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Exploring Hiv Related Risk And Risk Reduction Factors Among Older African American Women In South Carolina
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Book Synopsis Exploring HIV-related Risk and Risk Reduction Factors Among Older African American Women in South Carolina by : April Lynn Winningham
Download or read book Exploring HIV-related Risk and Risk Reduction Factors Among Older African American Women in South Carolina written by April Lynn Winningham and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Black Women's Risk for HIV by : Quinn Gentry
Download or read book Black Women's Risk for HIV written by Quinn Gentry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-03-05 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black Women's Risk for HIV: Rough Living is a valuable look into the structural and behavioral factors in high-risk environmentsspecifically inner-city neighborhoods like the Rough in Atlantathat place black women in danger of HIV infection. Using black feminism to deconstruct the meaning and significance of race, class, and gender, this text gives a voice to a unique disenfranchised population and legitimizes their lives and experiences. This important ethnographic study focuses not only on the problems associated with the continued rise in HIV rates among African American women, but provides viable solutions to these problems as well.
Book Synopsis Exploring Cardiovascular Disease Knowledge, Risk Perception, and Associated Socio-Behavioral Determinants Among African American and Hispanic People Living With HIV/AIDS by : Niko Verdecias
Download or read book Exploring Cardiovascular Disease Knowledge, Risk Perception, and Associated Socio-Behavioral Determinants Among African American and Hispanic People Living With HIV/AIDS written by Niko Verdecias and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Health Organization estimates the worldwide prevalence of HIV to be more than 36 million people. The annual incidence of HIV in the United States (US) is approximately 40,000 with a prevalence of 1.2 million people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Effective treatments have prolonged the lives of PLWHA. However, comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) have become an increasing concern with CVD exhibiting higher rates among PLWHA than in the general population. African Americans and Hispanics in the US are disproportionately affected by CVD and HIV, as single conditions. CVD is a leading cause of death among these racial/ethnic groups. This prompts concerns over the combined impact that CVD-HIV comorbidity potentially has towards widening exisitng disparities. African Americans and Hispanics, especially in underserved communities, confront more barriers to CVD diagnosis and care, receive lower quality treatment, and experience worse health outcomes. African Americans and Hispanics living with HIV/AIDS who are at risk for CVD may have specific needs and risk factors that are not understood or considered by interventionists and healthcare professionals when attempting to prevent or reduce the impact of CVD-HIV comorbidity. The relationship between CVD and HIV has been largely examined from a biomedical and epidemiological perspective. The epidemiological research has provided evidence related to the increased prevalence and risk of CVD among PLWHA while the biomedical perspective has explored the physiological pathways of CVD among PLWHA. However, the literature is scant in terms of identifying and understanding the psychosocial, behavioral and contextual determinants that may contribute to increased risk. Further lacking are studies that explicitly focus on African Americans and Hispanics living with HIV/AIDS from underserved communities. CVD risk assessment and risk reduction require more than a clinical intervention driven by clinical indicators such as blood glucose levels and lipid profiles. It requires an understanding of the various individual and contextual/community level determinants that affect CVD risk, such as self-perceived CVD risk, CVD knowledge, mental health, social support, neighborhood safety, accessibility and availability of primary care, and community resources. As such, utilizing a mixed methods approach, the goals of my dissertation were to: (1) explore CVD knowledge, CVD risk perception, and psychosocial and behavioral determinants that affect CVD risk behaviors and risk levels among a sample of African Americans and Hispanics living with HIV/AIDS; and (2) explore the healthcare provider perception of CVD risk assessment and management among African Americans and Hispanics living with HIV/AIDS. The objectives of this study were to: (1) assess CVD risk among a sample of African American and Hispanic PLWHA; (2) identify potential determinants of CVD risk among a sample of African American and Hispanic PLWHA; and (3) explore organizational characteristics associated with providing care to PLWHA who are at risk of developing CVD.
Book Synopsis Exploring Factors that Influence African American Female College Students' HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors by : Nicole Riddle
Download or read book Exploring Factors that Influence African American Female College Students' HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors written by Nicole Riddle and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing number of HIV infections among young black women is staggering and representative of a domestic, epidemiological crisis. Thus far, there is a paucity of HIV prevention programs whose specific focus encompasses the socio-cultural characteristics of African Americans. To address this shortcoming, a socio-cultural model of risk behavior was developed to examine factors associated with sexual risk behavior among young African American women using a cross-sectional survey design. A total of 51 female undergraduate college students were recruited from the Internet via the website Facebook.com and complete online survey items that included demographics, AIDS knowledge and attitudes, self-efficacy, sexual power, family communications, and sexual behavior. Multivariate linear regression analysis found that relationship power, specifically decision making control in relationship was a significant predictor of safe sex behavior. Furthermore, the multivariate linear regression analysis also demonstrated that peer support for safe sex practices was a significant predictor of condom use for this population of African American, female, college students. In conclusion, it appears that communication among peers and with male partners is the most salient factor in determining engagement in safe sex behavior for this population.
Download or read book HIV and Aging written by M. Brennan-Ing and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2016-11-22 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite decades of attention on building a global HIV research and programming agenda, HIV in older populations has generally been neglected until recently. This new book focuses on HIV and aging in the context of ageism with regard to prevention, treatment guidelines, funding, and the engagement of communities and health and social service organizations. The lack of perceived HIV risk in late adulthood among older people themselves, as well on the part of providers and society in general, has led to a lack of investment in education, testing, and programmatic responses. Ageism perpetuates the invisibility of older adults and, in turn, renders current medical and social service systems unprepared to respond to patients’ needs. While ageism may lead to some advantages – discounts for services, for example – it is the negative aspects that must be addressed when determining the appropriate community-level response to the epidemic.
Book Synopsis Perceptions of HIV Risk Among African American Women in Eastern North Carolina by : Jasmine M. Johnson
Download or read book Perceptions of HIV Risk Among African American Women in Eastern North Carolina written by Jasmine M. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project involved the collection and analysis of data from pre-and post-tests and five focus groups with 54 community-dwelling, middle-aged African American women in Eastern North Carolina, in order to explore the reasons why these women underestimated their level of risk for contracting HIV. This research was conducted under the auspices of the SISTER Talk Project, a part of the REACH Out Program administered through the Brody School of Medicine. Analysis involved determining African American women's perceptions of HIV risk, reported partnership behavior, and the influence of traditional gender roles on risk-related behaviors. Partner concurrency was found to be a common behavior in the groups studied and increased risk of contracting HIV. Homosexual behavior was also found to be heavily stigmatized and often carried out in secret, causing women to be unaware that their male partners might also be engaging in sexual relations with other men, thereby increasing the risk of contracting HIV. A key finding of this study was that traditional gender role expectations inhibit women from confronting men about partner concurrency and from requesting condom use for protection. The data collected in this study indicate that although educating women about HIV does help raise awareness about risk-related behaviors, education alone is not sufficient to solve issues of powerlessness in relationships due to perceived male dominance, poverty, and lack of communication. Women who are in these situations need further intervention, which would require involving their partners in education sessions and in discussions about HIV risk. This necessary step could help reduce the risk of HIV for both men and women, as well as reduce risk due to traditional gender role expectations among partners.
Book Synopsis Exploring the Factors Contributing to HIV Sexual Risk Among Older Adults and an Evaluation of Prevention Programs: A Systematic Review by : Rebecca Fessehaie Tesfai
Download or read book Exploring the Factors Contributing to HIV Sexual Risk Among Older Adults and an Evaluation of Prevention Programs: A Systematic Review written by Rebecca Fessehaie Tesfai and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature regarding the factors and prevention programs aimed to address HIV sexual risk among older adults is limited. This thesis research project aims to add to the literature by examining the factors that influence HIV sexual risk among older adults and the prevention programs that exist to address the problem among adults and older adults. This thesis research project is guided by the following research questions: 1) what factors are associated with HIV sexual risk among individuals aged 50 and over? and 2) what effect do individual-level programs, in comparison to group-level and multi-level programs, have on HIV sexual risk among adults and older adults? The results indicated that risky sexual behaviors among older adults were correlated with substance abuse, relationship factors that involved partner-related risk and self-silencing behaviors, mental health, low HIV risk perceptions, and lack of HIV knowledge. Additionally, the literature revealed that prevention program types, such as: motivational interviewing, behavioral skills-training, counseling, HIV/AIDS education, and condom skills-training were effective in increasing condom-use and condom-negotiation skills among adults and older adults.
Download or read book Denying AIDS written by Seth C. Kalichman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-16 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paralleling the discovery of HIV and the rise of the AIDS pandemic, a flock of naysayers has dedicated itself to replacing genuine knowledge with destructive misinformation—and spreading from the fringe to the mainstream media and the think tank. Now from the editor of the journal AIDS and Behavior comes a bold exposé of the scientific and sociopolitical forces involved in this toxic evasion. Denying AIDS traces the origins of AIDS dissidents disclaimers during the earliest days of the epidemic and delves into the psychology and politics of the current denial movement in its various incarnations. Seth Kalichman focuses not on the “difficult” or doubting patient, but on organized, widespread forms of denial (including the idea that HIV itself is a myth and HIV treatments are poison) and the junk science, faulty logic, conspiracy theories, and larger forces of homophobia and racism that fuel them. The malignant results of AIDS denial can be seen in those individuals who refuse to be tested, ignore their diagnoses, or reject the treatments that could save their lives. Instead of ignoring these currents, asserts Kalichman, science has a duty to counter them. Among the topics covered: Why AIDS denialism endures, and why science must understand it. Pioneer virus HIV researcher Peter Duesberg’s role in AIDS denialism. Flawed immunological, virological, and pharmacological pseudoscience studies that are central to texts of denialism. The social conservative agenda and the politics of AIDS denial, from the courts to the White House. The impact of HIV misinformation on public health in South Africa. Fighting fiction with reality: anti-denialism and the scientific community. For anyone affected by, interested in, or working with researchers in HIV/AIDS, and public health professionals in general, the insight and vision of Denying AIDS will inspire outrage, discussion, and ultimately action. See http://denyingaids.blogspot.com/ for more information.
Book Synopsis HIV/AIDS Risk Reduction Among High Risk Women in a Community-based Intervention by : Amy Michelle Carroll
Download or read book HIV/AIDS Risk Reduction Among High Risk Women in a Community-based Intervention written by Amy Michelle Carroll and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Risk Reduction Behaviors of Single, Sexually Active, African-American Women by : Laura R. Ingold
Download or read book Risk Reduction Behaviors of Single, Sexually Active, African-American Women written by Laura R. Ingold and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis HIV/AIDS Risk Reduction Health Service Utilization Among Injection Drug Using Women by : Therese Fizgerald
Download or read book HIV/AIDS Risk Reduction Health Service Utilization Among Injection Drug Using Women written by Therese Fizgerald and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This dissertation explores whether family relationship factors are associated with HIV/AIDS risk reduction service utilization among women injection drug users (IDUs). Women IDUs are at high risk of HIV and often in high need of HIV risk reduction services. Prior research demonstrates that women's family relationships are associated with their substance abuse and HIV risky behaviors. Less is known about the relationship between family factors and health services use. Based on the theoretical frameworks developed by Aday & Andersen (1974) and Amara (1995) this dissertation uses quantitative and qualitative methods to explore the association between women IDU's family relationships, with both spouses/sex partners and minor children, and their use of HIV/AIDS risk reduction health services. First, data from a sample of 198 injection drug-using (IDU) women were analyzed using logistic regression techniques. Controlling for key predisposing, enabling, and need factors significant at the bivariate level (age, race/ethnicity, education, homelessness, employment, income, mental health symptoms, and injection drug use), the findings indicated that: (1) living with children was significantly and positively associated with the use of drug treatment, mental health treatment and needle exchange programs (NEPs); (2) living with a partner or spouse was positively and significantly associated with use of (NEP) services and; (3) African American women were less likely to use drug and mental health treatment, psychiatric medications, and NEPs than their white counterparts. Living with children was also significantly associated with overall higher scores on the Magnitude of Health Services Index (MHSI), an exploratory measure specifically developed for this dissertation. Qualitative analysis of interviews conducted with a sub-group of 14 women IDUs selected from the larger sample suggested three different themes. First, women's health services use seemed influenced by trauma legacies that began in childhood and continued into adulthood. Second, the women described role conflicts as they struggled with their motherhood performance while addicted to drugs. Finally, the theme of mandated to treatment revealed how mothers' relationships with their children facilitated treatment. An implication of this study is that family relationships are essential elements in women IDU's use of HIV/AIDS risk reduction services and need to be essential components in future research, policy, and practice HIV prevention efforts for women.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452961 Total Pages :583 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Book Synopsis Factors Associated with HIV Among Black Women Experiencing Poverty: Exploring the Intersection of Gender, Race, and Class by : Robin Hardin
Download or read book Factors Associated with HIV Among Black Women Experiencing Poverty: Exploring the Intersection of Gender, Race, and Class written by Robin Hardin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More Black women are living with HIV relative to women from all other racial backgrounds, with unprotected heterosexual sex being the primary mode of transmission. There are power dynamics due to gender, class, and race that may increase susceptibility to contracting HIV among Black women with low socioeconomic status. Exploring the sociocultural and contextual factors that contribute to these high rates of HIV among Black women is critical for prevention efforts. Guided by Black feminist theory, which examines the intersectional effects of multiple marginalized identities, we formulated the current study. This study explored how factors embedded in the intersection of race, gender, and class, influence HIV rates among Black women in Memphis, Tennessee who are experiencing poverty. This qualitative study employed grounded theory techniques to explore how the experiences of being a Black woman with a low socioeconomic status contributes to a diagnosis of HIV. Participants included 12 Black women living with HIV. They completed semi-structured, hour-long interviews exploring factors that contributed to their HIV diagnosis. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and grounded theory techniques were used to analyze the data (Rubin & Rubin, 2011). Analyses revealed six themes that emerged as risk factors from the interviews: adverse childhood experiences, substance use, sexual partner concurrency, intimate partner violence, poverty, and relationship imperative. Additionally, religion and finding meaning emerged as protective factors for those living with HIV. Results from the current study highlight how these factors are embedded in the intersection of race, gender, and class for Black women experiencing poverty. Findings provide a foundation for understanding how HIV risk among Black women experiencing poverty begin and is upheld. These results can help mental health professionals in addressing HIV risk within the therapeutic context when working with Black women experiencing poverty..
Book Synopsis An Exploration of HIV/AIDS and Aging by : Eboni E. Anderson
Download or read book An Exploration of HIV/AIDS and Aging written by Eboni E. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Repurposing a Legacy by : Ariel Rankin
Download or read book Repurposing a Legacy written by Ariel Rankin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the end of 2015, over half of all HIV/AIDS cases will be in adults aged 50 and older. One of the fastest growing older adult sub groups afflicted by the HIV epidemic is older African American women. At present, no studies have explored the unique experiences of older African American women who have received an HIV diagnosis at the age 50 and older. A descriptive qualitative study employing constructivist grounded theory methodology was used to gain insights into the experience of African American women diagnosed with HIV at age 50 and older. In taking the constructivist approach, analysis stemmed from shared experiences and relationships with participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded and transcribed. A total of 16 interviews were used. Open-ended, non-leading questions and probes were developed from a literature review and community members' suggestions. Coding, mapping, analytic strategy usage, and memoing all assisted in creation of the grounded theory. The results of this study demonstrated how older African American women utilized various strategies to repurpose a legacy, after an HIV diagnosis. The strategies used by the women included re-evaluating perceptions of HIV risk, learning lessons from tumultuous times, and reconciling past and present events. The women's lack of HIV risk perceptions and their provider's failure to assess risky behaviors resulted in delayed HIV testing. After being tested, the women embarked on a journey to resolve newfound issues, and in the process, learned various life lessons. This process allowed the women to make meaning of their HIV diagnosis and set out on a path to self-discovery. The results of this study can shape forthcoming research on the HIV trajectory of older African American women living with HIV/AIDS and at risk for HIV/AIDS.
Book Synopsis Reducing HIV/AIDS and Criminal Justice Involvement in African Americans as a Consequence of Drug Abuse by : National Institute on Drug Abuse
Download or read book Reducing HIV/AIDS and Criminal Justice Involvement in African Americans as a Consequence of Drug Abuse written by National Institute on Drug Abuse and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue is organized into three sections. The first section: HIV/AIDS, drug abuse and prevention - focuses on prevention programs; patterns of use and barriers to health care in HIV-positive women; and the dissemination of information of African Americans. Early trauma, especially sexual abuse and attack, are believed to be antecedents of a number of risky behaviors in women including drug use. Little is known about the effects of childhood sexual abuse on Black women. The second section: The criminal justice system and drug abuse - addresses drug abuse and criminal justice prevention and intervention programs, and health disparities within the system. The third section: The intersection of HIV/AIDS and the criminal justice system - investigates the role of individual and situational factors related to criminal involvement among African American female drug users; explores African American offenders' HIV knowledge, risk behaviors and access to services; and highlight the role and impact of drug policies in the corrections system.
Book Synopsis Social and Behavioral Determinants of HIV Care and Outcomes Among a Sample of African-American Women Living with HIV by : Lauren Elizabeth Lipira
Download or read book Social and Behavioral Determinants of HIV Care and Outcomes Among a Sample of African-American Women Living with HIV written by Lauren Elizabeth Lipira and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African-American women are a vulnerable subpopulation of people living with HIV (PLWH) at risk for inadequate treatment and poor disease outcomes. The purpose of this dissertation as to investigate three aspects of social and behavioral determinants of HIV care and outcomes among African-American women living with HIV. Specifically, to: 1) evaluate the relationship between HIV-related stigma and viral suppression and explore the mediating roles of depression and nonadherence to ART 2) assess whether religiosity, social support, and ethnic identity modify the relationship between HIV-related stigma and depression, and 3) describe patterns of alcohol use and associated characteristics. We used baseline data from the Unity Study, a randomized controlled trial of an HIV-related stigma reduction intervention for African-American women living with HIV in Chicago, IL and Birmingham, AL. First, we estimated the total effect of stigma on viral suppression using logistic regression and estimated indirect and direct effects along hypothesized pathways using serial mediation analysis. Next, we used moderation analyses to estimate the modifying effects of religiosity, social support, and ethnic identity on the relationship between HIV-related stigma and depression. Finally, we compared participant characteristics across patterns of alcohol use and estimated adjusted associations using logistic regression. Among women in this sample, HIV-related stigma was common, and those who reported greater levels of HIV-related stigma were less likely to be virally suppressed; depression and ART nonadherence did not appear to account for this relationship. Still, women who reported higher levels of HIV-related stigma were more likely to report higher levels of depressive symptom severity. Religiosity buffered this relationship, but social support and ethnic identity did not. Among women in this study, half reported any alcohol use, and a quarter each screened positive for UAU and HED. Patterns of alcohol use and were associated with social characteristics (religiosity, social support, and HIV-related stigma), clinical characteristics (depression), and HIV-related clinical characteristics (ART adherence and viral suppression). African-American women living with HIV face substantial challenges but demonstrate great capacity for resilience. Effective interventions which integrate aspects of religiosity and social support are needed to reduce HIV-related stigma and any and unhealthy alcohol use. Future research should focus on better understanding the relevant mechanisms and developing and testing new interventions.
