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Evidence And Decision Making
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Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Decision-Making by : Andrew D. Banasiewicz
Download or read book Evidence-Based Decision-Making written by Andrew D. Banasiewicz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-04 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence-Based Decision-Making: How to Leverage Available Data and Avoid Cognitive Biases examines how a wide range of factual evidence, primarily derived from a variety of data available to organizations, can be used to improve the quality of business decision-making, by helping decision makers circumvent the various cognitive biases that adversely impact how we all think. The book is built on the following premise: During the past decade, the new ‘data world’ emerged, in which the rush to develop competencies around business analytics and data science can be characterized as nothing less than the new commercial arms race. The ever-expanding volume and variety of data are well known, as are the great advances in data processing/analytics, data visualization, and related information production-focused capabilities. Yet, comparatively little effort has been devoted to how the informational products of business analytics and data science are ‘consumed’ or used in the organizational decision-making processes, as the available evidence shows that only some of that information is used to drive some business decisions some of the time. Evidence-Based Decision-Making details an explicit process describing how the universe of available and applicable evidence, which includes organizational and other data, industry benchmarks, scientific studies, and professional experience, can be assessed, amalgamated, and funneled into an objective driver of key business decisions. Introducing key concepts in relation to data and evidence, and the history of evidence-based management, this new and extremely topical book will be essential reading for researchers and students of data analytics as well as those working in the private and public sectors, and in the voluntary sector.
Book Synopsis Evidence-based Decision Making by : Jane L. Forrest
Download or read book Evidence-based Decision Making written by Jane L. Forrest and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise, hands-on text provides dental hygiene and dentistry students and practitioners with a method for making evidence-based decisions in practice. The book presents a step-by-step approach to mastering the five essential skills of evidence-based decision making%formulating patient-centered questions, searching for the appropriate evidence, critically appraising the evidence, applying the evidence to practice, and evaluating the process. Five Case Scenarios are used throughout the book in coordination with these skills and cover the broad areas of therapy/prevention, diagnosis, etiology/harm/causation, and prognosis. Each chapter has objectives, suggested activities, a quiz, critical thinking questions, and exercises. A companion Website includes online tutorials, additional cases, and links to additional resources. http://thepoint.lww.com/product/isbn/9780781765336
Book Synopsis Educational Goods by : Harry Brighouse
Download or read book Educational Goods written by Harry Brighouse and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-01-24 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, jointly authored by two distinguished philosophers and two prominent social scientists, has an ambitious aim: to improve decision-making in education policy. First they dive into the goals of education policy and explain the terms "educational goods" and "childhood goods," adding precision and clarity to the discussion of the distributive values that are essential for good decision-making about education. Then they provide a framework for individual decision-makers that enables them to combine values and evidence in the evaluation of educational policy options. Finally they delve into the particular policy issues of school finance, school accountability, and school choice, and they show how decision makers might approach them in the light of this decision-making framework. The authors are not advocated particular policy choices, however. The focus instead is a smart framework that will make it easier for policymakers (and readers) to identify and think through what they disagree with others about.
Book Synopsis Rational Diagnosis and Treatment by : Peter Gøtzsche
Download or read book Rational Diagnosis and Treatment written by Peter Gøtzsche and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-03-11 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its fourth edition, Rational Diagnosis and Treatment: Evidence-Based Clinical Decision-Making is a unique book to look at evidence-based medicine and the difficulty of applying evidence from group studies to individual patients. The book analyses the successive stages of the decision process and deals with topics such as the examination of the patient, the reliability of clinical data, the logic of diagnosis, the fallacies of uncontrolled therapeutic experience and the need for randomised clinical trials and meta-analyses. It is the main theme of the book that, whenever possible, clinical decisions must be based on the evidence from clinical research, but the authors also explain the pitfalls of such research and the problems involved in applying evidence from groups of patients to the individual patient. For this new edition, the sections on placebo and meta-analysis and on alternative medicine have been thoroughly updated, and there is more focus on insufficient reporting of harms of interventions. The sections on different research designs describe advantages and limitations, and the increased medicalisation and the effects of cancer screening on health people are noted. A section on academic freedom when clinicians collaborate with industry and ghost authors is added. This essential reference work integrates the science and statistical approach of evidence-based medicine with the art and humanism of medical practice; distinguishing between data, sets of data, knowledge and wisdom, and their application. Such an intellectually challenging book is ideal for both medical students and doctors who require theoretical and practical clinical skills to help ensure that they apply theory in practice.
Book Synopsis Evidence Synthesis for Decision Making in Healthcare by : Nicky J. Welton
Download or read book Evidence Synthesis for Decision Making in Healthcare written by Nicky J. Welton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the evaluation of healthcare, rigorous methods of quantitative assessment are necessary to establish interventions that are both effective and cost-effective. Usually a single study will not fully address these issues and it is desirable to synthesize evidence from multiple sources. This book aims to provide a practical guide to evidence synthesis for the purpose of decision making, starting with a simple single parameter model, where all studies estimate the same quantity (pairwise meta-analysis) and progressing to more complex multi-parameter structures (including meta-regression, mixed treatment comparisons, Markov models of disease progression, and epidemiology models). A comprehensive, coherent framework is adopted and estimated using Bayesian methods. Key features: A coherent approach to evidence synthesis from multiple sources. Focus is given to Bayesian methods for evidence synthesis that can be integrated within cost-effectiveness analyses in a probabilistic framework using Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation. Provides methods to statistically combine evidence from a range of evidence structures. Emphasizes the importance of model critique and checking for evidence consistency. Presents numerous worked examples, exercises and solutions drawn from a variety of medical disciplines throughout the book. WinBUGS code is provided for all examples. Evidence Synthesis for Decision Making in Healthcare is intended for health economists, decision modelers, statisticians and others involved in evidence synthesis, health technology assessment, and economic evaluation of health technologies.
Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Management by : Eric Barends
Download or read book Evidence-Based Management written by Eric Barends and published by Kogan Page Publishers. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decisions in businesses and organizations are too often based on fads, fashions and the success stories of famous CEOs. At the same time, traditional models and new cutting-edge solutions often fail to deliver on what they promise. This situation leaves managers, business leaders, consultants and policymakers with a profound challenge: how can we stay away from trends and quick fixes, and instead use valid and reliable evidence to support the organization? In response to this problem, evidence-based management has evolved with the goal of improving the quality of decision-making by using critically evaluated evidence from multiple sources - organizational data, professional expertise, stakeholder values and scientific literature. This book sets out and explains the specific skills needed to gather, understand and use evidence to make better-informed organizational decisions. Evidence-Based Management is a comprehensive guide that provides current and future managers, consultants and organizational leaders with the knowledge and practical skills to improve the quality and outcome of their decision-making. Online resources include case studies, exercises, lecture slides and further reading.
Book Synopsis Decision Making in Health and Medicine by : M. G. Myriam Hunink
Download or read book Decision Making in Health and Medicine written by M. G. Myriam Hunink and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide for everyone involved in medical decision making to plot a clear course through complex and conflicting benefits and risks.
Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Decision Making in Dentistry by : Eyal Rosen
Download or read book Evidence-Based Decision Making in Dentistry written by Eyal Rosen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-05 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This clinically oriented book covers all aspects of the evidence-based decision making process in multidisciplinary management of the natural dentition. The book opens by clarifying the principles of evidence-based decision making and explaining how these principles should be applied in daily practice. Individual chapters then focus specifically, and in detail, on endodontic, periodontal, and prosthetic considerations, identifying aspects that need to be integrated into decision making and treatment planning. Evidence-based decision making with regard to preservation of the natural tooth versus extraction and implant placement is then discussed, and a concluding chapter examines likely future trends in dentistry and how they may affect clinical decision making. The authors include leading endodontists, periodontists, and prosthodontists. Given the multidisciplinary and comprehensive nature of the book, it will be relevant and interesting to the entire dental community.
Book Synopsis Decision Making in Emergency Critical Care by : John E. Arbo
Download or read book Decision Making in Emergency Critical Care written by John E. Arbo and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 1082 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looking for a brief but authoritative resource to help you manage the types of complex cardiac, pulmonary, and neurological emergencies you encounter as a resident or attending emergency room physician? Look no further than Decision Making in Emergency Critical Care: An Evidence-Based Handbook. This portable guide to rational clinical decision-making in the challenging – and changing – world of emergency critical care provides in every chapter a streamlined review of a common problem in critical care medicine, along with evidence-based guidelines and summary tables of landmark literature. Features Prepare for effective critical care practice in the emergency room’s often chaotic and resource-limited environment with expert guidance from fellows and attending physicians in the fields of emergency medicine, pulmonary and critical care medicine, cardiology, gastroenterology, and neurocritical care. Master critical care fundamentals as experts guide you through the initial resuscitation and the continued management of critical care patients during their first 24 hours of intensive care. Confidently make sustained, data-driven decisions for the critically ill patient using expert information on everything from hemodynamic monitoring and critical care ultrasonography to sepsis and septic shock to the ED-ICU transfer of care.
Book Synopsis The Pharmacist's Guide to Evidence-Based Medicine for Clinical Decision Making by : Patrick J. Bryant
Download or read book The Pharmacist's Guide to Evidence-Based Medicine for Clinical Decision Making written by Patrick J. Bryant and published by ASHP. This book was released on 2008-08-31 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Take the Practical Approach to Applying EBM Principles Pharmacists who make clinical decisions based on experience alone overestimate the efficacy and underestimate the safety risks of drugs. This leads to variations in services and treatment that result in inappropriate care, lack of care, and increased healthcare costs. Evidence-based medicine (EBM) employs the scientific method as the key source of knowledge for making clinical decisions. This easy-to-use new guide provides a practical approach for confidently applying EBM principles in daily practice. It's a straightforward process that allows pharmacists to incorporate their own clinical judgment while they make firm decisions and recommendations based on results of rigorously conducted clinical trials. Based on a five-step process perfected over 10 years at the University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Pharmacy, this exciting new method makes it easy to apply the EBM approach in clinical settings. The new process streamlines the highly technical and complex original EBM method, greatly reducing its complexity while maintaining rigor. Categorizing quality of the evidence in a simple and logical manner, it provides critical, time-sensitive support for clinical decision-making.
Book Synopsis The Politics of Evidence by : Justin Parkhurst
Download or read book The Politics of Evidence written by Justin Parkhurst and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.tandfebooks.com/, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. There has been an enormous increase in interest in the use of evidence for public policymaking, but the vast majority of work on the subject has failed to engage with the political nature of decision making and how this influences the ways in which evidence will be used (or misused) within political areas. This book provides new insights into the nature of political bias with regards to evidence and critically considers what an ‘improved’ use of evidence would look like from a policymaking perspective. Part I describes the great potential for evidence to help achieve social goals, as well as the challenges raised by the political nature of policymaking. It explores the concern of evidence advocates that political interests drive the misuse or manipulation of evidence, as well as counter-concerns of critical policy scholars about how appeals to ‘evidence-based policy’ can depoliticise political debates. Both concerns reflect forms of bias – the first representing technical bias, whereby evidence use violates principles of scientific best practice, and the second representing issue bias in how appeals to evidence can shift political debates to particular questions or marginalise policy-relevant social concerns. Part II then draws on the fields of policy studies and cognitive psychology to understand the origins and mechanisms of both forms of bias in relation to political interests and values. It illustrates how such biases are not only common, but can be much more predictable once we recognise their origins and manifestations in policy arenas. Finally, Part III discusses ways to move forward for those seeking to improve the use of evidence in public policymaking. It explores what constitutes ‘good evidence for policy’, as well as the ‘good use of evidence’ within policy processes, and considers how to build evidence-advisory institutions that embed key principles of both scientific good practice and democratic representation. Taken as a whole, the approach promoted is termed the ‘good governance of evidence’ – a concept that represents the use of rigorous, systematic and technically valid pieces of evidence within decision-making processes that are representative of, and accountable to, populations served.
Book Synopsis Knowing What Works in Health Care by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Knowing What Works in Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-05-29 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is currently heightened interest in optimizing health care through the generation of new knowledge on the effectiveness of health care services. The United States must substantially strengthen its capacity for assessing evidence on what is known and not known about "what works" in health care. Even the most sophisticated clinicians and consumers struggle to learn which care is appropriate and under what circumstances. Knowing What Works in Health Care looks at the three fundamental health care issues in the United States-setting priorities for evidence assessment, assessing evidence (systematic review), and developing evidence-based clinical practice guidelines-and how each of these contributes to the end goal of effective, practical health care systems. This book provides an overall vision and roadmap for improving how the nation uses scientific evidence to identify the most effective clinical services. Knowing What Works in Health Care gives private and public sector firms, consumers, health care professionals, benefit administrators, and others the authoritative, independent information required for making essential informed health care decisions.
Book Synopsis Decision-Making in Environmental Health by : D. Briggs
Download or read book Decision-Making in Environmental Health written by D. Briggs and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2000-04-06 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decision-Making in Environmental Health examines the need for information in support of decision-making in environmental health. It discusses indicators of environmental health, methods of data collection and the assessment of exposure to and the health impact of different environmental risk factors.
Book Synopsis Evidence-based Decision Making by : Andrew F. Long
Download or read book Evidence-based Decision Making written by Andrew F. Long and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis EVIDENCE FOR POLICY & DECISION-MAKING by : GEORGE. ARGYROUS
Download or read book EVIDENCE FOR POLICY & DECISION-MAKING written by GEORGE. ARGYROUS and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Politics of Evidence-Based Policy Making by : Paul Cairney
Download or read book The Politics of Evidence-Based Policy Making written by Paul Cairney and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Politics of Evidence Based Policymaking identifies how to work with policymakers to maximize the use of scientific evidence. Policymakers cannot consider all evidence relevant to policy problems. They use two shortcuts: ‘rational’ ways to gather enough evidence, and ‘irrational’ decision-making, drawing on emotions, beliefs, and habits. Most scientific studies focus on the former. They identify uncertainty when policymakers have incomplete evidence, and try to solve it by improving the supply of information. They do not respond to ambiguity, or the potential for policymakers to understand problems in very different ways. A good strategy requires advocates to be persuasive: forming coalitions with like-minded actors, and accompanying evidence with simple stories to exploit the emotional or ideological biases of policymakers.
Book Synopsis Shared Decision Making in Health Care by : Glyn Elwyn
Download or read book Shared Decision Making in Health Care written by Glyn Elwyn and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade health care systems around the world have placed increasing importance on the relationship between patient choice and clinical decision-making. In the years since the publication of the second edition of Shared Decision Making in Health Care, there have been significant new developments in the field, most notably in the US where 'Obamacare' puts shared decision making (SDM) at the centre of the 2009 Affordable Care Act. This new edition explores shared decision making by examining, from practical and theoretical perspectives, what should comprise an effective decision-making process. It also looks at the benefits and potential difficulties that arise when patients and clinicians share health care decisions. Written by leading experts from around the world and utilizing high quality evidence, the book provides an up-to-date reference with real-word context to the topics discussed, and in-depth coverage of the practicalities of implementing and teaching SDM. The breadth of information in Shared Decision Making in Health Care makes it an essential resource for policy-makers and health care workers. As health care systems adapt to increasingly collaborative patient-clinician care frameworks, this will also prove a useful guide to SDM for clinicians of all disciplines.
