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Evaluation Of Joint Ventures As A Mode Of Entry Into The Chinese Market
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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Joint Ventures as a Mode of Entry into the Chinese Market by :
Download or read book Evaluation of Joint Ventures as a Mode of Entry into the Chinese Market written by and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-04-22 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,3, University of Applied Sciences Essen, language: English, abstract: This term paper will first of all give an overview of existing foreign market entry modes. Secondly there will be a description of joint ventures in general by analyzing typical motives and risks for using a specific mode of entry to internationalize. At the end of the second part, the situation on the Chinese market is discussed to introduce the reader to the concrete business case of Volkswagen and SAIC Motors, which will be discussed in the third part. Finally, this paper will provide an evaluation of the success of this joint venture on the Chinese market. Globalization, in recent times, has generated a lot of interest in the business world. More companies are now seeking to escape their comfort zones (home markets) and enter into international markets to expand their businesses. Internationalization has seen several factors as its driving force. More countries have opened their markets to foreign entrants through liberalization and deregulation of previous trade-inhibiting laws. Consumers, in most parts of the world, have also exhibited a homogenous behavior that encourages internationalization. Products that sell well in one part of the world have shown the likelihood to perform the same in other areas, which has motivated more companies to explore international markets. Other external driving factors are an improvement in technology and logistics. It is now possible for companies to communicate and track the activities of each of its subsidiaries or branches in the world. Technology has offered a business with an appropriate infrastructure that ensures smooth running of their affairs worldwide. Some products also exhibit shorter life cycles; thus, limiting the amount a company can produce. Internationalization offers such company's ability to produce more by expanding their reach beyond local/home markets. Expansion into international markets by a company is motivated by several factors. One of the major factors is to spur growth and increase profitability. Many companies are seeking to enter into foreign markets to expand their influence and increase their sales and revenue. Internationalization for such companies means an access to a wider customer base, which implies more product sales and more revenues. Expanding the size and scope helps achieve the economies of scale.
Book Synopsis Critically evaluate the hypothesis "Joint ventures are the ideal entry strategy to use when entering the Chinese market for the first time; it is a win-win situation" by : Isabell Keil
Download or read book Critically evaluate the hypothesis "Joint ventures are the ideal entry strategy to use when entering the Chinese market for the first time; it is a win-win situation" written by Isabell Keil and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2004-09-08 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2003 in the subject Business economics - Trade and Distribution, grade: 1,7 (A-), University of Glamorgan, course: International Business and Export Management, language: English, abstract: The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the last Communist State in the world (Roberts and Kynge, 2003). Mao Zedong, the leader from 1949 until 1976, pursued a radical politicsorientated and self-sustained policy, which “had China’s door closed in front of the foreign countries” (Yahoo! Inc., 2003). Deng Xiaoping succeeded Mao Zedong and launched his economic reform programme, called the “Open Door” policy, in 1978, which encouraged foreign investment (Yahoo! Inc., 2003). This was the beginning of a new era for China. A great deal of international investors tried to gain a foothold in China’s fast growing markets in the form of joint ventures or direct investment. This paper is devoted to the joint venture (JV), and investigates whether or not this form of enterprise is the ideal strategy to enter the Chinese market. After a short survey of the Chinese economy, JV’s will be defined. The explanation of JV’s is made under consideration of the distinctive features of the Chinese culture. A lot of enterprises and JV’s as well failed because it is not easy to deal with the Chinese. This essay reports about failures of a Western JV and tries to examine the causes. Examples of successful JV’s are described as well before concluding whether or not “Joint ventures are the ideal entry strategy to use when entering the Chinese market for the first time; it is a win-win situation”.
Book Synopsis An evaluation of joint venture as a mode of entry. The example of "Volkswagen" by : Lars Steilmann
Download or read book An evaluation of joint venture as a mode of entry. The example of "Volkswagen" written by Lars Steilmann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0, University of Applied Sciences Essen, language: English, abstract: In the last years the globalisation has increased the competition amongst the companies and forced them to enter foreign markets. The development of a market entry strategy is very complex and has long-term concerns for a company. Therefore choosing an adequate market entry strategy is of great significance. This term paper is concerned with the evaluation of joint venture as a mode of entry for the German car manufacturer Volkswagen entering the Chinese market. Therefore I will give a theoretical introduc-tion into international market entry strategies and clarify advantages and disadvantages in chapter two. In the next chapter the emergence of possible market entry strategy for the Chinese market is checked. Therefore, the importance of the Chinese market will be shown at the beginning. Then the when and where will be explained. The fourth chapter shows Volkswagen ́s way for entering the Chinese market.
Book Synopsis Chinese Market Entry Possibility by the Means of Joint Ventures by : Andreas Gysler
Download or read book Chinese Market Entry Possibility by the Means of Joint Ventures written by Andreas Gysler and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Worldwide foreign direct investment has grown at an average of 15.7% between 1970 and 2005 and still today is an important driver for the globalisation process. It is the large firms, however, that have been its main drivers. Small and medium enterprises do face high barriers when considering engaging in FDI activities and are more likely to fail in comparison to a large multinational enterprises. These barriers stem from the fact that SMEs oftentimes dispose of only limited resources, in particular limited financial, information and managerial resources and hence have a different attitude towards risk. Such resource limitations, however, can be overcome by the means of forming a Joint Venture. Swiss SMEs from the machine, electrical & metal industry desiring to enter the Chinese market through the building up of production facilities, however, face a dilemma. Their scarce resources with regard to financial assets, experience, time and employees as well as their lack of knowledge of the Chinese culture and business ways hamper their ability to effectively enter the Chinese market through the vehicle of wholly owned subsidiaries. Although Chinese JV partners are most able to complement the resources Swiss SMEs lack, JVs with Chinese partners are not without friction. Especially the diversity along the lines of culture, language and business habits between Sino-Swiss partners have been seen to cause frictions, oftentimes inferring poor performance and making the need for an alternative solution apparent. Singaporean firms appear to be a viable alternative when contemplating above elaborations. Posing as combinations of the East and West, they are in the unique position to potentially act as intermediaries along the lines of culture and business habits. Based on scientific literature review, this paper produces a framework and empirical analysis that allows an assessment of Singaporean firms' suitability to act as intermediaries.
Book Synopsis Cultural Problems within International Joint Ventures in China by : Michael Amtmann
Download or read book Cultural Problems within International Joint Ventures in China written by Michael Amtmann and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2005-01-25 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Since the reforms of 1979, the People`s Republic of China`s (PRC) economy has experienced significant growth. There is no doubt that this economic expansion has been a direct result of the opening up of Chinese companies to foreign investors. The number of sino-foreign joint-ventures, which are by the way a privileged form of investment granted by the Chinese government, has been increasing rapidly. According to Chinese statistics, at the end of 1998, Chinese-foreign joint-ventures represented approximately two thirds of about 300 000 foreign investment projects that were approved by Chinese authorities. In fact, among the developing countries, China is currently the one which attracts the most western investments. Joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, China pushed this development even further and while other countries were fighting a recession at the same time, it was able to sustain a growth of 7.8% regarding the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 14.1% with respect to exports and 10.4% regarding imports. Consequently there is steady interest of foreign companies to form joint-ventures in the People's Republic of China. But whereas in the 1980ies mostly the huge corporations where entering this market, nowadays more and more midsized companies, for instance from Germany, are forming joint-ventures too. From the region Mittelfranken for example 320 businesses have developed ties with the People s Republic a plus of 60% from 1996. Many foreign firms are considering entering joint-ventures in China because this seems to offer the most attractive method for gaining access to the huge potential of the labour pool and market of China. Nonetheless, there are many warnings about the problems that have to be faced in order to establish a joint-venture in China. Chief among these is the problem of differing management styles between Foreign and Chinese partners. Very little accurate information is available about Sino-Foreign joint-ventures. An example is the wide disparity in the reports of the numbers of Sino-German joint-ventures. It is not surprising, therefore, that the majority of research studies have focused on identifying the number and the internal structures of these joint-ventures rather than on the practical problems of managing these businesses effectively. Beyond problems of identifying active ventures, research on Chinese-German joint-ventures is hampered by other difficulties: collecting data that [...]
Book Synopsis Greater China in the Global Market by : Yigang Pan
Download or read book Greater China in the Global Market written by Yigang Pan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn the secrets of doing business successfully in China! From tips on how to run joint ventures with Chinese companies to research on the tastes of Chinese consumers, Greater China in the Global Market contains the most up-to-date information on business and marketing strategies in China. This volume brings you the practical advice and empirical research of top experts in the field, including John Farley of Dartmouth College, John Child of Cambridge University, and Rohit Despande of Harvard University. Tapping China's huge economy can be highly profitable, but only if you understand the subtleties of doing business in the Chinese culture. Greater China in the Global Market offers insider's views of guanxi, the Chinese concept of relationship that can make or break international business ventures in China, as well as the expertise in Chinese corporate and consumer cultures you will need to establish successful business strategies. Greater China in the Global Market presents a comprehensive view of the essential factors in marketing to China, including: the difference in corporate culture between joint ventures and state-owned enterprises the most effective ways to manage the value chain activities in joint ventures the merits and limitations of various entry strategies, including umbrella companies, franchising, and contractual joint ventures, among others the influence of risk-absorption capability and risk-dispersion mechanisms on the choice of entry mode the factors that influence timing your entry into the market the changing tastes of Chinese consumers the correlation between brand consciousness and income in younger consumers a thorough literature review of twenty years of marketing research on China Greater China in the Global Market is a valuable resource for front-line marketing executives in China as well as corporate decision makers in their headquarters at home. It is a must read for academics and business practitioners with an interest in China.
Book Synopsis Experience on specific problems – Joint ventures between Hong Kong company and company from the local government of the People’s Republic of China (developing country) by : Michael Cheng
Download or read book Experience on specific problems – Joint ventures between Hong Kong company and company from the local government of the People’s Republic of China (developing country) written by Michael Cheng and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-01-31 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: A (95% of 100%), The American Central University, language: English, abstract: Since 1978, Deng Xiaoping succeeded to launch his economic reform program “Open Door” policy that encouraged foreign investments. It was the beginning of a new era for China. Deng’s idea was to open China to foreign investments in order to acquire resources, such as technology, expertise knowledge, etc... Deng promoted a socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics. It means that a market economy with decentralized public investment and a socialist framework of the society. However, he changed the political system as well, decentralized economic decision-making, and began legal and bureaucratic reforms. Chinese economy has experienced significant growth. There is no doubt that this economics expansion has been a direct result of Deng Xiaopeng’s “open door” policy. Foreign investments have rapidly increased and more factories were established by offering tax privileges, such as reduced import tariffs or tax exemptions for certain imports amongst others. In fact, among the developing countries, China is currently the one that attracts the most foreign investments. Joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, China pushed this development even further.
Author :Chris Devonshire-Ellis Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3642160409 Total Pages :119 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (421 download)
Book Synopsis Setting Up Joint Ventures in China by : Chris Devonshire-Ellis
Download or read book Setting Up Joint Ventures in China written by Chris Devonshire-Ellis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-15 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brand new guide book is a comprehensive overview of establishing joint ventures in China. It details all applicable decision making processes such as assessing your potential partner, choosing the relevant JV structure, conducting legal and financial due diligence. The guide contains complete JV contract and articles of association as well as an overview of JV law, details negotiation issues, land use rights, IP Protection and technology transfer, in addition to tips on staff hiring and HR. It also describes the tax and audit responsibilities in addition to buying out a JV partner and liquidations. It is a concise, detailed yet pragmatic guide of use to anyone considering or owning a JV in China.
Book Synopsis Joint Ventures in China by : Russell Gibbons
Download or read book Joint Ventures in China written by Russell Gibbons and published by Macmillan Education AU. This book was released on 1996 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook for Australian business persons which discusses joint business ventures and investments in China. Describes preparations, negotiations and procedures for company and business registrations in China. Outlines strategies for overcoming obstacles in cross-culture business. Provides many useful checklists, draft letters and a glossary in the appendices. The author is chairman and managing director of a marine engineering company and lives and works in China. In 1991 he commenced negotiating a joint venture in China and completed negotiations a year later.
Book Synopsis Cooperation and Technological Endowment in International Joint Ventures: German Firms in China by : Michael Hoeck
Download or read book Cooperation and Technological Endowment in International Joint Ventures: German Firms in China written by Michael Hoeck and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-02 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A frequent choice for market entry to China is the international joint venture (IJV) with a Chinese partner. This is regarded as an adequate market entry if complex technological knowledge is to be transferred to the new location. However, IJVs also represent an easy way for local partners to absorb technological knowledge without authorization. Michael Hoeck investigates the character and the degree of technology transfer into IJVs, using the example of German industrial firms in China. The two central questions that are investigated are „What factors influence the sophistication of the technological endowment that an IJV in China receives from its German parents?“ and „In what way do strategic considerations regarding inter-firm cooperation and knowledge sharing influence the foreign investor’s technology transfer behaviour?“. The study results – derived from theoretical and empirical analysis – presents novel insights to both researchers and practitioners.
Book Synopsis Joint Ventures & Other Market Entry Strategies in China by :
Download or read book Joint Ventures & Other Market Entry Strategies in China written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strategies for Joint Ventures in the People's Republic of China by : Iqbal Mathur
Download or read book Strategies for Joint Ventures in the People's Republic of China written by Iqbal Mathur and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1987-09-22 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors show that the sucess of a joint venture in the People's Rebublic of China, to a considerable extent, depends on understanding the Chinese perspective. They not only offer this perspective, but mingle it with the Western view. This book provides information not readily available in Western literature. The authors help the reader develop a feel for Chinese ideology, culture and infrastructure. Chapter by chapter, they show that successful joint ventures in the PRC are definitely feasible.
Book Synopsis European Ventures in China by : David Kwai-Che Tse
Download or read book European Ventures in China written by David Kwai-Che Tse and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Franchising as a mode of entry by analyzing Subway's expansion strategy by : Tim Borneck
Download or read book Evaluation of Franchising as a mode of entry by analyzing Subway's expansion strategy written by Tim Borneck and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0, University of Applied Sciences Essen, language: English, abstract: Internationalization of economy is one of the most important topics of recent times. It is characterized by globalization of the business world which means that more and more companies compete with foreign ones by entering new markets or introducing new products that are available everywhere through disappearing barriers and boundaries. As a consequence the question arises how companies follow their expansion strategies. A central issue linked to this question is the entry mode decision, because it is essential for the success of the globalization activities of a company. One possible entry mode is called franchising which is used by a lot of well-known companies worldwide. The focus of this term paper is to evaluate this type of entry mode based on the example of Subway, an international operating fast food chain. To accomplish this purpose, the theory of market entry modes is explained in the beginning. Further an overview of the different entry modes is given in order to highlight the differences between them. After that franchising as a mode of entry is explained in detail. As a result of presenting the theory a profile of Subway follows. Furthermore the market entry strategy of Subway is analyzed regarding the fact how franchising influenced the expansion of the company in general. After that the market entry into the Chinese market and its challenges is explained. To conclude the term paper, the theory and the practical example is summarized in order to outline whether Subway enters new markets efficiently and how franchising as a market entry mode influences the expansion of the company against the backdrop of the example.
Book Synopsis Chances and Risks of International Joint Ventures in the People's Republic of China by : Claus Guter
Download or read book Chances and Risks of International Joint Ventures in the People's Republic of China written by Claus Guter and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Assessment of Selected Investment Risk Exposures of Joint Ventures in China for Multinational Companies Headquarted in Hong Kong Or the United States by : Stephen P. Preacher
Download or read book An Assessment of Selected Investment Risk Exposures of Joint Ventures in China for Multinational Companies Headquarted in Hong Kong Or the United States written by Stephen P. Preacher and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem. The research required an investigation into an assessment of selected investment risk exposures of multinational companies headquartered in the United States and Hong Kong which have engaged in or planned to participate in joint ventures within the special economnic areas or mainstream economy of China. The method. A data sample of forty-five companies (twenty-two in Hong Kong and twenty-three in the United States) was obtained from a population of 187 published listings of parent companies with verifiable joint ventures. A questionnaire was mailed to top-level corporate managers responsible for or vitally involved in the joint venture investment decision. Each respondent was asked to provide opinion data by individually rating twenty-three risks on a continuum which indicated the degree of concern for each risk. The risks were classified as political, foreign exchange, or commerical. The data for joint ventures in China's special economic areas and mainstream economy were analyzed using percentage comparisons, rank orders, and t-tests. Tabulations also were provided to illustrate demographic data. The results. It was found that the political risk of primary concern for the special economic areas was the possibility of an excessive and unanticipated rise in taxes. For the mainstream economy, the highest conern expressed was the possibility of antagonistic attitudes developing toward foreign investment. The foreign exchange risk which received the highest priority was identical for both local groups. This concern involved the potential for financial loss from the restriction of currency exchange. This factor also was rated the greatest concern of all the risks evaluated in the survey. The primary commerical risk for the special economic areas was that of an inconsistent interpretation of the Chinese legal and regulatory structure. For the mainstream economy, the greatest commerical risk was found to be the failure or inability of the Chinese suppliers of raw materials to meet delivery schedules. It was concluded that joint ventures in China are faced with a moderate level of investment risk exposures. As a result of the two-tiered legal structure, the mainstream economy was reported to present a slightly higher political and commerical risk profile than was noted for the special economic areas.
Book Synopsis Direct Investment and Joint Ventures in China by : James E. Shapiro
Download or read book Direct Investment and Joint Ventures in China written by James E. Shapiro and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1991-08-13 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written primarily for business managers and government officials, this is a comprehensive and extremely timely handbook on how to successfully initiate and implement joint ventures and direct investments in China. The authors combine in one volume an appreciation of the nuances faced in the negotiation of U.S.-Chinese joint ventures, an examination of the investment environment in China and an assessment of its past traditions, present policies, and emerging problems. Case studies of a variety of actual joint ventures are especially valuable for readers involved in or planning to open negotiations in China. Several chapters assess the impacts of the events in Tianamen Square on foreign direct investment in the country. The book opens with two chapters which examine the reasons for China's open policy and the responses of foreign investors to the new policy. A group of chapters then explores the country's investment, cultural, and legal environments and their likely impacts on joint venture negotiations. Turning to an examination of Chinese markets and production capabilities, the authors assess consumption patterns, decision making, customer/supplier relations, local sourcing problems, transportation, the availability of skilled labor, management, and R&D. They go on to analyze the contributions of foreign direct investment, including the role of transnational corporations, and present a step-by-step guide to negotiating a joint venture in China and implementing the agreement reached. Finally, the authors look at prospects for development and modernization in China, particularly in terms of the trend towards recentralization following the Tianamen Square upheaval. In addition to business development managers, students in international business programs will find Direct Investment and Joint Ventures in China an indispensable resource.
