Experimentation and Interpretation

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Author :
Publisher : Oxbow Books Limited
ISBN 13 : 9781842173992
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (739 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimentation and Interpretation by : Theoretical Archaeology Group (England). Conference

Download or read book Experimentation and Interpretation written by Theoretical Archaeology Group (England). Conference and published by Oxbow Books Limited. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental archaeology is today forging new links between archaeological scientists and theorists. Many of the best archaeological projects today are those which use methodology and interpretation from both the sciences and the arts. The papers presented here reflect this interdisciplinary approach and focus on sites and material culture spanning from the Mesolithic to the Late Medieval periods. They range from the history of experimentation in archaeology and its place within the field today, to the theory behind `the experiment', to several projects which have used controlled experimentation to test hypotheses about archaeological remains, past actions, and the scientific processes we use. Now that archaeology has moved beyond the focus of the Processual/Post-Processual debates of the 1970s and 80s, which pitted science against the arts, archaeologists have more freedom to choose how to `do archaeology'. The contributions to this book reflect this as problems are approached in --

Experiment and the Making of Meaning

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400907079
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Experiment and the Making of Meaning by : D.C. Gooding

Download or read book Experiment and the Making of Meaning written by D.C. Gooding and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . . . the topic of 'meaning' is the one topic discussed in philosophy in which there is literally nothing but 'theory' - literally nothing that can be labelled or even ridiculed as the 'common sense view'. Putnam, 'The Meaning of Meaning' This book explores some truths behind the truism that experimentation is a hallmark of scientific activity. Scientists' descriptions of nature result from two sorts of encounter: they interact with each other and with nature. Philosophy of science has, by and large, failed to give an account of either sort of interaction. Philosophers typically imagine that scientists observe, theorize and experiment in order to produce general knowledge of natural laws, knowledge which can be applied to generate new theories and technologies. This view bifurcates the scientist's world into an empirical world of pre-articulate experience and know how and another world of talk, thought and argument. Most received philosophies of science focus so exclusively on the literary world of representations that they cannot begin to address the philosophical problems arising from the interaction of these worlds: empirical access as a source of knowledge, meaning and reference, and of course, realism. This has placed the epistemological burden entirely on the predictive role of experiment because, it is argued, testing predictions is all that could show that scientists' theorizing is constrained by nature. Here a purely literary approach contributes to its own demise. The epistemological significance of experiment turns out to be a theoretical matter: cruciality depends on argument, not experiment.

Experiments in Ecology

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521556965
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (569 download)

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Book Synopsis Experiments in Ecology by : A. J. Underwood

Download or read book Experiments in Ecology written by A. J. Underwood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1996, this book is a logical and consistent approach to experimental design using statistical principles.

Field Experiments

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Publisher : W W Norton & Company Incorporated
ISBN 13 : 9780393979954
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (799 download)

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Book Synopsis Field Experiments by : Alan S. Gerber

Download or read book Field Experiments written by Alan S. Gerber and published by W W Norton & Company Incorporated. This book was released on 2012 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brief, authoritative introduction to field experimentation in the social sciences. Written by two leading experts on experimental methods, this concise text covers the major aspects of experiment design, analysis, and interpretation in clear language. Students learn how to design randomized experiments, analyze the data, and interpret the findings. Beyond the authoritative coverage of the basic methodology, the authors include numerous features to help students achieve a deeper understanding of field experimentation, including rich examples from the social science literature, problem sets and discussions, data sets, and further readings.

Experimentation in Software Engineering

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642290442
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimentation in Software Engineering by : Claes Wohlin

Download or read book Experimentation in Software Engineering written by Claes Wohlin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-16 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like other sciences and engineering disciplines, software engineering requires a cycle of model building, experimentation, and learning. Experiments are valuable tools for all software engineers who are involved in evaluating and choosing between different methods, techniques, languages and tools. The purpose of Experimentation in Software Engineering is to introduce students, teachers, researchers, and practitioners to empirical studies in software engineering, using controlled experiments. The introduction to experimentation is provided through a process perspective, and the focus is on the steps that we have to go through to perform an experiment. The book is divided into three parts. The first part provides a background of theories and methods used in experimentation. Part II then devotes one chapter to each of the five experiment steps: scoping, planning, execution, analysis, and result presentation. Part III completes the presentation with two examples. Assignments and statistical material are provided in appendixes. Overall the book provides indispensable information regarding empirical studies in particular for experiments, but also for case studies, systematic literature reviews, and surveys. It is a revision of the authors’ book, which was published in 2000. In addition, substantial new material, e.g. concerning systematic literature reviews and case study research, is introduced. The book is self-contained and it is suitable as a course book in undergraduate or graduate studies where the need for empirical studies in software engineering is stressed. Exercises and assignments are included to combine the more theoretical material with practical aspects. Researchers will also benefit from the book, learning more about how to conduct empirical studies, and likewise practitioners may use it as a “cookbook” when evaluating new methods or techniques before implementing them in their organization.

Exercise Testing and Interpretation

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139429612
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Exercise Testing and Interpretation by : Christopher B. Cooper

Download or read book Exercise Testing and Interpretation written by Christopher B. Cooper and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-08-09 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2001 book provides a practical and systematic approach to the acquisition, interpretation, and reporting of physiologic responses to exercise. Pulmonologists, cardiologists, and sports physicians, as well as respiratory therapists and other allied health professionals will find this book an indispensable resource when learning to select proper instruments, identify the most appropriate test protocols, and integrate and interpret physiologic response variables. The final chapter presents clinical cases to illuminate useful strategies for exercise testing and interpretation. Useful appendices offer laboratory forms, algorithms and calculations, as well as answers to FAQs. A glossary of terms, symbols, and definitions is also included. Exercise Testing and Interpretation: A Practical Approach offers clearly defined responses (both normal and abnormal) to over thirty performance variables including aerobic, cardiovascular, ventilatory, and gas-exchange variables. Practical, portable, and easy-to-read, this essential guidebook can be used as a complement to more detailed books on the topic, or stand on its own.

Pavlov's Physiology Factory

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Author :
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 0801873746
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Pavlov's Physiology Factory by : Daniel P. Todes

Download or read book Pavlov's Physiology Factory written by Daniel P. Todes and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2003-04-29 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russian physiologist and Nobel Prize winner Ivan Pavlov is most famous for his development of the concept of the conditional reflex and the classic experiment in which he trained a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell. In Pavlov's Physiology Factory: Experiment, Interpretation, Laboratory Enterprise, Daniel P. Todes explores Pavlov's early work in digestive physiology through the structures and practices of his landmark laboratory—the physiology department of the Imperial Institute for Experimental Medicine. In Lectures on the Work of the Main Digestive Glands, for which Pavlov won the Nobel Prize in 1904, the scientist frequently referred to the experiments of his coworkers and stated that his conclusions reflected "the deed of the entire laboratory." This novel claim caused the prize committee some consternation. Was he alone deserving of the prize? Examining the fascinating content of Pavlov's scientific notes and correspondence, unpublished memoirs, and laboratory publications, Pavlov's Physiology Factory explores the importance of Pavlov's directorship of what the author calls a "physiology factory" and illuminates its relationship to Pavlov's Nobel Prize-winning work and the research on conditional reflexes that followed it. Todes looks at Pavlov's performance in his various roles as laboratory manager, experimentalist, entrepreneur, and scientific visionary. He discusses changes wrought by government and commercial interests in science and sheds light on the pathways of scientific development in Russia—making clear Pavlov's personal achievements while also examining his style of laboratory management. Pavlov's Physiology Factory thus addresses issues of importance to historians of science and scientists today: "big" versus "small" science, the dynamics of experiment and interpretation, and the development of research cultures.

Experiment!

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118311019
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis Experiment! by : Oivind Andersson

Download or read book Experiment! written by Oivind Andersson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-04 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments are the most effective way to learn about the world. By cleverly interfering with something to see how it reacts we are able to find out how it works. In contrast to passive observation, experimenting provides us with data relevant to our research and thus less time and effort is spent separating relevant from irrelevant information. The art of experimentation is often learnt by doing, so an intuitive understanding of the experimental method usually evolves gradually through years of trial and error. This book speeds up the journey for the reader to becoming a proficient experimenter. Organized in two parts, this unique text begins by providing a general introduction to the scientific approach to experimentation. It then describes the processes and tools required, including the relevant statistical and experimental methods. Towards the end of the book a methodology is presented, which leads the reader through the three phases of an experiment: ‘Planning’, ‘Data Collection’, and ‘Analysis and Synthesis’. Experiment! Provides an excellent introduction to the methodology and implementation of experimentation in the natural, engineering and medical sciences Puts practical tools into scientific context Features a number of selected actual experiments to explore what are the key characteristics of good experiments Includes examples and exercises in every chapter This book focuses on general research skills, such as adopting a scientific mindset, learning how to plan meaningful experiments and understanding the fundamentals of collecting and interpreting data. It is directed to anyone engaged in experiments, especially Ph.D. and masters students just starting to create and develop their own experiments.

RECREATING ARTEFACTS AND ANCIENT SKILLS: FROM EXPERIMENT TO INTERPRETATION

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Author :
Publisher : Editura Cetatea de Scaun
ISBN 13 : 6065375659
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (653 download)

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Book Synopsis RECREATING ARTEFACTS AND ANCIENT SKILLS: FROM EXPERIMENT TO INTERPRETATION by : Monica Mărgărit, Adina Boroneanț

Download or read book RECREATING ARTEFACTS AND ANCIENT SKILLS: FROM EXPERIMENT TO INTERPRETATION written by Monica Mărgărit, Adina Boroneanț and published by Editura Cetatea de Scaun. This book was released on 2022-03-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the role and means of archaeological experimentation in understanding the processes involved in the manufacture and use of past artifacts. When asking for contributions, we suggested the five stages of an experimental approach as main-themes: 1. Selection and acquisition of raw material, identical to those present in the archaeological assemblages. 2. Production of replicas following the technological transformation schemes identified by the direct study of archaeological items. 3. Experimental use as indicated by the publications/ethnographic comparisons or as suggested by the morphology/use-wear evolution of the archaeological items. 4. Microscopical analysis of use-wear patterns. 5. Comparison of experimental data with archaeological data in order to validate the existing hypotheses on the way they were manufactured and used by the human communities. A second aim was that the invited authors to have various archaeological backgrounds and cover a broad spatial and temporal interval. As a result, this volume comprises 17 studies organized in three sections, dictated by the various aspects of experimental archaeology they represent: from the more traditional experimental replication, understanding and interpretation of artefact functionality, and relatively recent (and less trodden) directions in experimental archaeology. It also comes to show that experimental archaeology is as well suited for Palaeolithic studies, as it is for the Neo-Eneolithic and the Bronze Age. Although most papers refer geographically to Europe, interesting contributions take us to Argentina and Australia. *** Acest volum se concentrează pe rolul și mijloacele experimentelor arheologice în înțelegerea proceselor implicate în fabricarea și utilizarea artefactelor din trecut. Am invitat o serie de specialiștii să contribuie cu studii care să testeze ipotezele teoretice existente, dar și altele care să aducă abordări inovatoare. Când am solicitat contribuții, am sugerat ca teme principale cele cinci etape ale demersului experimental: 1. Selectarea și achiziționarea de materii prime, identice cu cele prezente în ansamblurile arheologice. 2. Realizarea de replici urmând schemele de transformare tehnologică identificate prin studiul direct al ansamblurilor arheologice. 3. Utilizarea experimentală după cum este indicată de publicații/comparații etnografice sau sugerată de evoluția uzurii pe artefactele arheologice. 4. Analiza microscopică a modelelor de de uzură. 5. Compararea datelor experimentale cu datele arheologice în vederea validării ipotezelor existente privind fabricarea și utilizarea lor de către comunitățile umane. Un al doilea scop al volumului a fost ca autorii invitați să provină din diferite medii arheologice și să acopere un interval spațial și temporal larg. A rezultat un volum cuprinzând 17 studii organizate în trei secțiuni, dictate de diversele aspecte ale arheologiei experimentale: replicarea experimentală la nivel tehnologic, înțelegerea și interpretarea funcționalității artefactelor și direcțiile relativ recente (interdisciplinare) în cadrul experimentului arheologie. De asemenea, volumul ne-a arătat că arheologia experimentală este la fel de potrivită pentru studiile paleolitice, ca și pentru neo-eneolitic și epoca bronzului. Deși majoritatea lucrărilor se referă geografic la Europa, contribuții interesante vin din Argentina sau Australia.

Experimental Design and Interpretation

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Design and Interpretation by : Raymond Oliver Collier

Download or read book Experimental Design and Interpretation written by Raymond Oliver Collier and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Experiment and the Making of Meaning

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400907089
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Experiment and the Making of Meaning by : D.C. Gooding

Download or read book Experiment and the Making of Meaning written by D.C. Gooding and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-29 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . . . the topic of 'meaning' is the one topic discussed in philosophy in which there is literally nothing but 'theory' - literally nothing that can be labelled or even ridiculed as the 'common sense view'. Putnam, 'The Meaning of Meaning' This book explores some truths behind the truism that experimentation is a hallmark of scientific activity. Scientists' descriptions of nature result from two sorts of encounter: they interact with each other and with nature. Philosophy of science has, by and large, failed to give an account of either sort of interaction. Philosophers typically imagine that scientists observe, theorize and experiment in order to produce general knowledge of natural laws, knowledge which can be applied to generate new theories and technologies. This view bifurcates the scientist's world into an empirical world of pre-articulate experience and know how and another world of talk, thought and argument. Most received philosophies of science focus so exclusively on the literary world of representations that they cannot begin to address the philosophical problems arising from the interaction of these worlds: empirical access as a source of knowledge, meaning and reference, and of course, realism. This has placed the epistemological burden entirely on the predictive role of experiment because, it is argued, testing predictions is all that could show that scientists' theorizing is constrained by nature. Here a purely literary approach contributes to its own demise. The epistemological significance of experiment turns out to be a theoretical matter: cruciality depends on argument, not experiment.

Understanding Statistics and Experimental Design

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030034992
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Statistics and Experimental Design by : Michael H. Herzog

Download or read book Understanding Statistics and Experimental Design written by Michael H. Herzog and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access textbook provides the background needed to correctly use, interpret and understand statistics and statistical data in diverse settings. Part I makes key concepts in statistics readily clear. Parts I and II give an overview of the most common tests (t-test, ANOVA, correlations) and work out their statistical principles. Part III provides insight into meta-statistics (statistics of statistics) and demonstrates why experiments often do not replicate. Finally, the textbook shows how complex statistics can be avoided by using clever experimental design. Both non-scientists and students in Biology, Biomedicine and Engineering will benefit from the book by learning the statistical basis of scientific claims and by discovering ways to evaluate the quality of scientific reports in academic journals and news outlets.

Design and Analysis of Experiments

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Author :
Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9780471661597
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Design and Analysis of Experiments by : Douglas C. Montgomery

Download or read book Design and Analysis of Experiments written by Douglas C. Montgomery and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bestselling professional reference has helped over 100,000 engineers and scientists with the success of their experiments. The new edition includes more software examples taken from the three most dominant programs in the field: Minitab, JMP, and SAS. Additional material has also been added in several chapters, including new developments in robust design and factorial designs. New examples and exercises are also presented to illustrate the use of designed experiments in service and transactional organizations. Engineers will be able to apply this information to improve the quality and efficiency of working systems.

Encyclopedia of Research Design

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Author :
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1412961270
Total Pages : 1779 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Research Design by : Neil J. Salkind

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Research Design written by Neil J. Salkind and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page 1779 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Comprising more than 500 entries, the Encyclopedia of Research Design explains how to make decisions about research design, undertake research projects in an ethical manner, interpret and draw valid inferences from data, and evaluate experiment design strategies and results. Two additional features carry this encyclopedia far above other works in the field: bibliographic entries devoted to significant articles in the history of research design and reviews of contemporary tools, such as software and statistical procedures, used to analyze results. It covers the spectrum of research design strategies, from material presented in introductory classes to topics necessary in graduate research; it addresses cross- and multidisciplinary research needs, with many examples drawn from the social and behavioral sciences, neurosciences, and biomedical and life sciences; it provides summaries of advantages and disadvantages of often-used strategies; and it uses hundreds of sample tables, figures, and equations based on real-life cases."--Publisher's description.

Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0443151741
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists by : Jiju Antony

Download or read book Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists written by Jiju Antony and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-06-02 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition of Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists adds to the tried and trusted tools that were successful in so many engineering organizations with new coverage of design of experiments (DoE) in the service sector. Case studies are updated throughout, and new ones are added on dentistry, higher education, and utilities. Although many books have been written on DoE for statisticians, this book overcomes the challenges a wider audience faces in using statistics by using easy-to-read graphical tools. Readers will find the concepts in this book both familiar and easy to understand, and users will soon be able to apply them in their work or research. This classic book is essential reading for engineers and scientists from all disciplines tackling all kinds of product and process quality problems and will be an ideal resource for students of this topic. Written in nonstatistical language, the book is an essential and accessible text for scientists and engineers who want to learn how to use DoE Explains why teaching DoE techniques in the improvement phase of Six Sigma is an important part of problem-solving methodology New edition includes two new chapters on DoE for services as well as case studies illustrating its wider application in the service industry

Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence

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Author :
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 1483214443
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence by : Alan H. Bond

Download or read book Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence written by Alan H. Bond and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most artificial intelligence research investigates intelligent behavior for a single agent--solving problems heuristically, understanding natural language, and so on. Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) is concerned with coordinated intelligent behavior: intelligent agents coordinating their knowledge, skills, and plans to act or solve problems, working toward a single goal, or toward separate, individual goals that interact. DAI provides intellectual insights about organization, interaction, and problem solving among intelligent agents. This comprehensive collection of articles shows the breadth and depth of DAI research. The selected information is relevant to emerging DAI technologies as well as to practical problems in artificial intelligence, distributed computing systems, and human-computer interaction. "Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence" proposes a framework for understanding the problems and possibilities of DAI. It divides the study into three realms: the natural systems approach (emulating strategies and representations people use to coordinate their activities), the engineering/science perspective (building automated, coordinated problem solvers for specific applications), and a third, hybrid approach that is useful in analyzing and developing mixed collections of machines and human agents working together. The editors introduce the volume with an important survey of the motivations, research, and results of work in DAI. This historical and conceptual overview combines with chapter introductions to guide the reader through this fascinating field. A unique and extensive bibliography is also provided.

Experiments in Ecology

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781107088917
Total Pages : 523 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (889 download)

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Book Synopsis Experiments in Ecology by : A. J. Underwood

Download or read book Experiments in Ecology written by A. J. Underwood and published by . This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1996, this book is a logical and consistent approach to experimental design using statistical principles.