Ethics And Existence

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Ethics and Existence

Author : Jeff McMahan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192894250
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and Existence by : Jeff McMahan

Download or read book Ethics and Existence written by Jeff McMahan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derek Parfit, who died in 2017, is widely believed to have been the best moral philosopher in well over a century. The twenty new essays in this book were written in his honour and have all been inspired by his work--in particular, his work in an area of moral philosophy known as 'population ethics', which is concerned with moral issues raised by causing people to exist. Until Parfit began writing about these issues in the 1970s, there was almost no discussion of them in the entire history of philosophy. But his monumental book Reasons and Persons (OUP, 1984) revealed that population ethics abounds in deep and intractable problems and paradoxes that not only challenge all the major moral theories but also threaten to undermine many important common-sense moral beliefs. It is no exaggeration to say that there is a broad range of practical moral issues that cannot be adequately understood until fundamental problems in population ethics are resolved. These issues include abortion, prenatal injury, preconception and prenatal screening for disability, genetic enhancement and eugenics generally, meat eating, climate change, reparations for historical injustice, the threat of human extinction, and even proportionality in war. Although the essays in this book address foundational problems in population ethics that were discovered and first discussed by Parfit, they are not, for the most part, commentaries on his work but instead build on that work in advancing our understanding of the problems themselves. The contributors include many of the most important and influential writers in this burgeoning area of philosophy.

The Ethics of Everyday Life

Author : Michael Banner
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198722060
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethics of Everyday Life by : Michael Banner

Download or read book The Ethics of Everyday Life written by Michael Banner and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The moments in Christ's human life noted in the creeds (his conception, birth, suffering, death, and burial) are events which would likely appear in a syllabus for a course in social anthropology, for they are of special interest and concern in human life, and also sites of contention and controversy, where what it is to be human is discovered, constructed, and contested. In other words, these are the occasions for profound and continuing questioning regarding the meaning of human life, as controversies to do with IVF, abortion, euthanasia, and the use of bodies or body parts post mortem plainly indicate. Thus the following questions arise, how do the instances in Christ's life represent human life, and how do these representations relate to present day cultural norms, expectations, and newly emerging modes of relationship, themselves shaping and framing human life? How does the Christian imagination of human life, which dwells on and draws from the life of Christ, not only articulate its own, but also come into conversation with and engage other moral imaginaries of the human? Michael Banner argues that consideration of these questions requires study of moral theology, therefore, he reconceives its nature and tasks, and in particular, its engagement with social anthropology. Drawing from social anthropology and Christian thought and practice from many periods, and influenced especially by his engagement in public policy matters including as a member of the UK's Human Tissue Authority, Banner aims to develop the outlines of an everyday ethics, stretching from before the cradle to after the grave.

Spinoza's Book of Life

Author : Steven B. Smith
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300128495
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Spinoza's Book of Life by : Steven B. Smith

Download or read book Spinoza's Book of Life written by Steven B. Smith and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a new reading of Spinoza's masterpiece, Smith asserts that the 'Ethics' is a celebration of human freedom and its attendant joys and responsibilities and should be placed among the great founding documents of the Enlightenment.

The Ethics of Authenticity

Author : Charles Taylor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0674987691
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethics of Authenticity by : Charles Taylor

Download or read book The Ethics of Authenticity written by Charles Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Everywhere we hear talk of decline, of a world that was better once, maybe fifty years ago, maybe centuries ago, but certainly before modernity drew us along its dubious path. While some lament the slide of Western culture into relativism and nihilism and others celebrate the trend as a liberating sort of progress, Charles Taylor calls on us to face the moral and political crises of our time, and to make the most of modernity's challenges. "The great merit of Taylor's brief, non-technical, powerful book...is the vigor with which he restates the point which Hegel (and later Dewey) urged against Rousseau and Kant: that we are only individuals in so far as we are social... Being authentic, being faithful to ourselves, is being faithful to something which was produced in collaboration with a lot of other people... The core of Taylor's argument is a vigorous and entirely successful criticism of two intertwined bad ideas: that you are wonderful just because you are you, and that 'respect for difference' requires you to respect every human being, and every human culture--no matter how vicious or stupid." --Richard Rorty, London Review of Books

Principles and Persons

Author : Jeff McMahan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019264629X
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles and Persons by : Jeff McMahan

Download or read book Principles and Persons written by Jeff McMahan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derek Parfit, who died in 2017, is widely believed to have been the most significant moral philosopher in well over a century. The twenty-one new essays in this book have all been inspired by his work. They address issues with which he was concerned in his writing, particularly in his seminal contribution to moral philosophy, Reasons and Persons (OUP, 1984). Rather than simply commenting on his work, these essays attempt to make further progress with issues, both moral and prudential, that Parfit believed matter to our lives: issues concerned with how we ought to live, and what we have most reason to do. Topics covered in the book include the nature of personal identity, the basis of self-interested concern about the future, the rationality of our attitudes toward time, what it is for a life to go well or badly, how to evaluate moral theories, the nature of reasons for action, the aggregation of value, how benefits and harms should be distributed among people, and what degree of sacrifice morality requires us to make for the sake of others. These include some of the most important questions of normative ethical theory, as well as fundamental questions about the metaphysics of personhood and personal identity, and the ways in which the answers to these questions bear on what it is rational and moral for us to do.

Overwrite

Author : Armen Avanessian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783956791147
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Overwrite by : Armen Avanessian

Download or read book Overwrite written by Armen Avanessian and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overwrite: Ethics of Knowledge Poetics of Existence is about writing differently in order to situate oneself in the world differently. It is a book about how new truths are produced when a subject takes responsibility for his/her thinking, experiences and conflicts. When a subject rewrites and overwrites itself, it becomes an other, transforming the world in the process

Ethics and Social Survival

Author : Milton Fisk
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317238176
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and Social Survival by : Milton Fisk

Download or read book Ethics and Social Survival written by Milton Fisk and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When speaking of society’s role in ethics, one tends to think of society as regimenting people through its customs. Ethics and Social Survival rejects theories that treat ethics as having justification within itself and contends that ethics can have a grip on humans only if it serves their deep-seated need to live together. It takes a social-survival view of ethical life and its norms by arguing that ethics looks to society not for regimentation by customs, but rather for the viability of society. Fisk traces this theme through the work of various philosophers and builds a consideration of social divisions to show how rationalists fail to realize their aim of justifying ethical norms across divisions. The book also explores the relation of power and authority to ethics—without simply dismissing them as impediments—and explains how personal values such as honesty, modesty, and self-esteem still retain ethical importance. Finally, it shows that basing ethics on avoiding social collapse helps support familiar norms of liberty, justice, and democracy, and strives to connect global and local ethics.

New Methuselahs

Author : John K. Davis
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 026255156X
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis New Methuselahs by : John K. Davis

Download or read book New Methuselahs written by John K. Davis and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2024-03-19 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the ethical issues raised by the possibility of human life extension, including its desirability, unequal access, and the threat of overpopulation. Life extension—slowing or halting human aging—is now being taken seriously by many scientists. Although no techniques to slow human aging yet exist, researchers have successfully slowed aging in yeast, mice, and fruit flies, and have determined that humans share aging-related genes with these species. In New Methuselahs, John Davis offers a philosophical discussion of the ethical issues raised by the possibility of human life extension. Why consider these issues now, before human life extension is a reality? Davis points out that, even today, we are making policy and funding decisions about human life extension research that have ethical implications. With New Methuselahs, he provides a comprehensive guide to these issues, offering policy recommendations and a qualified defense of life extension. After an overview of the ethics and science of life extension, Davis considers such issues as the desirability of extended life; whether refusing extended life is a form of suicide; the Malthusian threat of overpopulation; equal access to life extension; and life extension and the right against harm. In the end, Davis sides neither with those who argue that there are no moral objections to life enhancement nor with those who argue that the moral objections are so strong that we should never develop it. Davis argues that life extension is, on balance, a good thing and that we should fund life extension research aggressively, and he proposes a feasible and just policy for preventing an overpopulation crisis.

The Ethics of Killing

Author : Jeff McMahan
Publisher : Oxford Ethics Series
ISBN 13 : 9780195169829
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (698 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethics of Killing by : Jeff McMahan

Download or read book The Ethics of Killing written by Jeff McMahan and published by Oxford Ethics Series. This book was released on 2002 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on philosophical notions of personal identity and the immorality of killing, Jeff McMahan looks at various issues, including abortion, infanticide, the killing of animals, assisted suicide, and euthanasia.

The Encyclopaedia Britannica

Author : Hugh Chisholm
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1016 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Encyclopaedia Britannica by : Hugh Chisholm

Download or read book The Encyclopaedia Britannica written by Hugh Chisholm and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Education, Ethics and Existence

Author : Peter Roberts
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317527224
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Education, Ethics and Existence by : Peter Roberts

Download or read book Education, Ethics and Existence written by Peter Roberts and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Best known today for his novels, plays and short stories, but also an accomplished essayist, editor and journalist, Albert Camus was one of the most influential literary figures of the 20th century. He has gained widespread recognition for works such as The Stranger, Caligula, The Plague and Exile and the Kingdom. In 1957 Camus was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. In 1960 he was killed in a car accident, aged just 46. Since Camus’ untimely death, his work has been engaged by scholars in literature, politics, philosophy and many other fields. This volume is one of the first book-length studies of Camus with a specifically educational focus. Camus’ writings raise and address ethical and political questions that resonate strongly with current concerns and debates in educational theory, and the difficulties and dilemmas faced by his characters mirror those encountered by many teachers in school classrooms. This book will appeal to all who wish to consider the connections between education, ethics and the problem of human existence. This book was originally published as a special issue of Educational Philosophy & Theory.

The Existence Puzzles

Author : M. A. Roberts
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197544142
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis The Existence Puzzles by : M. A. Roberts

Download or read book The Existence Puzzles written by M. A. Roberts and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Melinda A. Roberts introduces the newcomer to population ethics and investigates the key issues in a way that will be of interest to professional philosophers, economists, lawyers, and students in all those areas who seek to understand what a cogent, intuitively plausible theory of population will look like. To that end, Roberts presents five perplexing but telling existence puzzles that already are or shall soon become important parts of the population ethics literature: the Asymmetry Puzzle, the Pareto Puzzle, the Addition Puzzle, the Anonymity Puzzle, and the Better Chance Puzzle. Roberts develops solutions to the puzzles that together form a partial theory of population, a collection of principles grounded in intuition but highly sensitive to the formal demands of consistency and cogency.

Ethics Without Morals

Author : Joel Marks
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 041563556X
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics Without Morals by : Joel Marks

Download or read book Ethics Without Morals written by Joel Marks and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, Marks offers a defense of amorality as both philosophically justified and practicably livable. In so doing, the book marks a radical departure from both the new atheism and the mainstream of modern ethical philosophy. While in synch with their underlying aim of grounding human existence in a naturalistic metaphysics, the book takes both to task for maintaining a complacent embrace of morality. Marks advocates wiping the slate clean of outdated connotations by replacing the language of morality with a language of desire. The book begins with an analysis of what morality is and then argues that the concept is not instantiated in reality. Following this, the question of belief in morality is addressed: How would human life be affected if we accepted that morality does not exist? Marks argues that at the very least, a moralist would have little to complain about in an amoral world, and at best we might hope for a world that was more to our liking overall. An extended look at the human encounter with nonhuman animals serves as an illustration of amorality's potential to make both theoretical and practical headway in resolving heretofore intractable ethical problems.

Ethics and the Problem of Evil

Author : Marilyn McCord Adams
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253024382
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and the Problem of Evil by : Marilyn McCord Adams

Download or read book Ethics and the Problem of Evil written by Marilyn McCord Adams and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provocative essays that seek “to turn the attention of analytic philosophy of religion on the problem of evil . . . towards advances in ethical theory” (Reading Religion). The contributors to this book—Marilyn McCord Adams, John Hare, Linda Zagzebski, Laura Garcia, Bruce Russell, Stephen Wykstra, and Stephen Maitzen—attended two University of Notre Dame conferences in which they addressed the thesis that there are yet untapped resources in ethical theory for affecting a more adequate solution to the problem of evil. The problem of evil has been an extremely active area of study in the philosophy of religion for many years. Until now, most sources have focused on logical, metaphysical, and epistemological issues, leaving moral questions as open territory. With the resources of ethical theory firmly in hand, this volume provides lively insight into this ageless philosophical issue. “These essays—and others—will be of primary interest to scholars working in analytic philosophy of religion from a self-consciously Christian standpoint, but its audience is not limited to such persons. The book offers illustrative examples of how scholars in philosophy of religion understand their aims and how they go about making their arguments . . . hopefully more work will follow this volume’s lead.”—Reading Religion “Recommended.”—Choice

Ethics at the End of Life

Author : John Davis
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317541472
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics at the End of Life by : John Davis

Download or read book Ethics at the End of Life written by John Davis and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-08 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 14 chapters in Ethics at the End of Life: New Issues and Arguments, all published here for the first time, focus on recent thinking in this important area, helping initiate issues and lines of argument that have not been explored previously. At the same time, a reader can use this volume to become oriented to the established questions and positions in end of life ethics, both because new questions are set in their context, and because most of the chapters—written by a team of experts—survey the field as well as add to it. Each chapter includes initial summaries, final conclusions, and a Related Topics section. TABLE OF CONTENTS John K. Davis, "Introduction" Geoffrey Scarre, "Is it possible to be better off dead?" Taylor W. Cyr, "How Does Death Harm the Deceased?" Benjamin Mitchell-Yellin, "The Significance of an Afterlife" Jens Johansson, "The Severity of Death" John K. Davis, "Defining Death" James Stacey Taylor, "Autonomy, Competence, and End of Life" Eric Vogelstein, "Deciding for the Incompetent" Paul T. Menzel, "Change of Mind: An Issue for Advance Directives" Nancy S. Jecker, "Medical Futility and Respect for Patient Autonomy" Paul T. Menzel, "Refusing Lifesaving Medical Treatment and Food and Water by Mouth" Thomas S. Huddle, "Suicide, Physician-Assisted Suicide, the Doing-Allowing Distinction and Double Effect" Michael Cholbi, "Grief and End of Life Surrogate Decision-making" Bruce Jennings, "Solidarity near the End of Life: The Promise of Relational Decision-making in the Care of the Dying" Colin Farrelly, "Justice and the Aging of the Human Species"

Existentialist Ethics

Author : Mary Warnock
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Existentialist Ethics by : Mary Warnock

Download or read book Existentialist Ethics written by Mary Warnock and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fearfully and Wonderfully Made

Author : Megan Best
Publisher : InterVarsity Press
ISBN 13 : 9781921896613
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (966 download)

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Book Synopsis Fearfully and Wonderfully Made by : Megan Best

Download or read book Fearfully and Wonderfully Made written by Megan Best and published by InterVarsity Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What sort of contraception, if any, should I use? When does human life begin-at fertilisation or at some point after that? What are the arguments for and against abortion? Is it OK to use genetic screening and other pre-natal tests to check for abnormalities in my unborn baby? Should Christians use IVF and other assisted reproductive technologies? What is the current state of embryonic stem cell research? These are just some of the many complex and emotion-laden questions we face in the rapidly changing field of reproductive medicine, and most Christians do so with two very significant handicaps: We dont have accurate up-to-date information about the medical and technological issues involved; we have not thought through a sound, biblical framework for making ethical decisions in this area. Dr Megan Best provides what is lacking in both of these vital areas. Built on extensive historical, biblical and medical research, FEARFULLY AND WONDERFULLY MADE is the comprehensive, accurate, biblically-based ethical handbook that Christians have been waiting for.