Detection written by Jean-Pierre Montmayeur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se
Book Synopsis Vegetarian and Plant-Based Diets in Health and Disease Prevention by : François Mariotti
Download or read book Vegetarian and Plant-Based Diets in Health and Disease Prevention written by François Mariotti and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vegetarian and Plant-Based Diets in Health and Disease Prevention examines the science of vegetarian and plant-based diets and their nutritional impact on human health. This book assembles the science related to vegetarian and plant-based diets in a comprehensive, balanced, single reference that discusses both the overall benefits of plant-based diets on health and the risk of disease and issues concerning the status in certain nutrients of the individuals, while providing overall consideration to the entire spectrum of vegetarian diets. Broken into five sections, the first provides a general overview of vegetarian / plant-based diets so that readers have a foundational understanding of the topic. Dietary choices and their relation with nutritional transition and sustainability issues are discussed. The second and third sections provide a comprehensive description of the relationship between plant-based diets and health and disease prevention. The fourth section provides a deeper look into how the relationship between plant-based diets and health and disease prevention may differ in populations with different age or physiological status. The fifth and final section of the book details the nutrients and substances whose intakes are related to the proportions of plant or animal products in the diet. Discusses the links between health and certain important characteristics of plant-based diets at the level of food groups Analyzes the relation between plant-based diet and health at the different nutritional levels, i.e. from dietary patterns to specific nutrients and substances Provides a balanced evidence-based approach to analyze the positive and negative aspects of vegetarianism Addresses the different aspects of diets predominantly based on plants, including geographical and cultural variations of vegetarianism
Book Synopsis Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
Book Synopsis Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Abdominal Obesity by : Ronald Ross Watson
Download or read book Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Abdominal Obesity written by Ronald Ross Watson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Abdominal Obesity focuses on the important roles that exercise, dietary changes, and foods play in promoting as well as reducing visceral fat. Nutritionists, dieticians, and healthcare providers seeking to address the abdominal obesity epidemic will use this comprehensive resource as a tool in their long-term goal of preventing chronic diseases, especially heart, vascular, and diabetic diseases. Experts from a broad range of disciplines are involved in dealing with the consequences of excessive abdominal fat: cardiology, diabetes research, studies of lipids, endocrinology and metabolism, nutrition, obesity, and exercise physiology. They have contributed chapters that define a range of dietary approaches to reducing risk and associated chronic diseases. They begin by defining visceral obesity and its major outcomes; they also discuss the importance and the challenges of dietary approaches to reduce abdominal obesity, as compared to clinical approaches, with major costs and risks. Offers detailed, well-documented reviews outlining the various dietary approaches to visceral obesity with their benefits and failures Includes chapters on types of foods, exercise, and supplements in reducing obesity and its chronic clinical companions, especially diabetes and cardiovascular disease Helps nutritionists, dieticians, and healthcare providers approach patients in making decision about nutritional therapies and clinical treatments for abdominal obesity, from an evidence-based perspective
Book Synopsis Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health by : Ronald Ross Watson
Download or read book Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health written by Ronald Ross Watson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research has clearly established a link between omega fatty acids and general health, particularly cardiovascular health. Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health, Second Edition, illustrates the importance of omega-3 fatty acids in longevity, cognitive impairment and structure and function of the brain's neurons and also the adverse effects of omega-6 fatty acids on neurological function. This book encompasses some of the most recent research on the links between omega fatty acids and the developing brain, aging, dementia, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, including the role of omega-3 fatty acid supplements on hippocampal neurogenesis, substantia nigra modulation, migraine headaches, the developing brain in animals, sleep and neurodegenerative diseases. This completely updated second edition focuses on the counterbalancing dietary and tissue omega-6 fatty acids as well as it studies the effects in pregnancy and early infancy, animal model studies and autoimmune neurological diseases. Provides a comprehensive introduction to omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in neurological health and directions for future research Features novel focus on the adverse effects of omega-6 fatty acids on neurological function and the counterbalancing of dietary and tissue omega-6 Illustrates the importance of omega-3 fatty acids in longevity and cognitive impairment Features new chapters on early effects in pregnancy and early infancy, animal model studies and autoimmune neurological diseases Discusses links between omega fatty acids and the developing brain, aging, dementia, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, including the role of omega-3 fatty acid supplements
Book Synopsis Handbook of Lipids in Human Function by : Ronald Ross Watson
Download or read book Handbook of Lipids in Human Function written by Ronald Ross Watson and published by Academic Press and AOCS Press. This book was released on 2015-12-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Lipids in Human Function: Fatty Acids presents current research relating to health issues whose impact may be modified by adopting personalized diets and lifestyle interventions of the consumption of fatty acids. Addressing cardiovascular and neurological diseases as well as cancer, obesity, inflammatory conditions, and lung disease, the authors correlate lipid sources with specific conditions, providing important insights into preventative as well as response-based actions designed to positively impact health outcomes. The material is presented in 29 chapters and brings together the research and work of an international team of experts. designed to bridge the gap between traditional approaches to dietary interventions and leading edge integrated health strategies, Handbook of Lipids in Human Function: Fatty Acids is a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians.
Book Synopsis Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders by : G. Ali Qureshi
Download or read book Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders written by G. Ali Qureshi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance in pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis that leads to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. Brain cells are continuously exposed to reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative metabolism, and in certain pathological conditions defense mechanisms against oxygen radicals may be weakened and/or overwhelmed. DNA is a potential target for oxidative damage, and genomic damage can contribute to neuropathogenesis. It is important therefore to identify tools for the quantitative analysis of DNA damage in models on neurological disorders. This book presents detailed information on various neurodegenerative disorders and their connection with oxidative stress. This information will provide clinicians with directions to treat these disorders with appropriate therapy and is also of vital importance for the drug industries for the design of new drugs for treatment of degenerative disorders. * Contains the latest information on the subject of neurodegenerative disorders* Reflects on various factors involved in degeneration and gives suggestions for how to tackle these problems
Book Synopsis Lipid Mediators by : Fiona M. Cunningham
Download or read book Lipid Mediators written by Fiona M. Cunningham and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an overview of lipid mediators from synthesis to inhibition. It addresses the immune system and its diseases from a pharmacological viewpoint and combines clinical aspects with basic science.
Author :Martin P. Yurawecz Publisher :The American Oil Chemists Society ISBN 13 :9781893997875 Total Pages :284 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (978 download)
Book Synopsis Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research, Volume 3 by : Martin P. Yurawecz
Download or read book Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research, Volume 3 written by Martin P. Yurawecz and published by The American Oil Chemists Society. This book was released on 2006-09-29 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in the chemistry, biological properties and healthful benefits of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) continues to grow. The number of peer reviewed publications produced on CLA since the 2003 publication of Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research, Volume 2, has more than doubled. It is likely that CLA will be used in the future in many more studies related to diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. This text provides comprehensive coverage of this area of research. Sections include material on biosynthesis and metabolic processes, techniques of determination of individual isomers, diversity of CLA, and effects of CLA isomers in humans.
Book Synopsis Nutritional Epidemiology by : Walter Willett
Download or read book Nutritional Epidemiology written by Walter Willett and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Willett's Nutritional Epidemiology has become the foundation of this field. This new edition updates existing chapters and adds new ones addressing the assessment of physical activity, the role of genetics in nutritional epidemiology, and the interface of this field with policy.
Book Synopsis Nutritional Biochemistry by : Tom Brody
Download or read book Nutritional Biochemistry written by Tom Brody and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This "real-world" approach allows students to come away with a realistically informed view of the basis for much of our understanding of nutritional biochemistry.
