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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)
Download or read book Evaluating the Emission Reduction Benefits of WMATA Natural Gas Buses written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fact sheet details comparison of emissions of natural gas and diesel transit buses.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Evaluating the Emission Reduction Benefits of WMATA Natural Gas Buses written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fact sheet details comparison of emissions of natural gas and diesel transit buses.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (721 download)
Download or read book Studien zum bernischen Notariatsrecht written by and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Masami Kojima
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821350409
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (54 download)
Download or read book Breathing Clean written by Masami Kojima and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because evidence that shows that diesel fumes are more toxic than was previously thought, there has been increased interest in the use of natural gas for vehicles operating in cities. Transit buses, traditionally fueled by diesel, are one of the cheapest forms of mass transit. They are also significant polluters and typically operate in heavily congested urban areas, where significant air pollution problems exist. The report provides an overview of the issues that must be considered when evaluating natural gas an alternative to diesel for use in transit buses.
Author : Kevin Chandler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 69 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (179 download)
Download or read book Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority written by Kevin Chandler and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the evaluation of compressed natural gas (CNG) powered transit buses at Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), the report's objective is to provide a reasonable comparison between currently available CNG and standard diesel transit buses.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluates compressed natural gas (CNG) powered transit buses at Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), providing a comparison between them and standard diesel transit buses.
Author :
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309213258
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Guidebook for Evaluating Fuel Choices for Post-2010 Transit Bus Procurements written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2011 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Report 146: Guidebook for Evaluating Fuel Choices for Post-2010 Transit Bus Procurements is designed to help those considering the deployment of, or conversion to, alternative fuel buses.
Author : ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Inc
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 9780309062732
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (627 download)
Download or read book Guidebook for Evaluating, Selecting, and Implementing Fuel Choices for Transit Bus Operations written by ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Inc and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1998 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309496381
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Reducing Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, "medium- and heavy-duty vehicles", or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. This study is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles. That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs. On September 15, 2011, NHTSA and EPA finalized joint Phase I rules to establish a comprehensive Heavy-Duty National Program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption for on-road medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. As NHTSA and EPA began working on a second round of standards, the National Academies issued another report, Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: First Report, providing recommendations for the Phase II standards. This third and final report focuses on a possible third phase of regulations to be promulgated by these agencies in the next decade.
Author : Christina Davies
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (251 download)
Download or read book Assessment of the Greenhouse Gas Emission Benefits of Heavy Duty Natural Gas Vehicles in the United States written by Christina Davies and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research effort is to reduce the uncertainty associated with the greenhouse gas (GHG) benefits of heavy duty natural gas vehicles by producing new exhaust emission factors for carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from different heavy duty compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) vehicle applications through a comprehensive analysis of existing vehicle emissions test data.
Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 142891806X
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)
Download or read book Dallas Area Rapid Transit’s (DART) LNG Bus Fleet: Final Results, Alternative Fuel Transit Bus Evaluation written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christian Krelling
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)
Download or read book A Critical Assessment of CNG as an Alternative Fuel in Public Bus Transit in Delhi, India written by Christian Krelling and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The rapid motorization of transport in Indian cities has led to the implementation of several policies to address motor vehicle emissions, including the conversion of city buses to run on compressed natural gas (CNG) from around the year 2000. As part of this conversion, Delhi Transport Corporation’s (DTC) more than 3,000 diesel buses were replaced by Standard (high-floor) CNG buses, and from 2007-08, nearly 4,000 low-floor CNG buses have replaced the Standard CNG buses. CNG has also been implemented in the public bus fleets in other Indian cities. To help assess the long-term desirability of replacing diesel with CNG in India and similar contexts, and for informing techno-economic and environmental analyses of CNG bus transit operations, I assess the operational and financial performance consequences of, and the cost-effectiveness of emissions reductions due to CNG implementation in Delhi, India. My research shows that CNG implementation caused a significant reduction in DTC’s capacity to deliver transit service in the initial stages of the fuel transition, and also necessitated investments in buses at a considerable cost premium relative to their diesel counterparts. Further, bus life-cycle costs (LCCs) are higher for CNG than for diesel, but CNG negatively affects the LCC of Standard buses proportionately more than for the low-floor buses, for which the LCC is already high. The cost-effectiveness analysis of CNG bus emissions reductions showed that, while Standard CNG buses, relative to their diesel counterparts, offered the most potential in reducing PM and CO2(e) emissions in the early 2000s, the most cost-effective choice in tackling these emissions would have been to upgrade to a new fleet of diesel buses running on lower sulphur fuel and using improved exhaust aftertreatment systems. Also, considering the current implementation of CNG in other Indian cities, my analysis suggests that the higher costs of CNG may not justify the environmental benefits compared to available cleaner diesel bus technologies.The broader question I raise is that the financial situation resulting from these effects due to CNG implementation in Delhi may have detracted from the ability to enhance transit capacity and provide transit service overall. My research also shows the critical importance of the fuel price and fuel economy of CNG, for the competitiveness of CNG relative to diesel buses, and demonstrates the need for careful fuel pricing policies when CNG is implemented in bus transit. Finally, I also demonstrated the need to analyze policies such as CNG implementation broadly, in terms of conflicts and trade-offs between environmental, and other (transit operation, socio-economic and equity) objectives, rather than narrowly in terms of only environmental outcomes"--
Author : Jürgen Garche
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0444527451
Total Pages : 4532 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources written by Jürgen Garche and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 4532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources is a truly interdisciplinary reference for those working with batteries, fuel cells, electrolyzers, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical cells. With a focus on the environmental and economic impact of electrochemical power sources, this five-volume work consolidates coverage of the field and serves as an entry point to the literature for professionals and students alike. Covers the main types of power sources, including their operating principles, systems, materials, and applications Serves as a primary source of information for electrochemists, materials scientists, energy technologists, and engineers Incorporates nearly 350 articles, with timely coverage of such topics as environmental and sustainability considerations
Author : Mike Frailey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book An Evaluation of Natural Gas Versus Diesel in Medium-duty Buses written by Mike Frailey and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : R. Kobayashi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)
Download or read book CNG and Diesel Transit Bus Emissions in Review written by R. Kobayashi and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past three years, the California Air Resources Board (CARB), in collaboration with the University of California and other entities, has investigated the tailpipe emissions from three different latemodel, in-use heavy-duty transit buses in five different configurations. The study has focused on the measurement of regulated emissions (NOX, HC, CO, total PM), other gaseous emissions (CO2, NO2, CH4, NMHC), a number of pollutants of toxic risk significance (aromatics, carbonyls, PAHs, elements), composition (elemental and organic carbon), and the physical characterization (size-segregated number count and mass) of the particles in the exhaust aerosol. Emission samples are also tested in a modified Ames assay. The impact of oxidation catalyst control for both diesel and compressed natural gas (CNG) buses and a passive diesel particulate filter (DPF) were evaluated over multiple driving cycles (idle, 55 mph cruise, CBD, UDDS, NYBC) using a chassis dynamometer. For brevity, only CBD results are discussed in this paper and particle sizing results are omitted. The database of results is large and some findings have been reported already at various forums including last year's DEER conference. The goal of this paper is to offer an overview of the lessons learned and attempt to draw overall conclusions and interpretations based on key findings to date.
Download or read book Project Startup written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is evaluating the in-service performance of fast-charge battery electric buses compared to compressed natural gas (CNG) buses operated by Foothill Transit in West Covina, California. Launched in 2015 in collaboration with the California Air Resources Board, this study aims to improve understanding of the overall use and effectiveness of fast-charge electric buses and associated charging infrastructure in transit operation.
Download or read book In-Use Fleet Evaluation of Fast-Charge Battery Electric Transit Buses written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With support from the U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technologies Office, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducts real-world performance evaluations of advanced medium- and heavy-duty fleet vehicles. Evaluation results can help vehicle manufacturers fine-tune their designs and assist fleet managers in selecting fuel-efficient, low-emission vehicles that meet their economic and operational goals. In 2015, NREL launched an in-service evaluation of 12 battery electric buses (BEBs) compared to conventional compressed natural gas (CNG) buses operated by Foothill Transit in West Covina, California. The study aims to improve understanding of the overall usage and effectiveness of fast-charge BEBs and associated charging infrastructure in transit operation. To date, NREL researchers have analyzed more than 148,000 km of in-use operational data, including driving and charging events. Foothill Transit purchased the BEBs with grant funding from the Federal Transit Administration's Transit Investments for Greenhouse Gas and Energy Reduction Program.
