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Exchange Coupling And Giant Magnetoresistance In Nickel Iron Copper Multilayers
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Book Synopsis Exchange Coupling and Giant Magnetoresistance in Nickel-iron/copper Multilayers by : Kevin Pettit
Download or read book Exchange Coupling and Giant Magnetoresistance in Nickel-iron/copper Multilayers written by Kevin Pettit and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years interlayer exchange coupling and giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in transition metal ferromagnet/nonmagnetic multilayers have been extensively studied. Bilinear interlayer exchange favors the collinear alignment of the magnetization of adjacent ferromagnetic layers, oscillates with the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer layer, and has been observed in a large number of magnetic multilayer and trilayer systems. Biquadratic exchange favors the perpendicular alignment of the magnetization of adjacent ferromagnetic layers and has been observed in several magnetic multilayer and trilayer systems. Unlike bilinear exchange, the origins of biquadratic exchange are uncertain. Generally, biquadratic exchange is significantly weaker than bilinear exchange. The connection between the magnetic configuration, which is determined by the interlayer coupling, and the magnetoresistance is well established. The GMR effect occurs when the antiferromagnetically aligned moments of alternating magnetic layers are brought into alignment by an external magnetic field. This causes a dramatic drop in the electrical resistance. Much of the interest in magnetic multilayers stems from the many possible applications of the GMR effect. This work is a study of biquadratic coupling and its effects on the magnetic phase diagram and giant magnetoresistance of sputter grown single crystal NiFe/Cu multilayers. It is often difficult to determine the bilinear and biquadratic coupling strengths separately, particularly in samples with pinhole defects in the spacer layers, because the zero field configuration of the moments is not easily determined. However, I will show that under certain conditions biquadratic coupling can lead to configurations in which the net magnetization of the coupled magnetic moments is not aligned parallel to the applied magnetic field. In samples with magnetocrystalline anisotropy, these asymmetric configurations lead to a novel minimum in the GMR at low fields when the field is applied along the hard axis of magnetization. In such cases, the bilinear and biquadratic coupling strengths can be determined from resistance measurements only. In this work the magnetic phase diagram is calculated for a two layer system with bilinear coupling, biquadratic coupling and magnetocrystalline anisotropy. New asymmetric configurations, some of which cannot be determined analytically, are found. Numerical simulations confirm the contribution of these configurations to the GMR and the accuracy of the interlayer coupling strengths extracted from the magnetoresistance data. These measurements indicate that the biquadratic coupling can be considerably stronger than predicted theoretically. The data are found to be inconsistent with the intrinsic, loose spin, dipole field, and fluctuation models of biquadratic coupling. To explain the data I propose a new model in which ferromagnetic coupling through pinholes in the spacer layer, combined with the antiferromagnetic bilinear coupling, frustrates the magnetic layers and leads to orthogonal coupling. Unlike the fluctuation model, the pinhole-frustration model allows for very strong biquadratic coupling. Although the pinhole mechanism can lead to biquadratic coupling, closer analysis reveals that the bilinear-biquadratic formalism may break down for strong frustration.
Book Synopsis Exchange Coupling and Giant Magnetoresistance in NiFe/Cu Multilayers by : Kevin Pettit
Download or read book Exchange Coupling and Giant Magnetoresistance in NiFe/Cu Multilayers written by Kevin Pettit and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Giant Magnetoresistance of Electrochemically Produced Copper-nickel Multilayers by : Yan Zhang
Download or read book Giant Magnetoresistance of Electrochemically Produced Copper-nickel Multilayers written by Yan Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Keith D. (Keith Dane) Bird Publisher :National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada ISBN 13 :9780612013872 Total Pages :218 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (138 download)
Book Synopsis Giant Magnetoresistance in Electrodeposited Nickel-copper and Cobalt-copper Multilayers [microform] by : Keith D. (Keith Dane) Bird
Download or read book Giant Magnetoresistance in Electrodeposited Nickel-copper and Cobalt-copper Multilayers [microform] written by Keith D. (Keith Dane) Bird and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1994 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exchange Coupling and Noncollinear Magnetic States in Ni/Fen/Ni(1 0 0) Multilayers by :
Download or read book Exchange Coupling and Noncollinear Magnetic States in Ni/Fen/Ni(1 0 0) Multilayers written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oscillatory Interlayer Exchange Coupling in Metallic Magnetic Multilayers by : Mauro Santos Ferreira
Download or read book Oscillatory Interlayer Exchange Coupling in Metallic Magnetic Multilayers written by Mauro Santos Ferreira and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interlayer Exchange Coupling in Magnetic Multilayers by : Byungchan Lee
Download or read book Interlayer Exchange Coupling in Magnetic Multilayers written by Byungchan Lee and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of the exchange coupling between ferromagnetic layers separated by nonmagnetic spacer layers has stimulated a great deal of interest recently. We present a theoretical study of the interlayer coupling in magnetic multilayers using two theoretical approaches. One such approach is to invoke the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) theory, which is more relevant to the multilayer system in which localized magnetic moments interact weakly with conduction electrons. The other is based on spin-dependent band structures for ferromagnetic materials, which is suitable for transition metals. The RKKY interaction in magnetic superlattices is calculated within a one-band tight-binding model. An accurate and efficient integration scheme in momentum space is introduced to calculate the RKKY exchange interaction in superlattices. This is accomplished by writing the superlattice states in terms of linear combinations of complex-band solutions in analytic form, and dividing the integration domain into many subregions according to the shape of the superlattice Fermi surface in order to take into account the singularities in one-dimensional density of states. The results are compared to those obtained from using the bulk wave functions of the spacer layer and apparent deviations due to the superlattice effect are noted. The effects of quantum-well states on the RKKY coupling in magnetic multilayers are also studied based on an effective-mass model with a single quantum well or a superlattice potential. It is found that the oscillation period is determined by the nesting vector of the Fermi surface of the spacer regardless of the depth of the quantum well, while the coupling strength and the phase of oscillation are affected by the presence of the quantum well. The magnetic-layer thickness dependence of the RKKY coupling for the superlattice is investigated. It is found that the RKKY coupling integrated over the magnetic layer is a strong oscillatory function of the magnetic-layer thickness with a period related to the nesting vector of the Fermi surface for the magnetic material. The coupling across a quantum barrier is also studied. The coupling strengths associated with different oscillation periods in Co/Cu/Co sandwiches for different orientations are calculated based on the spin-asymmetry of the reflection amplitude at extremal points. A realistic tight-binding model which includes $s, psp3,$ and $dsp5$ orbitals is adopted to calculate the reflection amplitudes. At the interface, all evanescent states are included to meet proper boundary conditions. The spin-asymmetry of the reflection amplitude which is the crucial factor for determining the coupling strength is found to depend on the details of the band structures. Unique features are found when there are more than one reflected waves, which do not exist in the single-band model. For certain periods inferred from the spacer Fermi surface, the coupling strengths are found too small to be detected.
Book Synopsis An Investigation Into the Effect of Annealing on the Giant Magnetoresistance of Electrodeposited Co-Ni-Cu/Cu Multilayers by : Marc V. Bennett
Download or read book An Investigation Into the Effect of Annealing on the Giant Magnetoresistance of Electrodeposited Co-Ni-Cu/Cu Multilayers written by Marc V. Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exchange Coupling in Perpendicular Magnetic Multilayers by : M. M. H. Willekens
Download or read book Exchange Coupling in Perpendicular Magnetic Multilayers written by M. M. H. Willekens and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hardness and Giant Magnetoresistance Characteristics in Electrodeposited Cu/Ni Multilayer System by : Ibrahim Massuad Etreki
Download or read book Hardness and Giant Magnetoresistance Characteristics in Electrodeposited Cu/Ni Multilayer System written by Ibrahim Massuad Etreki and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Hybridization on the Exchange Coupling in Magnetic Multilayers by : John Maurice Mander
Download or read book Effect of Hybridization on the Exchange Coupling in Magnetic Multilayers written by John Maurice Mander and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thin Film Magnetoresistive Sensors by : S Tumanski
Download or read book Thin Film Magnetoresistive Sensors written by S Tumanski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-08 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin Film Magnetoresistive Sensors presents a comprehensive review of thin film magnetoresistive (MR) sensors, including the theory of MR effects as well as the design, fabrication, properties, and applications of MR sensors. With over 1,000 references, the book fully reviews the theory, development, and use of these sensors. It provides essential information about the performance of various kinds of sensors, including permalloy magnetoresistors, spin valve sensors, multilayer sensors, colossal effect sensors, spin dependent tunneling sensors, and magnetoimpedance sensors.
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Magnetic Properties and Structure Characterization of Nickel Iron-based Spin Valve Multilayer Structures by : Chien-Li Lin
Download or read book Magnetic Properties and Structure Characterization of Nickel Iron-based Spin Valve Multilayer Structures written by Chien-Li Lin and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spintronics Handbook, Second Edition: Spin Transport and Magnetism by : Evgeny Y. Tsymbal
Download or read book Spintronics Handbook, Second Edition: Spin Transport and Magnetism written by Evgeny Y. Tsymbal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spintronics Handbook, Second Edition offers an update on the single most comprehensive survey of the two intertwined fields of spintronics and magnetism, covering the diverse array of materials and structures, including silicon, organic semiconductors, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and engineered nanostructures. It focuses on seminal pioneering work, together with the latest in cutting-edge advances, notably extended discussion of two-dimensional materials beyond graphene, topological insulators, skyrmions, and molecular spintronics. The main sections cover physical phenomena, spin-dependent tunneling, control of spin and magnetism in semiconductors, and spin-based applications.
Book Synopsis Metal Based Thin Films for Electronics by : Klaus Wetzig
Download or read book Metal Based Thin Films for Electronics written by Klaus Wetzig and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date handbook covers the main topics of preparation, characterization and properties of complex metal-based layer systems. The authors -- an outstanding group of researchers -- discuss advanced methods for structure, chemical and electronic state characterization with reference to the properties of thin functional layers, such as metallization and barrier layers for microelectronics, magnetoresistive layers for GMR and TMR, sensor and resistance layers. As such, the book addresses materials specialists in industry, especially in microelectronics, as well as scientists, and can also be recommended for advanced studies in materials science, analytics, surface and solid state science.
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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