Examining Health and Mental Health Disparities Between Sexual Minority Youth and Heterosexual Youth in the United States

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Examining Health and Mental Health Disparities Between Sexual Minority Youth and Heterosexual Youth in the United States by : Savarra K. Tadeo

Download or read book Examining Health and Mental Health Disparities Between Sexual Minority Youth and Heterosexual Youth in the United States written by Savarra K. Tadeo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although various studies and systematic reviews have found an association between sexual orientation and health and mental health outcomes, few studies have examined a specific sample of adolescents aged 14 to 18 years of age that is generalizable to the entire United States population, while applying minority stress theory and general strain theory to a host of negative mental health outcomes and health risk behaviors in one study. The objective of this thesis is to examine a host of health and mental health outcomes among youth aged 14 to 18 years from a study generalizable to the entire United States population, while also applying minority stress theory and general strain theory, to find out whether sexual minority youth are at greater risk of experiencing poor health and mental health outcomes than their heterosexual peers. Controlling for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, this thesis examined a host of health and mental health outcomes among youth to find out whether sexual minority youth are at greater risk of experiencing poor health and mental health outcomes than their heterosexual peers. Data for this study came Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). A sample of 14,547 youth aged 14-18 years (50.1% female) was analyzed using weighted binary logistic regression to determine the association between sexual orientation and 24 dependent variables in the following categories: school safety and violent behaviors, victimization, mental health, suicidal behaviors, substance use, obesity, and protective factors. Of the 14,547 youth examined, 85.4% self-identified as heterosexual, 2.4% as lesbian/gay, 7.9% as bisexual, and 4.2% as unsure. Controlling for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, youth who self-identified as sexual minority (lesbian/gay, bisexual or unsure) were significantly more likely to engage in violent behaviors, be victimized, report poor mental health, engage in suicidal behaviors, engage in substance use, and be obese (adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.42 to 6.38) compared to youth M.S.W. Thesis 3 who self-identified as heterosexual. Youth who self-identified as sexual minority were significantly less likely to describe themselves as earning mostly A's or B's, played on a sports team, or were physically active (adjusted odds ratios ranged from 0.51 to 0.70) compared to youth who self-identified as heterosexual. The findings of this thesis extend past research on disparities of sexual minority youth and heterosexual youth in studies involving small samples or specific geographic locations that are not generalizable to the entire United States population, and this thesis uses these findings to explore implications for social work policy and practice.

Mental Health Disparities Between Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Youth

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Mental Health Disparities Between Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Youth by : Nicole M. Stettler

Download or read book Mental Health Disparities Between Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Youth written by Nicole M. Stettler and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant body of literature has shown that sexual minority youth (SMY) are at increased risk for mental health problems, including internalizing symptoms, compared to their heterosexual peers. A recent theory suggests that difficulties with emotion regulation may be underlying these disparities, and preliminary evidence supports emotion regulation as a mechanism of risk. However, research to date has only examined a few aspects of emotion regulation among SMY. Furthermore, despite evidence from the broader developmental literature that having a positive parent-child relationship supports youth’s emotion regulation, no studies have examined how the parent-child relationship may buffer SMY from difficulties with emotion regulation and subsequent mental health symptoms. The current study examined the relationship between sexual minority status, emotion regulation strategies, and internalizing symptoms, as well as the role of positive quality of the parent-child relationship. A sample of 278 adolescents, including 38 SMY, completed questionnaires. Sexual minority status was measured by asking respondents to indicate their sexual orientation identity in a multiple-choice format. Nine emotion regulation strategies were measured using the Children’s Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Youth’s internalizing symptoms were measured using the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC). Quality of the parent-child relationship was assessed using the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment – Revised (IPPA-R). Direct effects of sexual minority status on internalizing symptoms were tested using regression. Indirect effects and conditional indirect effects were tested using an SEM framework to generate parameter estimates and bootstrapping procedures were used to estimate the effects and confidence intervals. Results suggested that sexual minority status was directly associated with more symptoms of depression, but not anxiety. Contrary to hypotheses, no indirect effects of sexual minority status on internalizing symptoms were found through any of the nine emotion regulation strategies. Furthermore, no conditional indirect effects based on quality of the parent-child relationship were found. Despite the paucity of indirect effects and conditional indirect effects, the current study provides further evidence of disparities in symptoms of depression between SMY and their heterosexual peers. The results of the current study add to what is known about the associations between sexual minority status, emotion regulation, and internalizing symptoms, and contribute to a new direction for research in this area by examining the impact of the parent-child relationship on youth’s outcomes. Implications and recommendations for future research on emotion regulation and mental health among SMY are highlighted.

Bisexual and Pansexual Identities

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429875401
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Bisexual and Pansexual Identities by : Nikki Hayfield

Download or read book Bisexual and Pansexual Identities written by Nikki Hayfield and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-12 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the invisibility and invalidation of bisexuality from the past to the present and is unique in extending the discussion to focus on contemporary and emerging identities. Nikki Hayfield draws on research from psychology and the social sciences to offer a detailed and in-depth exploration of the invisibility and invalidation of bisexuality, pansexuality, and asexuality. The book discusses how early sexologists’ understood gender and sexuality within a binary model and how this provided the underpinnings of bisexual invisibility. The existing research on biphobia and bisexual marginalisation is synthesised to explore how bisexuality has often been invisible or invalidated. Hayfield then evidences clear examples of the invisibility and invalidation of bisexuality, pansexuality, and asexuality within education, employment, mainstream mass media, and the wider culture. Throughout the book there is consideration of the impact that this invisibility and invalidation has on people’s sense of identity and on their health and wellbeing. It concludes with a discussion of how bisexuality, pansexuality, and asexuality have become somewhat more visible than in the past and the potential that visibility holds for recognition and representation. This is fascinating reading for students and academics interested in in bisexuality, pansexuality, and asexual spectrum identities and for those who have a personal interest in bisexuality, pansexuality, and asexuality.

Examining and Solving Health Disparities in the United States: Emerging Research and Opportunities

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799838757
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Examining and Solving Health Disparities in the United States: Emerging Research and Opportunities by : Green, Cheryl

Download or read book Examining and Solving Health Disparities in the United States: Emerging Research and Opportunities written by Green, Cheryl and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-05-28 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disparities in healthcare arise when there is an imbalance between opportunities to achieve optimal healthcare with access, education, and financial means. However, the difficult subject of health disparities in healthcare and its historical origins demonstrate that culture and race may contribute to health crises of minority groups within the United States. Educating vulnerable populations on making lifestyle modifications and reducing stress without educating healthcare professionals about increasing their awareness of hidden biases, prejudgment, and discrimination, will allow health disparities to remain. Examining and Solving Health Disparities in the United States: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a critical reference book that provides discussion on the topic of inequities in healthcare that impact health disparities and serves to increase awareness on these issues. The author particularly explores health disparities from a unifying perspective that supports the understanding of why health disparities occur and how an increase in the awareness, education, and confrontation of discriminatory acts can help make changes at the organizational and societal levels. Covering topics that include cultural clashes, equity, healthcare delivery, and healthcare accessibility, this book is essential for government officials, policymakers, medical administrators, medical professionals, medical boards and directors, researchers, academicians, and students involved in gender studies, cultural studies, social justice, socioeconomics, ethics and law, government, medicine, public health, psychology, sociology, and more.

International Handbook on the Demography of Sexuality

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400755116
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (551 download)

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Book Synopsis International Handbook on the Demography of Sexuality by : Amanda K. Baumle

Download or read book International Handbook on the Demography of Sexuality written by Amanda K. Baumle and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-05-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Handbook on the Demography of Sexuality is the first book to specifically address the study of sexuality from a demographic perspective. Demographic research has largely paid little attention to sexuality as a whole, or sexual orientation in particular, other than in studies examining the “consequences” of sex – sexually transmitted infections or fertility. Instead, the content of this handbook explores population sexuality in order to describe the prevalence of sexual behaviors, desires, and identities, as well as their connections with other demographic outcomes. The focus is on analyzing sexuality as a demographic topic in its own right, rather than solely as a variable in studies of sexually transmitted infection or other health-related topics. In this book, both researchers with traditional demographic backgrounds, as well as those with training in other disciplines, provide an overview of the state of current research on population sexuality. These chapters provide a foundation for the development of research in the burgeoning field of the demography of sexuality.

Understanding the Well-Being of LGBTQI+ Populations

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309680816
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding the Well-Being of LGBTQI+ Populations by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Understanding the Well-Being of LGBTQI+ Populations written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-23 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increase in prevalence and visibility of sexually gender diverse (SGD) populations illuminates the need for greater understanding of the ways in which current laws, systems, and programs affect their well-being. Individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, asexual, transgender, non-binary, queer, or intersex, as well as those who express same-sex or -gender attractions or behaviors, will have experiences across their life course that differ from those of cisgender and heterosexual individuals. Characteristics such as age, race and ethnicity, and geographic location intersect to play a distinct role in the challenges and opportunities SGD people face. Understanding the Well-Being of LGBTQI+ Populations reviews the available evidence and identifies future research needs related to the well-being of SDG populations across the life course. This report focuses on eight domains of well-being; the effects of various laws and the legal system on SGD populations; the effects of various public policies and structural stigma; community and civic engagement; families and social relationships; education, including school climate and level of attainment; economic experiences (e.g., employment, compensation, and housing); physical and mental health; and health care access and gender-affirming interventions. The recommendations of Understanding the Well-Being of LGBTQI+ Populations aim to identify opportunities to advance understanding of how individuals experience sexuality and gender and how sexual orientation, gender identity, and intersex status affect SGD people over the life course.

Sexual and Gender Minority Health

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Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1838671463
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (386 download)

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Book Synopsis Sexual and Gender Minority Health by : Brea L. Perry

Download or read book Sexual and Gender Minority Health written by Brea L. Perry and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2021-01-15 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of Advances in Medical Sociology showcases rich theoretical and empirical contributions on SGM health and wellbeing. The chapters address a variety of topics, drawing from classic and contemporary sociological frameworks and constructs, and reflecting intersecting interdisciplinary approaches to SGM health.

The Health of Sexual Minorities

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387313346
Total Pages : 740 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis The Health of Sexual Minorities by : Ilan H. Meyer

Download or read book The Health of Sexual Minorities written by Ilan H. Meyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-12 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first concise handbook on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) health in the past few years. It breaks the myths, breaks the silence, and breaks new ground on this subject. This resource offers a multidimensional picture of LGBT health across clinical and social disciplines to give readers a full and nuanced understanding of these diverse populations. It contains real-world matters of definition and self-definition, meticulous analyses of stressor and health outcomes, a extensive coverage of research methodology concerns, and critical insights into the sociopolitical context of LGBT individuals’ health and lives.

Handbook of Evidence-Based Mental Health Practice with Sexual and Gender Minorities

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190669314
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Evidence-Based Mental Health Practice with Sexual and Gender Minorities by : John E. Pachankis

Download or read book Handbook of Evidence-Based Mental Health Practice with Sexual and Gender Minorities written by John E. Pachankis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-01 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, mental health clinical research has taken inadequate account of psychosocial disorders experienced by those who identify as sexual and gender minorities, however, researchers have recently begun developing and adapting evidence-based mental health treatment approaches for use with these groups. Handbook of Evidence-Based Mental Health Practice with Sexual and Gender Minorities offers a comprehensive array of evidence-based approaches for treating sexual and gender minority clients' mental health concerns. The interventions detailed here span a diverse spectrum of populations, including sexual and gender minority youth, transgender populations, same-sex couples, sexual minority parents, and bisexual individuals. Chapters also address numerous mental and behavioral health problems, including anxiety disorders, depression, substance abuse, trauma, body image disturbance, and sexual health. In addition to an overview of the research evidence supporting each clinical presentation and approach, chapters contain practical how-to guidance for therapists to use in their clinical practice. This book reflects a true integration of the best of sexual and gender minority research and the best of evidence-based practice research, presented by the leading experts in the field. As such it is essential reading for mental health professionals who work with these groups, as well as trainees in social work, counseling, and clinical psychology.

The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309210658
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals-often referred to under the umbrella acronym LGBT-are becoming more visible in society and more socially acknowledged, clinicians and researchers are faced with incomplete information about their health status. While LGBT populations often are combined as a single entity for research and advocacy purposes, each is a distinct population group with its own specific health needs. Furthermore, the experiences of LGBT individuals are not uniform and are shaped by factors of race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, geographical location, and age, any of which can have an effect on health-related concerns and needs. The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People assesses the state of science on the health status of LGBT populations, identifies research gaps and opportunities, and outlines a research agenda for the National Institute of Health. The report examines the health status of these populations in three life stages: childhood and adolescence, early/middle adulthood, and later adulthood. At each life stage, the committee studied mental health, physical health, risks and protective factors, health services, and contextual influences. To advance understanding of the health needs of all LGBT individuals, the report finds that researchers need more data about the demographics of these populations, improved methods for collecting and analyzing data, and an increased participation of sexual and gender minorities in research. The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People is a valuable resource for policymakers, federal agencies including the National Institute of Health (NIH), LGBT advocacy groups, clinicians, and service providers.

Troubling Intersections of Race and Sexuality

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742501904
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Troubling Intersections of Race and Sexuality by : Kevin K. Kumashiro

Download or read book Troubling Intersections of Race and Sexuality written by Kevin K. Kumashiro and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2001 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, researchers have considerably expanded our understanding of the experiences of students of color and of students who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgendered, and questioning (ie. Queer). They have provided us with rich resources for addressing racism and heterosexism; however, few have examined the unique experiences of students who are both queer and of color, and few have examined the heterosexist or white-centered nature of anti-racist or anti-heterosexist education (respectively). What of the students and educators who live and teach at the intersection of race and sexuality? By combining autobiographical accounts with qualitative and quantitative research on queer students of different racial backgrounds, these essays not only trouble the ways we think about the intersections of race and sexuality, they also offer theoretical insights and educational strategies to educators committed to bringing about change.

Sexual Minorities and Mental Health

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303137438X
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Sexual Minorities and Mental Health by : Joanna Semlyen

Download or read book Sexual Minorities and Mental Health written by Joanna Semlyen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-09 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book presents a comprehensive guide to the research, challenges and differing perspectives within mental health for sexual minority populations in the UK. Drawing on clinical, social, health and community psychology perspectives, it brings the urgency of this topic back to the fore, providing insight into some of ways we understand and make sense of the increased prevalence of poorer mental health in these populations. Using an intersectional approach, a broad range of experts from across academia and practice explore the specific threat and discrimination faced by sexual minorities and investigate the high prevalence of poor mental health, health risk behaviours and psychological distress in these groups. The volume also offers innovative insight as to ways in which the disparities experienced by sexual minorities may be addressed. Ideal for practitioners in mental health and sexuality, as well as psychologists, policy makers, and academics alike interested in mental health, sexuality, public health, psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, or counselling, this collection features wide array of qualitative and quantitative sources to describe the current state of the art with an interdisciplinary lens.

Communities in Action

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Forging Gay Identities

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226026930
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (269 download)

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Book Synopsis Forging Gay Identities by : Elizabeth A. Armstrong

Download or read book Forging Gay Identities written by Elizabeth A. Armstrong and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2002-12-15 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike many social movements, the gay and lesbian struggle for visibility and rights has succeeded in combining a unified group identity with the celebration of individual differences. Forging Gay Identities explores how this happened, tracing the evolution of gay life and organizations in San Francisco from the 1950s to the mid-1990s.

The Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000059545
Total Pages : 764 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness by : Gregory L. Weiss

Download or read book The Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness written by Gregory L. Weiss and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With thorough coverage of inequality in health care access and practice, this leading textbook has been widely acclaimed by teachers as the most accessible of any available. It introduces and integrates recent research in medical sociology and emphasizes the importance of race, class, gender, and sexuality throughout. This new edition leads students through the complexities of the evolving Affordable Care Act. It significantly expands coverage of medical technology, end-of-life issues, and alternative and complementary health care—topics that students typically debate in the classroom. While the COVID-19 pandemic emerged after this edition of the text was originally submitted, material has been added in Chapters 3, 10, and 13 about it. Many new text boxes and enhancements in pedagogy grace this new edition, which is essential in the fast-changing area of health care. New to this edition: More text boxes relating the social aspects of medicine to students’ lives. Expanded coverage leading students through the complex impacts of the ACA and health care reform. Greater emphasis on sexual minority health and LGBTQ+ persons’ experiences in the health care system. Expanded coverage of medical technology, end-of-life issues, and alternative and complementary health care. "Health and the Internet" sections are updated and renovated to create more interactive student assignments. New end-of-chapter lists of terms, with key terms as flash cards on the companion website. An updated instructor’s guide with test bank.

Sexual Minority Mental Health

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Sexual Minority Mental Health by : Francisco Rios Casas

Download or read book Sexual Minority Mental Health written by Francisco Rios Casas and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Previous studies have highlighted the elevated risk of depression and suicidality among sexual minority youth (SMY). However, few studies have investigated effect modifiers of the association between sexual identity and depressive symptomology. Methods: We used data from a community sample of adolescents (n = 465) to describe differences between heterosexual and SMY in depression symptom counts assessed over the adolescent period and lifetime history of suicide attempts by late adolescence. We used negative binomial regression to adjust for relevant confounders of the association between sexual identity and depressive symptoms. We used logistic regression to investigate the association between sexual identity and lifetime odds of suicide attempt, while adjusting for relevant confounders. We conducted a stratified analysis to investigate the role bullying plays in depressive symptoms among heterosexual and SMY. We also examined whether maternal connection, social support, or emotion dysregulation modified the association between sexual identity and depressive symptomology. Results: We found that SMY experienced higher levels of depressive symptomology (Symptom Count Ratio: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.61; p

The Oxford Handbook of Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190067993
Total Pages : 483 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health by : Esther D. Rothblum

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health written by Esther D. Rothblum and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Oxford Handbook of Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health provides an overview of the current research on the mental health of sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations. It is aimed at researchers conducting studies on the mental health of SGM populations, clinicians and researchers interested in psychiatric disorders that affect SGM populations, clinicians using evidence-based practice in the treatment of SGM patients/clients, students in mental health programs (clinical psychology, psychiatry, clinical social work, and psychiatric nursing), and policymakers. This chapter defines some terms and provides an overview of current and past SGM research methods"--