Experimental Design And Reproducibility In Preclinical Animal Studies

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Guidance for the Description of Animal Research in Scientific Publications

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030921954X
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Guidance for the Description of Animal Research in Scientific Publications by : National Research Council

Download or read book Guidance for the Description of Animal Research in Scientific Publications written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-16 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication of research articles involving animal studies is central to many disciplines in science and biomedicine. Effective descriptions in such publications enable researchers to interpret the data, evaluate and replicate findings, and move the science forward. Analyses of published studies with research animals have demonstrated numerous deficiencies in the reporting of details in research methods for animal studies. Considerable variation in the amount of information required by scientific publications and reported by authors undermines this basic scientific principle and results in the unnecessary use of animals and other resources in failed efforts to reproduce study results. Guidance for the Description of Animal Research in Scientific Publications outlines the information that should be included in scientific papers regarding the animal studies to ensure that the study can be replicated. The report urges journal editors to actively promote effective and ethical research by encouraging the provision of sufficient information. Examples of this information include: conditions of housing and husbandry, genetic nomenclature, microbial status, detailed experimental manipulations, and handling and use of pharmaceuticals. Inclusion of this information will enable assessment and interpretation of research findings and advancement of knowledge based on reproducible results.

Experimental Design and Reproducibility in Preclinical Animal Studies

Author : José M. Sánchez Morgado
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030661474
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Design and Reproducibility in Preclinical Animal Studies by : José M. Sánchez Morgado

Download or read book Experimental Design and Reproducibility in Preclinical Animal Studies written by José M. Sánchez Morgado and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly-readable text provides grounds on how to plan and conduct animal experiments that can be reproduced by others. The book touches on factors that may impact the reproducibility of animal studies including: the animal genetic background, the animal microbial flora, environmental and physiological variables affecting the animal, animal welfare, statistics and experimental design, systematic reviews of animal studies, and the publishing process. The book addresses advanced undergraduates, graduate students and all scientists working with animals.

Good Research Practice in Non-Clinical Pharmacology and Biomedicine

Author : Anton Bespalov
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030336565
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Good Research Practice in Non-Clinical Pharmacology and Biomedicine by : Anton Bespalov

Download or read book Good Research Practice in Non-Clinical Pharmacology and Biomedicine written by Anton Bespalov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book, published under a CC BY 4.0 license in the Pubmed indexed book series Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, provides up-to-date information on best practice to improve experimental design and quality of research in non-clinical pharmacology and biomedicine.

Improving the Utility and Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309266335
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving the Utility and Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Improving the Utility and Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nervous system diseases and disorders are highly prevalent and substantially contribute to the overall disease burden. Despite significant information provided by the use of animal models in the understanding of the biology of nervous system disorders and the development of therapeutics; limitations have also been identified. Treatment options that are high in efficacy and low in side effects are still lacking for many diseases and, in some cases are nonexistent. A particular problem in drug development is the high rate of attrition in Phase II and III clinical trials. Why do many therapeutics show promise in preclinical animal models but then fail to elicit predicted effects when tested in humans? On March 28 and 29, 2012, the Institute of Medicine Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders convened the workshop "Improving Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders" to discuss potential opportunities for maximizing the translation of new therapies from animal models to clinical practice. The primary focus of the workshop was to examine mechanisms for increasing the efficiency of translational neuroscience research through discussions about how and when to use animal models most effectively and then best approaches for the interpretation of the data collected. Specifically, the workshop objectives were to: discuss key issues that contribute to poor translation of animal models in nervous system disorders, examine case studies that highlight successes and failures in the development and application of animal models, consider strategies to increase the scientific rigor of preclinical efficacy testing, explore the benefits and challenges to developing standardized animal and behavioral models. Improving the Utility and Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders: Workshop Summary also identifies methods to facilitate development of corresponding animal and clinical endpoints, indentifies methods that would maximize bidirectional translation between basic and clinical research and determines the next steps that will be critical for improvement of the development and testing of animal models of disorders of the nervous system.

The Design and Statistical Analysis of Animal Experiments

Author : Simon T. Bate
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107030781
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Design and Statistical Analysis of Animal Experiments by : Simon T. Bate

Download or read book The Design and Statistical Analysis of Animal Experiments written by Simon T. Bate and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-13 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will provide scientists with a better understanding of statistics, improving their decision-making and reducing animal use.

Animal Experimentation

Author : Kathrin Herrmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789004356184
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (561 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Experimentation by : Kathrin Herrmann

Download or read book Animal Experimentation written by Kathrin Herrmann and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change critically appraises current animal use in science and discusses ways in which we can contribute to a paradigm change towards human-biology based approaches.

The Design of Animal Experiments

Author : Michael Festing
Publisher : SAGE Publications Limited
ISBN 13 : 9781473974630
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (746 download)

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Book Synopsis The Design of Animal Experiments by : Michael Festing

Download or read book The Design of Animal Experiments written by Michael Festing and published by SAGE Publications Limited. This book was released on 2016-12-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where there is no alternative to the use of animals in biomedical research, it is important that experiments are well designed and correctly analysed in order to minimise pain and maximize the chance of getting scientifically valid results. Experiments that use too few animals may fail to pick up biologically important effects, while those who use them incorrectly or wastefully may get invalid results while subjecting the animals to unnecessary pain, distress or lasting harm. The Design of Animal Experiments is intended for all research scientists who use laboratory animals, with the aim of helping them to design their own experiments more effectively and/or to improve their ability to communicate with professional statisticians when necessary. It covers all randomised controlled experimental designs likely to be needed in laboratory animal research, with worked examples showing how they can be statistically analysed. It suggests the more widespread use of randomised block designs and shows how both males and females can be included in an experiment without the need to increase the total number of animals by using factorial designs. It also includes guidance on the choice of experimental animals. The book covers the learning outcomes of Module 10 and part (ii) of Module 11 of education and training under Directive 2010/63/EU.

ILAR News

Author : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis ILAR News by : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.)

Download or read book ILAR News written by Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Experimental Design for Laboratory Biologists

Author : Stanley E. Lazic
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316810674
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (168 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Design for Laboratory Biologists by : Stanley E. Lazic

Download or read book Experimental Design for Laboratory Biologists written by Stanley E. Lazic and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-08 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specifically intended for lab-based biomedical researchers, this practical guide shows how to design experiments that are reproducible, with low bias, high precision, and widely applicable results. With specific examples from research using both cell cultures and model organisms, it explores key ideas in experimental design, assesses common designs, and shows how to plan a successful experiment. It demonstrates how to control biological and technical factors that can introduce bias or add noise, and covers rarely discussed topics such as graphical data exploration, choosing outcome variables, data quality control checks, and data pre-processing. It also shows how to use R for analysis, and is designed for those with no prior experience. An accompanying website (https://stanlazic.github.io/EDLB.html) includes all R code, data sets, and the labstats R package. This is an ideal guide for anyone conducting lab-based biological research, from students to principle investigators working in either academia or industry.

Essentials of Laboratory Animal Science: Principles and Practices

Author : P. Nagarajan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981160987X
Total Pages : 797 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Essentials of Laboratory Animal Science: Principles and Practices by : P. Nagarajan

Download or read book Essentials of Laboratory Animal Science: Principles and Practices written by P. Nagarajan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-23 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively reviews the anatomy, physiology, genetics and pathology of laboratory animals as well as the principles and practices of using laboratory animals for biomedical research.It covers the design of buildings used for laboratory animals, quality control of laboratory animals, and toxicology, and discusses various animal models used for human diseases. It also highlights aspects, such as handling and restraint and administration of drugs, as well as breeding and feeding of laboratory animals, and provides guidelines for developing meaningful experiments using laboratory animals.Further, the book discusses various alternatives to animal experiments for drug and chemical testing, including their advantages over the current approaches. Lastly, it examines the potential effect of harmful pathogens on the physiology of laboratory animals and discusses the state of art in in vivo imaging techniques.The book is a useful resource for research scientists, laboratory animal veterinarians, and students of laboratory animal medicine.

Mouse Behavioral Testing

Author : Douglas Wahlsten
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123756758
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (237 download)

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Book Synopsis Mouse Behavioral Testing by : Douglas Wahlsten

Download or read book Mouse Behavioral Testing written by Douglas Wahlsten and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mouse Behavioral Testing: How to Use Mice in Behavioral Neuroscience provides detailed explanations of how to conduct an experiment on mouse behavior from the initial planning of the research design through every step of the process until the data analysis phase. The book discusses the practical matters that need to be considered carefully when working with any species of animal, such as how many animals need to be tested. It describes the tests and techniques devised specifically for work with mice. Every step of the research process is illustrated with real situations encountered in previous studies. All examples are based on real experiments, and extensive details of several published experiments are provided. The essential features of a behavioral test protocol are outlined, and several complete protocols are provided. Methods to balance the order of tests and determine throughput are described, then a completely balanced order of tests in a complex experiment is presented. The book will be useful for those already familiar with the general principles of research but are new to the realm of behavioral testing of live mice. It will also serve as a text for a formal course, most likely at the graduate level. - A guide to running a behavioral testing lab, including the many aspects of mouse research beyond the confines of the specific test - Diagrams and photographs are shown for many kinds of apparatus and test situations with sufficient details such as dimensions to enable building of replicas - Provides step-by-step instructions on planning and executing behavioral experiments in order to run them successfully

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309154006
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by : National Research Council

Download or read book Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A respected resource for decades, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals has been updated by a committee of experts, taking into consideration input from the scientific and laboratory animal communities and the public at large. The Guide incorporates new scientific information on common laboratory animals, including aquatic species, and includes extensive references. It is organized around major components of animal use: Key concepts of animal care and use. The Guide sets the framework for the humane care and use of laboratory animals. Animal care and use program. The Guide discusses the concept of a broad Program of Animal Care and Use, including roles and responsibilities of the Institutional Official, Attending Veterinarian and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Animal environment, husbandry, and management. A chapter on this topic is now divided into sections on terrestrial and aquatic animals and provides recommendations for housing and environment, husbandry, behavioral and population management, and more. Veterinary care. The Guide discusses veterinary care and the responsibilities of the Attending Veterinarian. It includes recommendations on animal procurement and transportation, preventive medicine (including animal biosecurity), and clinical care and management. The Guide addresses distress and pain recognition and relief, and issues surrounding euthanasia. Physical plant. The Guide identifies design issues, providing construction guidelines for functional areas; considerations such as drainage, vibration and noise control, and environmental monitoring; and specialized facilities for animal housing and research needs. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals provides a framework for the judgments required in the management of animal facilities. This updated and expanded resource of proven value will be important to scientists and researchers, veterinarians, animal care personnel, facilities managers, institutional administrators, policy makers involved in research issues, and animal welfare advocates.

Reproducibility and Replicability in Science

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309486165
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Reproducibility and Replicability in Science by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.

The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique

Author : William Moy Stratton Russell
Publisher : Hyperion Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.U/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique by : William Moy Stratton Russell

Download or read book The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique written by William Moy Stratton Russell and published by Hyperion Books. This book was released on 1992 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309392020
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-29 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Questions about the reproducibility of scientific research have been raised in numerous settings and have gained visibility through several high-profile journal and popular press articles. Quantitative issues contributing to reproducibility challenges have been considered (including improper data measurement and analysis, inadequate statistical expertise, and incomplete data, among others), but there is no clear consensus on how best to approach or to minimize these problems. A lack of reproducibility of scientific results has created some distrust in scientific findings among the general public, scientists, funding agencies, and industries. While studies fail for a variety of reasons, many factors contribute to the lack of perfect reproducibility, including insufficient training in experimental design, misaligned incentives for publication and the implications for university tenure, intentional manipulation, poor data management and analysis, and inadequate instances of statistical inference. The workshop summarized in this report was designed not to address the social and experimental challenges but instead to focus on the latter issues of improper data management and analysis, inadequate statistical expertise, incomplete data, and difficulties applying sound statistic inference to the available data. Many efforts have emerged over recent years to draw attention to and improve reproducibility of scientific work. This report uniquely focuses on the statistical perspective of three issues: the extent of reproducibility, the causes of reproducibility failures, and the potential remedies for these failures.

Psychological Science Under Scrutiny

Author : Scott O. Lilienfeld
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118661044
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychological Science Under Scrutiny by : Scott O. Lilienfeld

Download or read book Psychological Science Under Scrutiny written by Scott O. Lilienfeld and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-03 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychological Science Under Scrutiny explores a range of contemporary challenges to the assumptions and methodologies of psychology, in order to encourage debate and ground the discipline in solid science. Discusses the pointed challenges posed by critics to the field of psychological research, which have given pause to psychological researchers across a broad spectrum of sub-fields Argues that those conducting psychological research need to fundamentally change the way they think about data and results, in order to ensure that psychology has a firm basis in empirical science Places the recent challenges discussed into a broad historical and conceptual perspective, and considers their implications for the future of psychological methodology and research Challenges discussed include confirmation bias, the effects of grant pressure, false-positive findings, overestimating the efficacy of medications, and high correlations in functional brain imaging Chapters are authored by internationally recognized experts in their fields, and are written with a minimum of specialized terminology to ensure accessibility to students and lay readers

International Animal Research Regulations

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309252113
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis International Animal Research Regulations by : National Research Council

Download or read book International Animal Research Regulations written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animals are widely used in neuroscience research to explore biological mechanisms of nervous system function, to identify the genetic basis of disease states, and to provide models of human disorders and diseases for the development of new treatments. To ensure the humane care and use of animals, numerous laws, policies, and regulations are in place governing the use of animals in research, and certain animal regulations have implications specific to neuroscience research. To consider animal research regulations from a global perspective, the IOM Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders, in collaboration with the National Research Council and the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, held a workshop in Buckinghamshire, UK, July 26-27, 2011. The workshop brought together neuroscientists, legal scholars, administrators, and other key stakeholders to discuss current and emerging trends in animal regulations as they apply to the neurosciences. This document summarizes the workshop.