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Author : Miriam Heingård
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789187847615
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (476 download)
Download or read book Exceptional Fossil Preservation: Implications for Palaeobiology and Taphonomy written by Miriam Heingård and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David J. Bottjer
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231102542
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)
Download or read book Exceptional Fossil Preservation written by David J. Bottjer and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most nonscientists are usually aware of fossils, and it is commonly believed that they are extremely rare. In fact, fossils are exceptionally common in many sedimentary rocks and are used extensively in geology for age dating, interpretation of ancient environments, and the discovery of natural resources. However, there is another type of fossil deposit that is truly rare. These rare fossil deposits, called Lagerstätten, preserve the remains of the soft tissues or the articulated skeletal remains of ancient creatures in truly astonishing fine detail. Some of these deposits are world-famous, such as the Burgess Shale, or Solnhofen but there are others dating from many different geological eras from the Paleozoic, up to the Eocene. Recently, a concerted effort has been made to understand the overall significance of these rare fossil deposits. Whereas in the past these deposits were considered novelties, modern researchers are trying to understand what they can tell us about ancient life and environments. New sophisticated techniques (including image and geochemical analyses) are providing enormous new contributions to our knowledge of Lagerstätten sites and to paleobiology in general. This volume describes many of the most famous Lagerstätten locations worldwide and is complete with over 70 superb halftones showing some of these exotic fossils in all their glory. Paleontologists are beginning to understand why such deposits occur, how they have varied since the advent of marine metazoan life, and how their presence effects our understanding of the evolution of life in the Earth's oceans. In this way, the study of Lagerstätten continues to move towards the mainstream of paleobiological, biological, and geological research, and away from its former status as the examination of mere curiosities. All those interested in these beautiful and sometimes enigmatic deposits will want to own this book.
Author : Peter A. Allison
Publisher : Plenum Publishing Corporation
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Taphonomy written by Peter A. Allison and published by Plenum Publishing Corporation. This book was released on 1991 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taphonomy encompasses the variety of biological, physical, and chemical processes which determine the extent and style of fossil preservation. The text/reference features reviews of major research areas and presents new models of taphonomic/diagenetic processes. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc.
Author : Anna K. Behrensmeyer
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226041530
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)
Download or read book Fossils in the Making written by Anna K. Behrensmeyer and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1988-02-15 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the first interdisciplinary discussions of taphonomy (the study of how fossil assemblages are formed) and paleoecology (the reconstruction of ancient ecosystems), this volume helped establish these relatively new disciplines. It was originally published as part of the influential Prehistoric Archeology and Ecology series. "Taphonomy is plainly here to stay, and this book makes a first class introduction to its range and appeal."—Anthony Smith, Interdisciplinary Science Reviews
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309066344
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Size Limits of Very Small Microorganisms written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-10-13 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How small can a free-living organism be? On the surface, this question is straightforward-in principle, the smallest cells can be identified and measured. But understanding what factors determine this lower limit, and addressing the host of other questions that follow on from this knowledge, require a fundamental understanding of the chemistry and ecology of cellular life. The recent report of evidence for life in a martian meteorite and the prospect of searching for biological signatures in intelligently chosen samples from Mars and elsewhere bring a new immediacy to such questions. How do we recognize the morphological or chemical remnants of life in rocks deposited 4 billion years ago on another planet? Are the empirical limits on cell size identified by observation on Earth applicable to life wherever it may occur, or is minimum size a function of the particular chemistry of an individual planetary surface? These questions formed the focus of a workshop on the size limits of very small organisms, organized by the Steering .Group for the Workshop on Size Limits of Very Small Microorganisms and held on October 22 and 23, 1998. Eighteen invited panelists, representing fields ranging from cell biology and molecular genetics to paleontology and mineralogy, joined with an almost equal number of other participants in a wide-ranging exploration of minimum cell size and the challenge of interpreting micro- and nano-scale features of sedimentary rocks found on Earth or elsewhere in the solar system. This document contains the proceedings of that workshop. It includes position papers presented by the individual panelists, arranged by panel, along with a summary, for each of the four sessions, of extensive roundtable discussions that involved the panelists as well as other workshop participants.
Author : S. K. Donovan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780231076746
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (767 download)
Download or read book The Processes of Fossilization written by S. K. Donovan and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: -- J. Michael Parrish, Northern Illinois University
Author : Ronald E. Martin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316582671
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)
Download or read book Taphonomy written by Ronald E. Martin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-10-28 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taphonomy: A Process Approach is the first book to review the entire field of taphonomy, or the science of fossil preservation. It describes the formation of animal and plant fossils in marine and terrestrial settings and how this affects deciphering the ecology and extinction of past lifeforms and the environments in which they lived. The volume emphasises a process approach to taphonomy and reviews the taphonomic behaviour of all important taxa, plant and animal. It will be useful to anyone interested in the preservation of fossils and the formation of fossil assemblages, but it is aimed primarily at advanced students and professionals working in paleontology, stratigraphy, sedimentology, climate modeling and biogeochemistry.
Author : Julien Louys
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642250386
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)
Download or read book Paleontology in Ecology and Conservation written by Julien Louys and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-25 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fossil record contains unique long-term insights into how ecosystems form and function which cannot be determined simply by examining modern systems. It also provides a record of endangered species through time, which allow us to make conservation decisions based on thousands to millions of years of information. The aim of this book is to demonstrate how palaeontological data has been or could be incorporated into ecological or conservation scientific studies. This book will be written by palaeontologists for modern ecologists and conservation scientists. Manuscripts will fall into one (or a combination) of four broad categories: case studies, review articles, practical considerations and future directions. This book will serve as both a ‘how to guide’ and provide the current state of knowledge for this type of research. It will highlight the unique and critical insights that can be gained by the inclusion of palaeontological data into modern ecological or conservation studies.
Author : Miquel de Renzi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Current Topics on Taphonomy and Fossilization written by Miquel de Renzi and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pat Shipman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Life History of a Fossil written by Pat Shipman and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text sets forth in a clearly understandable way methods of analyzing how animal remains are acted upon and altered, both by biological and geological phenomena, in their passage from the biosphere of bones and carcass into the lithosphere of fossils. I
Author : David J. Bottjer
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780231102551
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (25 download)
Download or read book Exceptional Fossil Preservation written by David J. Bottjer and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most nonscientists are usually aware of fossils, and it is commonly believed that they are extremely rare. In fact, fossils are exceptionally common in many sedimentary rocks and are used extensively in geology for age dating, interpretation of ancient environments, and the discovery of natural resources. However, there is another type of fossil deposit that is truly rare. These rare fossil deposits, called Lagerstätten, preserve the remains of the soft tissues or the articulated skeletal remains of ancient creatures in truly astonishing fine detail. Some of these deposits are world-famous, such as the Burgess Shale, or Solnhofen but there are others dating from many different geological eras from the Paleozoic, up to the Eocene. Recently, a concerted effort has been made to understand the overall significance of these rare fossil deposits. Whereas in the past these deposits were considered novelties, modern researchers are trying to understand what they can tell us about ancient life and environments. New sophisticated techniques (including image and geochemical analyses) are providing enormous new contributions to our knowledge of Lagerstätten sites and to paleobiology in general. This volume describes many of the most famous Lagerstätten locations worldwide and is complete with over 70 superb halftones showing some of these exotic fossils in all their glory. Paleontologists are beginning to understand why such deposits occur, how they have varied since the advent of marine metazoan life, and how their presence effects our understanding of the evolution of life in the Earth's oceans. In this way, the study of Lagerstätten continues to move towards the mainstream of paleobiological, biological, and geological research, and away from its former status as the examination of mere curiosities. All those interested in these beautiful and sometimes enigmatic deposits will want to own this book.
Author : Michael J. Benton
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118685407
Total Pages : 1001 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Paleobiology and the Fossil Record written by Michael J. Benton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 1001 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive overview of the science of the history of life. Paleobiologists bring many analytical tools to bear in interpreting the fossil record and the book introduces the latest techniques, from multivariate investigations of biogeography and biostratigraphy to engineering analysis of dinosaur skulls, and from homeobox genes to cladistics. All the well-known fossil groups are included, including microfossils and invertebrates, but an important feature is the thorough coverage of plants, vertebrates and trace fossils together with discussion of the origins of both life and the metazoans. All key related subjects are introduced, such as systematics, ecology, evolution and development, stratigraphy and their roles in understanding where life came from and how it evolved and diversified. Unique features of the book are the numerous case studies from current research that lead students to the primary literature, analytical and mathematical explanations and tools, together with associated problem sets and practical schedules for instructors and students. “..any serious student of geology who does not pick this book off the shelf will be putting themselves at a huge disadvantage. The material may be complex, but the text is extremely accessible and well organized, and the book ought to be essential reading for palaeontologists at undergraduate, postgraduate and more advanced levels—both in Britain as well as in North America.” Falcon-Lang, H., Proc. Geol. Assoc. 2010 “...this is an excellent introduction to palaeontology in general. It is well structured, accessibly written and pleasantly informative .....I would recommend this as a standard reference text to all my students without hesitation.” David Norman Geol Mag 2010 Companion website This book includes a companion website at: www.blackwellpublishing.com/paleobiology The website includes: · An ongoing database of additional Practical’s prepared by the authors · Figures from the text for downloading · Useful links for each chapter · Updates from the authors
Author : Gregory P. Dietl
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022650686X
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)
Download or read book Conservation Paleobiology written by Gregory P. Dietl and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-17 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In conservation, perhaps no better example exists of the past informing the present than the return of the California condor to the Vermilion Cliffs of Arizona. Extinct in the region for nearly one hundred years, condors were successfully reintroduced starting in the 1990s in an effort informed by the fossil record—condor skeletal remains had been found in the area’s late-Pleistocene cave deposits. The potential benefits of applying such data to conservation initiatives are unquestionably great, yet integrating the relevant disciplines has proven challenging. Conservation Paleobiology gathers a remarkable array of scientists—from Jeremy B. C. Jackson to Geerat J. Vermeij—to provide an authoritative overview of how paleobiology can inform both the management of threatened species and larger conservation decisions. Studying endangered species is difficult. They are by definition rare, some exist only in captivity, and for those still in their native habitats any experimentation can potentially have a negative effect on survival. Moreover, a lack of long-term data makes it challenging to anticipate biotic responses to environmental conditions that are outside of our immediate experience. But in the fossil and prefossil records—from natural accumulations such as reefs, shell beds, and caves to human-made deposits like kitchen middens and archaeological sites—enlightening parallels to the Anthropocene can be found that might serve as a primer for present-day predicaments. Offering both deep-time and near-time perspectives and exploring a range of ecological and evolutionary dynamics and taxa from terrestrial as well as aquatic habitats, Conservation Paleobiology is a sterling demonstration of how the past can be used to manage for the future, giving new hope for the creation and implementation of successful conservation programs.
Author : S. Kathleen Lyons
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022661834X
Total Pages : 787 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (266 download)
Download or read book Foundations of Paleoecology written by S. Kathleen Lyons and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2019-12-13 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 99% of all life that has ever existed is extinct. Fortunately, these long dead species have left traces of their lives and interactions with other species in the rock record that paleoecologists use to understand how species and ecosystems have changed over time. This record of past life allows us to study the dynamic nature of the Earth and gives context to current and future ecological challenges. This book brings together forty-four classic papers published between 1924 and 1999 that trace the origins and development of paleoecology. The articles cross taxonomic groups, habitat types, geographic areas, and time and have made substantial contributions to our knowledge of the evolution of life. Encompassing the full breadth of paleoecology, the book is divided into six parts: community and ecosystem dynamics, community reconstruction, diversity dynamics, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, species interaction, and taphonomy. Each paper is also introduced by a contemporary expert who gives context and explains its importance to ongoing paleoecological research. A comprehensive introduction to the field, Foundations of Paleoecology will be an essential reference for new students and established paleoecologists alike.
Author : Raymond R. Rogers
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226723739
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)
Download or read book Bonebeds written by Raymond R. Rogers and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vertebrate fossil record extends back more than 500 million years, and bonebeds—localized concentrations of the skeletal remains of vertebrate animals—help unlock the secrets of this long history. Often spectacularly preserved, bonebeds—both modern and ancient—can reveal more about life histories, ecological associations, and preservation patterns than any single skeleton or bone. For this reason, bonebeds are frequently studied by paleobiologists, geologists, and archeologists seeking to piece together the vertebrate record. Thirteen respected researchers combine their experiences in Bonebeds, providing readers with workable definitions, theoretical frameworks, and a compendium of modern techniques in bonebed data collection and analysis. By addressing the historical, theoretical, and practical aspects of bonebed research, this edited volume—the first of its kind—provides the background and methods that students and professionals need to explore and understand these fantastic records of ancient life and death.
Author : Peter A. Allison
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9048186439
Total Pages : 603 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)
Download or read book Taphonomy written by Peter A. Allison and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-03 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taphonomic bias is a pervasive feature of the fossil record. A pressing concern, however, is the extent to which taphonomic processes have varied through the ages. It is one thing to work with a biased data set and quite another to work with a bias that has changed with time. This book includes work from both new and established researchers who are using laboratory, field and data-base techniques to characterise and quantify the temporal and spatial variation in taphonomic bias. It may not provide all the answers but it will at least shed light on the right questions.
Author : Sharon Audrey Newman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Taphonomic Studies of Fossil Preservation in Coarse-grained Siliciclastic Environments written by Sharon Audrey Newman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ediacaran and early Cambrian sandy and silty sediments commonly preserve microbial fossils and textures as well as the fossils of soft-bodied organisms. The rarity of similar fossils and textures in coarse-grained siliciclastic strata of the later Phanerozoic suggests that a taphonomic window facilitated this mode of fossil preservation. However, environmental and biological factors that promoted fossilization remain unclear. To experimentally identify mechanisms of preservation in siliciclastic sediments, cyanobacteria and soft tissues (scallop adductor muscles) were incubated in silica sand or clay minerals for up to two months. Clay mineral veneers coated both cyanobacterial filaments and the surfaces of soft tissues and were formed by two main processes: 1) the adhesion of fine particles from the sediment and 2) the precipitation of authigenic minerals. Photosynthetic, sheathed microorganisms were best preserved in the presence of high concentrations of dissolved silica (>0. 1 mM) and suspended fine particles (>5.6 mg/L) in solution. We showed that these organisms could be preserved in oxic environments and that the degradation of cyanobacteria by heterotrophic microorganisms was not necessary for fossilization. In contrast, soft tissues buried in sand/clay were preserved under anaerobic conditions and mineral veneers around them contained reduced iron. All scallops decayed in the presence of endogenous bacteria and the redox cycling of iron that included the microbial reduction of iron(III). We showed that the early precipitation of silica and the formation of microbial death masks is not critical for preservation. Additionally, when the degradation of soft tissues advanced within the first 15 to 30 days, all soft tissues decayed completely and left no morphological imprint. Taken together, these results show that the early microbial reduction of iron(III) present in sedimentary minerals and the formation of mineral veneers are critical for the preservation of organic material. The same processes may have facilitated the formation of exceptionally preserved fossils and textures throughout the Ediacaran and early Cambrian. Future studies should focus on the roles of iron redox cycling, sediment composition and microbial metabolisms in the preservation of soft tissues to better understand mechanisms for Ediacaran-style preservation in siliciclastic environments.
