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Experimental Investigation Of Near Field Effects On The Sasw Dispersion Curve
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Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Near-field Effects on the SASW Dispersion Curve by : Sungmoon Hwang
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Near-field Effects on the SASW Dispersion Curve written by Sungmoon Hwang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When any method of surface wave testing that involves Rayleigh waves is performed, one important assumption is that plane Rayleigh waves are being measured. In the forward modeling or inversion procedure that is used to analyze the field dispersion curve to determine the field V[subscript s] profile, the analysis is based on the wave field consisting of plane Rayleigh waves. Therefore, field dispersion curves that contain near-field data could adversely distort the field V[subscript s] profile. To minimize the influence of near-field effects, several criteria have been recommended in the past. However, most of the criteria were based on empirical equations that implicitly assumed zones of influence, or numerical simulations. There is a lack of experimental investigation, particularly full-scale field investigations. Even, the numerical solutions have been based on simple soil profiles without significant velocity contrasts between soil layers and/or varying thicknesses of soil layers which can significantly influence near-field effects. Data from full-scale field test using the Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) method was used in this thesis research. SASW tests performed at two stages in the construction of a deep, 90-ft thick backfill were studied. The V[subscript s] profiles were normally dispersive, with a substantial increase in the velocity of the layer beneath the backfill. The study shows the adverse distortions that can occur in the field dispersion curve from near-field effects when the spacing of the receiver pair is: (1) above the zone of rapidly increasing V[subscript s] near the surface and (2) less than the depth to the stiffer layer in deeper measurements. Other factors that affect the results are discussed and recommendations are presented to minimize the introduction of near-field effects, at least in these relatively simple V[subscript s] profiles.
Book Synopsis A Study on the Benefits of Including Near-field Effects in Active-source Surface Wave Data Collection and Interpretation by : Thompson McCaskill
Download or read book A Study on the Benefits of Including Near-field Effects in Active-source Surface Wave Data Collection and Interpretation written by Thompson McCaskill and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geotechnical analyses for earthquake engineering and other applications are often predicated on the accurate determination of shear wave velocity (VS) profiles. Surface wave methods (SWM) are a noninvasive approach to developing VS profiles that involve measurement of Rayleigh wave propagation between a wave-generating source and a receiver array placed on the ground surface. There are several variations of SWM, but all utilize the same three-step process for developing a VS profile, namely: (1) data collection -- measuring ground surface vibrations emanating from a source; (2) data processing -- developing an experimental dispersion curve relating wave velocity to wavelength or frequency; and (3) inversion -- finding the VS profile that produces a theoretical dispersion curve matching the experimental dispersion curve. In current practice, the theoretical model used to fit the experimental data is a far-field model that only simulates motions from planar Rayleigh waves. Therefore, the receiver array used to collect the data in step 1 must be located far from the source (or "far-field"), where body waves have largely dissipated (due to greater damping) and Rayleigh wavefronts are nearly planar. Closer to the source -- in the so-called "nearfield" -- the ground motion includes coupled interactions of body waves and non-planar Rayleigh waves and is inconsistent with a far-field theoretical model. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and potential benefits of including near-field contributions in both the surface wave data collection and modeling. First, it was hypothesized that source offset distance criteria currently used to mitigate near-field effects could be greatly reduced without affecting the quality of surface wave results.Second, it was hypothesized that additional information about the soil profile could be determined if the near-field portion of the dispersion curve was included in both the data collection and theoretical modeling. Three different studies were performed for this research, namely: (1) a preliminary sensitivity study, to study the sensitivity of the near-field portion of the dispersion curve to changes in various profile parameters, (2) surface wave analysis using simulated experimental data, to assess both profile recovery effectiveness and the possibility of inferring additional profile parameters (specifically, Poisson's ratio), and (3) surface wave analysis with real data, to validate the profile findings from the study using simulated data. Experimental data were collected and/or simulated using both the Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) method and multi-channel surface wave methods, but the primary focus of this study was on the SASW method. The results from the study showed that surface wave analyses that included near-field contributions in both data collection and theoretical modeling were as effective or more effective at recovering the VS profile as conventional far-field approaches, with the benefit of shorter arrays and smaller sources. This study also showed that surface wave measurements that included near-field data were sensitive to changes in Poisson's ratio of the profile, as compared with the known insensitivity of conventional far-field surface wave methods. The results from the limited experimental study were less conclusive, but generally confirmed the findings from the study performed using simulated data.
Book Synopsis Pre-failure Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials by : Jamiolkowski
Download or read book Pre-failure Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials written by Jamiolkowski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second of two volumes from the 1999 conference (v.1 was published in 1999) makes available the opening lecture on pre-failure behavior of soils as construction materials, as well as 24 contributions on various themes of the conference, laboratory tests, in situ tests, stress-strain behavior, applications and case histories. Some specific topics include time-dependent deformation characteristics of stiff geomaterials, boundary value problems in geotechnical engineering, and the effect of reinforcement due to choice of geogrid. There is no subject index. c. Book News Inc.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering and Microzonation by : Atilla Ansal
Download or read book Recent Advances in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering and Microzonation written by Atilla Ansal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-27 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outstanding advances have been achieved on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering and Microzonation in the last decade mostly due to the increase in the recorded instrumental in-situ data and large number of case studies conducted in analyzing the observed effects during the recent major earthquakes. During the 15th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering held in Istanbul in August 2001, the Technical Committee of Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering, (TC4) of the International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering organised a regional seminar on Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Microzonation where an effort has been made to present the recent advances in the field by eminent scientists and researchers. The book idea was first suggested by the participants of this seminar. The purpose of this book as well as of the seminar was to present the broad spectrum of earthquake geotechnical engineering and seismic microzonation including strong ground motion, site characterisation, site effects, liquefaction, seismic microzonation, solid waste landfills and foundation engineering. The subject matter requires multidisciplinary input from different fields of engineering seismology, soil dynamics, geotechnical and structural engineering. The chapters in this book are prepared by some of the distinguished lecturers who took part in the seminar supplemented with contributions of few distinguished experts in the field of earthquake geotechnical engineering. The editor would like to express his gratitude to all authors for their interest and efforts in preparing their manuscripts. Without their enthusiasm and support, it would not have been possible to complete this book.
Download or read book Special Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Earthquake Geotechnics by : T. G. Sitharam
Download or read book Advances in Earthquake Geotechnics written by T. G. Sitharam and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-22 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together contributions from world renowned researchers and practitioners in the field of geotechnical engineering. The chapters of this book are based on the keynote and invited lectures delivered at the 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. The book presents advances in the field of soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering. A strong emphasis is placed on proving connections between academic research and field practice, with many examples, case studies, best practices, and discussions on performance-based design. This book will be of interest to research scholars, academicians and industry professionals alike.
Book Synopsis Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials / Comportement Des Sols Et Des Roches Tendres by : H. Di Benedetto
Download or read book Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials / Comportement Des Sols Et Des Roches Tendres written by H. Di Benedetto and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 1460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main themes of this conference are experimental investigations into deformation properties - from very small strains to beyond failure, laboratory, in-situ and field observation interpretations, and behaviour characterization and modelling. Emphasis is placed on exploring recent investigations into time-related stresses, and on applying advanced geotechnical testing to real engineering problems.
Download or read book Seismic Waves written by Masaki Kanao and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of seismic wave research lies not only in our ability to understand and predict earthquakes and tsunamis, it also reveals information on the Earth's composition and features in much the same way as it led to the discovery of Mohorovicic's discontinuity. As our theoretical understanding of the physics behind seismic waves has grown, physical and numerical modeling have greatly advanced and now augment applied seismology for better prediction and engineering practices. This has led to some novel applications such as using artificially-induced shocks for exploration of the Earth's subsurface and seismic stimulation for increasing the productivity of oil wells. This book demonstrates the latest techniques and advances in seismic wave analysis from theoretical approach, data acquisition and interpretation, to analyses and numerical simulations, as well as research applications. A review process was conducted in cooperation with sincere support by Drs. Hiroshi Takenaka, Yoshio Murai, Jun Matsushima, and Genti Toyokuni.
Book Synopsis Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering V by : I B F
Download or read book Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering V written by I B F and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-09-13 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering SDEE 91, Karlsruhe, Germany, 23-26 September 1991.
Book Synopsis Study of Surface Wave Methods for Deep Shear Wave Velocity Profiling Applied in the Upper Mississippi Embayment by : Jianhua Li
Download or read book Study of Surface Wave Methods for Deep Shear Wave Velocity Profiling Applied in the Upper Mississippi Embayment written by Jianhua Li and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface wave methods have become an important tool for non-intrusively and inexpensively determining shear wave velocity (V [subscript-s]) profiles for many geotechnical earthquake engineering applications. The primary objectives of this study are to (1) compare active-source and passive (ambient vibration) surface wave methods for developing V [subscript-s] profiles to depths of 200 to 300 m at deep soil sites, and (2) identify the primary factors affecting the reliability and consistency of surface wave methods. This comparative study became possible with the advent of a unique low- frequency field vibrator developed as part of the National Science Foundation's (NSF) Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) program. This vibrator is able to actively excite surface wave energy down to frequencies of less than 1 Hz. Four surface wave methods (two active-source methods and two passive-source methods) were applied in this study, namely: (1) the Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) method, (2) the active-source frequency- wavenumber ([function]-k) method, (3) the passive-source frequency-wavenumber ([function]-k) method and (4) the refraction microtremor (ReMi) method. The focus of this study is on two critical aspects of surface wave methods: (1) development of a reliable surface wave dispersion curve from field measurements, and (2) compatibility between the experimental dispersion curve and the theoretical model used in the inversion procedure to develop the final V [subscript-s] profile. Measurements were performed at eleven sites distributed over a distance of about 180 km in the upper Mississippi Embayment in the central United States, where soil deposits are hundreds of meters deep. Limitations associated with each of the four methods were identified in this study. With respect to the SASW method it was found that potential phase unwrapping problems could cause an erroneous estimate of the dispersion curve. These errors were found to be associated with an abrupt mode transition caused by a strong velocity contrast at a shallow depth. With respect to the active-source [function]-k approach, it was demonstrated that near-field effects caused by a short near- source offset produced an underprediction of the surface wave dispersion curve at long wavelengths. Recommendations for acceptable source offset distances were developed based on the results from this study. The performance of the passive approaches (passive [function]-k method and ReMi method) was shown to be strongly dependent on the local ambient wavefield characteristics. Results from a study of the ambient wavefield characteristics at the 11 sites showed high ambient vibration levels at all sites in the frequency range of 1 to 4 Hz. Passive measurements using a circular array provided good comparisons with the active-source methods out to wavelengths of 500 m (2.5 times the array aperture) in most cases. Poor performance at one site was shown to be due to a multi-source wavefield at low frequencies. An improved comparison at this site was achieved by applying high-resolution processing methods. The ReMi method was found to provide good results down to frequencies of 3 to 4 Hz (wavelengths of 100 to 150 m) but very poor performance at lower frequencies (
Book Synopsis Shear Waves in Marine Sediments by : J.M Hovem
Download or read book Shear Waves in Marine Sediments written by J.M Hovem and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shear waves and closely related interface waves (Rayleigh, Stoneley and Scholte) play an important role in many areas of engineering, geophysics and underwater acoustics. In some cases interest is focused on large-amplitude waves of low frequency such as those associ ated with earthquakes and nuclear explosions; in other cases low amplitude waves, which have often travelled great distances through the sediment, are of interest. Both low and high frequency shear and interface waves are often used for seafloor probing and sediment characterization. As a result of the wide spectrum of different interests, different disciplines have developed lines of research and a literature particularly suited to their own problems. For example water-column acousticians view the seafloor sediment as the lower boundary of their domain and are interested in shear and interface waves in the near bottom sediments mainly from the standpoint of how they influence absorption and reflection at this boundary. On the other hand, geophysicists seeking deep oil deposits are interested in the maximum penetration into the sediments and the tell-tale characteristics of the seismic waves that have encountered potential oil or gas bearing strata. In another area, geotechnical engineers use shear and interface waves to study soil properties necessary for the design and the siting of seafloor structures.
Download or read book Transportation Research Record written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis SASW Measurements in Managua, Nicaragua by : Peter Ekholm
Download or read book SASW Measurements in Managua, Nicaragua written by Peter Ekholm and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geotechnical Characterisation and Geoenvironmental Engineering by : V. K. Stalin
Download or read book Geotechnical Characterisation and Geoenvironmental Engineering written by V. K. Stalin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book comprises selected proceedings of the 2016 annual conference of the Indian Geotechnical Society. The technical papers presented on the theme “Geotechnical Characterisation and Geoenvironmental Engineering” highlight the modified geotechnical properties of soil admixed industrial waste and also the characteristics of soil with different pore fluid under varying test conditions. The major topics covered are (i) characterisation of soils, rocks and synthesised materials and (ii) geoenvironmental engineering and behaviour of unsaturated soil. This book will prove a valuable reference for researchers and practicing engineers alike.
Book Synopsis In Situ Measurement of Stiffness Profiles in the Seafloor Using the Spectral-analysis-of-surface-waves (SASW) Method by : Barbara Aileen Luke
Download or read book In Situ Measurement of Stiffness Profiles in the Seafloor Using the Spectral-analysis-of-surface-waves (SASW) Method written by Barbara Aileen Luke and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
