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Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Conutermeasures To Enhance Pedestrian Safety
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Book Synopsis The Development and Effectiveness Evaluation of Engineering Countermeasures for Pedestrian Safety by : Nicholas Artimovich
Download or read book The Development and Effectiveness Evaluation of Engineering Countermeasures for Pedestrian Safety written by Nicholas Artimovich and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Conutermeasures to Enhance Pedestrian Safety by : Ganesh Jung Karkee
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Conutermeasures to Enhance Pedestrian Safety written by Ganesh Jung Karkee and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Urban Pedestrian Accident Countermeasures Experimental Evaluation by : BioTechnology, Inc
Download or read book Urban Pedestrian Accident Countermeasures Experimental Evaluation written by BioTechnology, Inc and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effectiveness and Efficiencies in Pedestrian Safety. Evaluation Summary Report by : Patricia H. Ehrlich
Download or read book Effectiveness and Efficiencies in Pedestrian Safety. Evaluation Summary Report written by Patricia H. Ehrlich and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of Innovative Countermeasures for Pedestrian Safety by : Vinay Virupaksha
Download or read book An Evaluation of Innovative Countermeasures for Pedestrian Safety written by Vinay Virupaksha and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Safety Evaluation of Protected Left-turn Phasing and Leading Pedestrian Intervals on Pedestrian Safety by : Elissa Goughnour
Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Protected Left-turn Phasing and Leading Pedestrian Intervals on Pedestrian Safety written by Elissa Goughnour and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the study was to evaluate the safety effects of two countermeasures with respect to vehicle–pedestrian crashes—the provision of protected or protected/permissive left-turn phasing and the provision of leading pedestrian intervals (LPIs)—using a before–after empirical Bayesian methodology. The study used data from North American cities that had installed one or both of the countermeasures of interest, including Chicago, IL; New York City, NY; Charlotte, NC; and Toronto, ON. This study showed that the provision of protected left-turn phasing reduced vehicle–vehicle injury crashes but did not produce statistically significant results for vehicle–pedestrian crashes overall. A disaggregate analysis of the effect of protected or protected/permissive left-turn phasing on vehicle–pedestrian crashes indicated that this strategy may be more beneficial when there are higher pedestrian and vehicle volumes, particularly above 5,500 pedestrians per day. At these high-volume locations, the left-turn phasing evaluation resulted in a potential benefit–cost (B/C) ratio range of 1:15.6::1:38.9. The evaluation of LPIs showed that the countermeasure reduced vehicle–pedestrian crashes. This evaluation produced a crash modification factor of 0.87 with a potential B/C ratio range of 1:207::1:517.
Book Synopsis Pedestrian Safety by : Barry Leonard
Download or read book Pedestrian Safety written by Barry Leonard and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-08 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive report on pedestrian safety builds on the current level of knowledge of pedestrian safety countermeasures by identifying the most effective advanced technology and intelligent transportation systems, such as automated pedestrian detection and warning systems (infrastructure-based and vehicle-based), road design, and vehicle structural design improvements, that could potentially mitigate the crash forces on pedestrians in the event of a crash. The report also includes recommendations on how new technological developments could be incorporated into educational and enforcement efforts and how they could be integrated into national design guidelines developed. Charts and tables.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Pedestrian and Bicycle Engineering Countermeasures by :
Download or read book Evaluation of Pedestrian and Bicycle Engineering Countermeasures written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents a Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) project to quantify the effectiveness of selected engineering countermeasures to improve safety and operations for pedestrians and bicyclists. Through a combination of literature review, review of traffic control device experimental requests, practitioner panels, and meetings with FHWA, the research team identified four countermeasures for evaluation as well as the need for a handbook for practitioners conducting evaluations of traffic control devices. This report provides a brief summary of the evaluations of these four countermeasures and references to the full technical reports for each.
Book Synopsis Pedestrian Safety Analysis And Countermeasures by : Winkel Tobias
Download or read book Pedestrian Safety Analysis And Countermeasures written by Winkel Tobias and published by . This book was released on 2024-09-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluating Pedestrian Safety Improvements by : Ron Van Houten
Download or read book Evaluating Pedestrian Safety Improvements written by Ron Van Houten and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of new pedestrian countermeasure installations on pedestrian safety to assist in informing future pedestrian safety initiatives. In order to address these objectives, the WMU team conducted a literature review; evaluated existing safety improvements, including pedestrian hybrid beacons (PHB), rectangular rapid flashing beacons (RRFB), and in-street signs; examined the use of a Gateway configurations of the in-street signs; determined the efficacy of PHB and RRFB installations in conjunction with in-street signs; evaluated potential outreach and enforcement techniques; conducted on-street surveys; and performed a statistical analysis of pedestrian countermeasures at traffic signals. RRFBs and PHBs were evaluated at a number of Michigan locations, including roundabouts. The findings of these studies suggested that the RRFB and the PHB performed similarly at two-lane roundabout installations, although the PHB appeared to outperform the RRFB at three-lane roundabouts. Furthermore, the PHB and RRFB devices often produced lower motorist yielding levels in Michigan when compared to the results of the larger-scale FHWA studies discussed in the literature review. This result could be due to a lack of familiarity with these devices in Michigan, or driver and pedestrian lack of understanding of Michigan law. In-street signs also were evaluated at six locations as part of the study. The in-street signs yielded results similar to those reported in the research literature. The in-street signs then were further evaluated using a Gateway configuration on each two lane leg of four-lane divided roads, which included the use of one placed at each curb and one placed in the center of the roadway between travel lanes. The Gateway treatment produced yielding levels equal to or superior to the PHB and RRFB. Intercept surveys were conducted to determine motorist and pedestrian knowledge of the necessary actions for PHB, RRFB, and in-street sign. The results of the driver and pedestrian survey provided additional evidence that drivers and pedestrians do not fully comprehend how they should respond to the PHB and RRFB. A crash analysis was completed for countermeasures installed at signalized crossings. A statistical analysis of data from pedestrian countdown timers (PCT) in Detroit and Kalamazoo provided unequivocal evidence that the installation of the PCT had reduced crashes. The effect size in the Detroit sample was quite large; crash reductions also were observed in Kalamazoo, but the much smaller sample size reduced the level of confidence in the effect. However, when both sites were pooled, the effect was robust. The analysis of the effects of flashing yellow arrows treatment in Oakland County did not indicate any benefit to pedestrians.
Book Synopsis Effective Highway Accident Countermeasures. Status Report by :
Download or read book Effective Highway Accident Countermeasures. Status Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of Pedestrian Behavior by : Andrew M. Rose
Download or read book Measurement of Pedestrian Behavior written by Andrew M. Rose and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phase 2 - High Visibility Crosswalk Pedestrian Study by : Kevin Majka
Download or read book Phase 2 - High Visibility Crosswalk Pedestrian Study written by Kevin Majka and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was focused on evaluating the effectiveness that high-visibility crosswalk (HVC) markings have on improving pedestrian safety. Naturalistic driving data was used to analyze vehicle kinematics and driver behavior in relation to the approach and traversal of HVC locations before and after their implementation. Traffic safety surrogates were developed and evaluated in the presence of different marking types, configurations, and for varying driver characteristics. The findings indicate that the placement of pedestrian crossing signs in advance of the HVC significantly improved the safety surrogates, ladder type configurations were the most effective overall in affecting driver behavior including external scanning patterns, and that targeting education and awareness programs towards young and older drivers could prove to be successful in enhancing the effectiveness of HVC implementations. This study, utilizing naturalistic driving data, provides a more comprehensive analysis on the overall effectiveness of all types and implementations of HVCs.
Book Synopsis Causative Factors and Countermeasures for Rural and Suburban Pedestrian Accidents by : Richard L. Knoblauch
Download or read book Causative Factors and Countermeasures for Rural and Suburban Pedestrian Accidents written by Richard L. Knoblauch and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Use of Traffic Conflicts to Estimate Vehicle-pedestrian Safety at Signalized Intersections by : Hiba Nassereddine
Download or read book Use of Traffic Conflicts to Estimate Vehicle-pedestrian Safety at Signalized Intersections written by Hiba Nassereddine and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding how vehicle drivers and pedestrians interact is key to identifying countermeasures that improve the safety of the interactions. As a result, techniques that can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of traffic control device-based safety countermeasures without the need to wait for the availability of crash data are needed. Using video data, the interactions between right-turning vehicles and conflicting pedestrians were documented for sites with a permissive circular green indication or a flashing yellow arrow (FYA) permissive right turn indication and quantified using vehicle and pedestrian position timestamps. Multiple non-probabilistic linear regression models were created to describe the relationship between the position of the pedestrian within the crosswalk and the time for a right turning vehicle maneuver to be completed. Given the nature of the models output, a Pedestrian Respect Indicator (PRI) is introduced as an indicator of the safety of vehicle-pedestrian interactions. The higher the PRI, the more "respect" towards pedestrians. Surrogate safety measures (SSMs) have allowed to step away from traditional approach and analyze safety performance without relying on crash records. In recent years, the use of surrogate measures to estimate crash probabilities with extreme value theory (EVT) models has been an alternative approach to its use as aggregate crash frequency predictors. Univariate and bivariate extreme value theory models were developed using the block maxima (BM) approach and the peak over threshold (POT) approach. In addition, Bayesian hierarchical models were developed for each approach. Using the resulting estimates, the number of crashes was estimated for each model. The estimated crashes from the Bayesian hierarchical models were closer to the observed number of crashes than those from other models. Time to complete a turn produced better fit models indicating that the time to complete a turn is a good representation of traffic interactions. Obtaining SSMs from video data requires complex processing and large video data sizes. A software-based framework to estimate SSMs, such as PET and time-to-collision (TTC) values between right-turn-on-red (RTOR) and through vehicles was proposed and it demonstrated the feasibility of using vehicle trajectories obtained from existing radar-based vehicle detection systems to calculate such measures.
Author :United States. Federal Highway Administration. Implementation Division Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :276 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis Model Pedestrian Safety Program by : United States. Federal Highway Administration. Implementation Division
Download or read book Model Pedestrian Safety Program written by United States. Federal Highway Administration. Implementation Division and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Guide for the Planning, Design, and Operation of Pedestrian Facilities by :
Download or read book Guide for the Planning, Design, and Operation of Pedestrian Facilities written by and published by AASHTO. This book was released on 2004 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
