Ethical Veganism, Virtue Ethics, and the Great Soul

Download Ethical Veganism, Virtue Ethics, and the Great Soul PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498590020
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ethical Veganism, Virtue Ethics, and the Great Soul by : Carlo Alvaro

Download or read book Ethical Veganism, Virtue Ethics, and the Great Soul written by Carlo Alvaro and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of animals are brought into existence and raised for food every year. This has generated three serious problems: first, intensive animal farming is one of the leading causes of environmental degradation. Farming livestock contributes to a large amount of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere each year; it contributes to land and water degradation, biodiversity loss, coral reef degeneration, and deforestation. Second, raising animals for food causes millions of animals to suffer and be killed. And third, consumption of meat and animal products is linked with heart disease, diabetes, and various cancers. Consequently, a global change in the way that animals are treated is imperative. Many moral philosophers have suggested a move toward vegetarianism. But vegetarianism, unfortunately, still relies on raising animals for food, and does not avoid the deleterious effects of animal products on human health. The right solution is ethical veganism, which is the avoidance of all animal products and by-products. Some moral philosophers have framed ethical veganism in terms of animals having the same fundamental rights as humans, a notion that is highly controversial. In any case, the view that animals have rights is not capable of generating the moral duty to embrace ethical veganism. The answer is to adopt a virtue-oriented approach to the treatment of animals because the acquisition of virtues, such as compassion, magnanimity, temperance, and fairness enable people to see that raising and using animals for food is unfair, callous, and self-indulgent.

Raw Veganism

Download Raw Veganism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000037940
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Raw Veganism by : Carlo Alvaro

Download or read book Raw Veganism written by Carlo Alvaro and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human beings are getting fatter and sicker. As we question what we eat and why we eat it, this book argues that living well involves consuming a raw vegan diet. With eating healthfully and eating ethically being simpler said than done, this book argues that the best solution to health, environmental, and ethical problems concerning animals is raw veganism—the human diet. The human diet is what humans are naturally designed to eat, and that is, a raw vegan diet of fruit, tender leafy greens, and occasionally nuts and seeds. While veganism raises challenging questions over the ethics of consuming animal products, while also considering the environmental impact of the agriculture industry, raw veganism goes a step further and argues that consuming cooked food is also detrimental to our health and the environment. Cooking foods allows us to eat food that is not otherwise fit for human consumption and in an age that promotes eating foods in ‘moderation’ and having ‘balanced’ diets, this raises the question of why we are eating foods that should only be consumed in moderation at all, as moderation clearly implies they aren’t good for us. In addition, from an environmental perspective, the use of stoves, ovens and microwaves for cooking contributes significantly to energy consumption and cooking in general generates excessive waste of food and resources. Thus, this book maintains that living well and living a noble life, that is, good physical and moral health, requires consuming a raw vegan diet. Exploring the scientific and philosophical aspects of raw veganism, this novel book is essential reading for all interested in promoting ethical, healthful, and sustainable diets.

Dialogues on Ethical Vegetarianism

Download Dialogues on Ethical Vegetarianism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429638000
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Dialogues on Ethical Vegetarianism by : Michael Huemer

Download or read book Dialogues on Ethical Vegetarianism written by Michael Huemer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-27 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After lives filled with deep suffering, 74 billion animals are slaughtered worldwide every year on factory farms. Is it wrong to buy the products of this industry? In this book, two college students – a meat-eater and an ethical vegetarian – discuss this question in a series of dialogues conducted over four days. The issues they cover include: how intelligence affects the badness of pain, whether consumers are responsible for the practices of an industry, how individual choices affect an industry, whether farm animals are better off living on factory farms than not existing at all, whether meat-eating is natural, whether morality protects those who cannot understand morality, whether morality protects those who are not members of society, whether humans alone possess souls, whether different creatures have different degrees of consciousness, why extreme animal welfare positions "sound crazy," and the role of empathy in moral judgment. The two students go on to discuss the vegan life, why people who accept the arguments in favor of veganism often fail to change their behavior, and how vegans should interact with non-vegans. A foreword, by Peter Singer, introduces and provides context for the dialogues, and a final annotated bibliography offers a list of sources related to the discussion. It offers abstracts of the most important books and articles related to the ethics of vegetarianism and veganism. Key Features: Thoroughly reviews the common arguments on both sides of the debate. Dialogue format provides the most engaging way of introducing the issues. Written in clear, conversational prose for a popular audience. Offers new insights into the psychology of our dietary choices and our responsibility for influencing others.

Deism

Download Deism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781680532456
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (324 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Deism by : Carlo Alvaro

Download or read book Deism written by Carlo Alvaro and published by . This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is often claimed that belief in God is based on faith, while non-belief is grounded in rationality. This claim is inaccurate. Moral philosopher Carlo Alvaro takes the reader through his philosophical journey-a journey taken with the absolute absence of faith. Through reasoning alone, and with an objective assessment of the classical theistic arguments, Deism takes the reader from disbelief to a particular version of deism. Deism discusses such arguments as the Kalam Cosmological, the asymmetry against the evil-god challenge, the anthropic principle, and the moral. Such arguments lead to the undeniable conclusion that there exists a timeless, space-less, wholly good, and infinitely powerful being endowed with freedom of the will, who brought the universe into existence a finite time ago. An objective appraisal of such arguments leads to the conclusions that atheism is an irrational philosophical position, that God does not interact with humans, at least not during our physical existence on earth, and that God is the best explanation of the objectivity of moral value and duty.

The Ethics of Eating Animals

Download The Ethics of Eating Animals PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000497267
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Ethics of Eating Animals by : Bob Fischer

Download or read book The Ethics of Eating Animals written by Bob Fischer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intensive animal agriculture wrongs many, many animals. Philosophers have argued, on this basis, that most people in wealthy Western contexts are morally obligated to avoid animal products. This book explains why the author thinks that’s mistaken. He reaches this negative conclusion by contending that the major arguments for veganism fail: they don’t establish the right sort of connection between producing and eating animal-based foods. Moreover, if they didn’t have this problem, then they would have other ones: we wouldn’t be obliged to abstain from all animal products, but to eat strange things instead—e.g., roadkill, insects, and things left in dumpsters. On his view, although we have a collective obligation not to farm animals, there is no specific diet that most individuals ought to have. Nevertheless, he does think that some people are obligated to be vegans, but that’s because they’ve joined a movement, or formed a practical identity, that requires that sacrifice. This book argues that there are good reasons to make such a move, albeit not ones strong enough to show that everyone must do likewise.

Can Animals Be Persons?

Download Can Animals Be Persons? PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190846046
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Can Animals Be Persons? by : Mark Rowlands

Download or read book Can Animals Be Persons? written by Mark Rowlands and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can animals be persons? To this question, scientific and philosophical consensus has taken the form of a resounding, 'No!' In this book, Mark Rowlands disagrees. Not only can animals be persons, many of them probably are. Taking, as his starting point, John Locke's classic definition of a person, as "a thinking intelligent being, that has reason and reflection, and can consider itself the same thinking thing, in different times and places," Rowlands argues that many animals can satisfy all of these conditions. A person is an individual in which four features coalesce: consciousness, rationality, self-awareness and other-awareness, and many animals are such individuals. Consciousness--something that is like to have an experience--is widely distributed through the animal kingdom. Many animals are capable of both causal and logical reasoning. Many animals are also self-aware, since a form of self-awareness is essentially built into the possession of conscious experience. And some animals are capable of a kind of awareness of the minds of others, quite independently of whether they possess a theory of mind. This is not just a book about animals, however. As well as being fascinating in their own right, animals, as Claude Levi-Strauss once put it, are "good to think." In this seamless interweaving of the empirical study of animal minds with philosophy and its history, this book makes a powerful case for the idea that reflection on animals allows us to better understand each of these four pillars of personhood, and so illuminates what means for any individual--animal or human--to be conscious, rational, self- and other-aware.

Cloud Atlas (20th Anniversary Edition)

Download Cloud Atlas (20th Anniversary Edition) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Vintage Canada
ISBN 13 : 0307373576
Total Pages : 541 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (73 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cloud Atlas (20th Anniversary Edition) by : David Mitchell

Download or read book Cloud Atlas (20th Anniversary Edition) written by David Mitchell and published by Vintage Canada. This book was released on 2010-07-16 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #1 INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER • A timeless, structure-bending classic that explores how actions of individual lives impact the past, present and future—from a postmodern visionary and one of the leading voices in fiction Featuring a new afterword by David Mitchell and a new introduction by Gabrielle Zevin, author of Tomorrow, and Tomorrow, and Tomorrow One of the New York Times’s 100 Best Books of the 21st Century • Shortlisted for the International Booker Prize Cloud Atlas begins in 1850 with Adam Ewing, an American notary voyaging from the Chatham Isles to his home in California. Ewing is befriended by a physician, Dr. Goose, who begins to treat him for a rare species of brain parasite. The novel careens, with dazzling virtuosity, to Belgium in 1931, to the West Coast in the 1970s, to an inglorious present-day England, to a Korean superstate of the near future where neocapitalism has run amok, and, finally, to a postapocalyptic Iron Age Hawaii in the last days of history. But the story doesn’t end even there. The novel boomerangs back through centuries and space, returning by the same route, in reverse, to its starting point. Along the way, David Mitchell reveals how his disparate characters connect, how their fates intertwine, and how their souls drift across time like clouds across the sky. As wild as a video game, as mysterious as a Zen koan, Cloud Atlas is an unforgettable tour de force that, like its incomparable author, has transcended its cult classic status to become a worldwide phenomenon.

The Ethics of Identity

Download The Ethics of Identity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069125477X
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Ethics of Identity by : Kwame Anthony Appiah

Download or read book The Ethics of Identity written by Kwame Anthony Appiah and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2023-10-03 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bold vision of liberal humanism for navigating today’s complex world of growing identity politics and rising nationalism Collective identities such as race, nationality, religion, gender, and sexuality clamor for recognition and respect, sometimes at the expense of other things we value. To what extent do they constrain our freedom, and to what extent do they enable our individuality? Is diversity of value in itself? Has the rhetoric of human rights been overstretched? Kwame Anthony Appiah draws on thinkers through the ages and across the globe to explore such questions, developing an account of ethics that connects moral obligations with collective allegiances and that takes aim at clichés and received ideas about identity. This classic book takes seriously both the claims of individuality—the task of making a life—and the claims of identity, these large and often abstract social categories through which we define ourselves.

Vegan Freak

Download Vegan Freak PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ReadHowYouWant.com
ISBN 13 : 1458770877
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (587 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Vegan Freak by : Bob Torres

Download or read book Vegan Freak written by Bob Torres and published by ReadHowYouWant.com. This book was released on 2010 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this informative and practical guide, two seasoned vegans offer tips and advice for thriving without animal by-products. Sometimes funny and irreverent, yet always aware of its serious message, this resource for being vegan in a world that doesn’t always understand or have sympathy for the lifestyle illustrates how to: go vegan in three weeks or less by employing a "cold tofu method"; convince family, friends, and others that there is no such thing as a vegan cult; and survive restaurants, grocery stores, and meals with omnivores.

The Vegetarian Myth (16pt Large Print Edition)

Download The Vegetarian Myth (16pt Large Print Edition) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780369370570
Total Pages : 662 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (75 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Vegetarian Myth (16pt Large Print Edition) by : Lierre Keith

Download or read book The Vegetarian Myth (16pt Large Print Edition) written by Lierre Keith and published by . This book was released on 2011-06-10 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part memoir, nutritional primer, and political manifesto, this controversial examination exposes the destructive history of agricultureâ "causing the devastation of prairies and forests, driving countless species extinct, altering the climate, and destroying the topsoilâ "and asserts that, in order to save the planet, food must come from within living communities. In order for this to happen, the argument champions eating locally and sustainably and encourages those with the resources to grow their own food. Further examining the question of what to eat from the perspective of both human and environmental health, the account goes beyond health choices and discusses potential moral issues from eatingâ "or not eatingâ "animals. Through the deeply personal narrative of someone who practiced veganism for 20 years, this unique exploration also discusses alternatives to industrial farming, reveals the risks of a vegan diet, and explains why animals belong on ecologically sound farms.

Meat Less: The Next Food Revolution

Download Meat Less: The Next Food Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303123961X
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Meat Less: The Next Food Revolution by : David Julian McClements

Download or read book Meat Less: The Next Food Revolution written by David Julian McClements and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-14 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reducing the amount of meat in our diet would have major environmental benefits, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, pollution, deforestation, and biodiversity loss. Moreover, it would have wide-ranging ethical benefits by decreasing the huge number of livestock animals confined and killed each year for food. For consumers, there may also be health benefits from a meat-less diet, provided it was carefully planned. Advances in modern science and technology, including plant-based, microbial, lab-grown, and insect meats, are revolutionizing the food industry and making it easier for consumers worldwide to maintain a meat-less diet. In Meat Less: The Next Food Revolution I outline my own journey as a food scientist who became a vegetarian in solidarity with my daughter. In writing this book I take the viewpoint that there are no easy answers and that everyone must make the decision to eat meat or not based on their own values. The first chapters examine the impact of meat consumption on the environment, human health, and animal welfare, including the important questions of how much does eating meat really contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, pollution, and biodiversity loss, what are the ethical implications of raising and killing animals for food, and the impact of reducing meat consumption on human nutrition and health. I then discuss some of the new technologies that are being developed to create alternatives to meat, including plant-based meat, cultured (lab-grown) meat, microbial meat, and insect meat. I present the science behind these new technologies and their potential for making a difference to climate change and human health. In the final chapter, I discuss why I remain a vegetarian and have decided to dedicate the rest of my scientific career to finding sustainable and healthy alternatives to meat, presenting my vision of the human diet in 2050.

Moral Issues and Movies

Download Moral Issues and Movies PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9781792433122
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (331 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Moral Issues and Movies by : Joseph M. Forte

Download or read book Moral Issues and Movies written by Joseph M. Forte and published by Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company. This book was released on 2021-01-18 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to foster undergraduate student engagement and understanding by using recent mainstream films to illuminate philosophical concepts and texts. The book employs annotations and commentary to explain possibly confusing aspects of excerpts from classical philosophy texts, curated for each chapter.

Smart Food Industry: The Blockchain for Sustainable Engineering

Download Smart Food Industry: The Blockchain for Sustainable Engineering PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040005799
Total Pages : 629 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Smart Food Industry: The Blockchain for Sustainable Engineering by : Eduardo Jacob Lopes

Download or read book Smart Food Industry: The Blockchain for Sustainable Engineering written by Eduardo Jacob Lopes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-13 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart Food Industry: The Blockchain for Sustainable Engineering, Volume II - Current Status, Future Foods, and Global Issues reviews the literature and scientific frameworks to present a kind of sustainability compass. Disruptive approaches around potential sustainable foods are also widely investigated in order to be an alternative route for the industrial future. Thus, this book proposes new concepts and strategies to face future sustainability challenges that are on the horizon and can impact the next generation of foods. Divided into three parts, this book discusses the (i) status of sustainable food industry, (ii) next generation and future technology for sustainable foods, and (iii) policy, social, economic, and environmental aspects in food industries. Given the book's breadth, it provides readers with an invaluable reference resource for students, researchers, graduates, and professionals, in general, who wish to gain knowledge about the engineering and food processing area so as to achieve sustainable food production.

An Ape Ethic and the Question of Personhood

Download An Ape Ethic and the Question of Personhood PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1793619719
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (936 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis An Ape Ethic and the Question of Personhood by : Gregory F. Tague

Download or read book An Ape Ethic and the Question of Personhood written by Gregory F. Tague and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-03-05 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gregory F. Tague’s An Ape Ethic and the Question of Personhood argues that great apes are moral individuals because they engage in a land ethic as ecosystem engineers to generate ecologically sustainable biomes for themselves and other species. Tague shows that we need to recognize apes as eco-engineers in order to save them and their habitats, and that in so doing, we will ultimately save earth’s biosphere. The book draws on extensive empirical research from the ecology and behavior of great apes and synthesizes past and current understanding of the similarities in cognition, social behavior, and culture found in apes. Importantly, this book proposes that differences between humans and apes provide the foundation for the call to recognize forest personhood in the great apes. While all ape species are alike in terms of cognition, intelligence, and behaviors, there is a vital contrast: unlike humans, great apes are efficient ecological engineers. Therefore, simian forest sovereignty is critical to conservation efforts in controlling global warming, and apes should be granted dominion over their tropical forests. Weaving together philosophy, biology, socioecology, and elements from eco-psychology, this book provides a glimmer of hope for future acknowledgment of the inherent ethic that ape species embody in their eco-centered existence on this planet.

Dominion

Download Dominion PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : St. Martin's Press
ISBN 13 : 1429980435
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Dominion by : Matthew Scully

Download or read book Dominion written by Matthew Scully and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2003-10-08 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth." --Genesis 1:24-26 In this crucial passage from the Old Testament, God grants mankind power over animals. But with this privilege comes the grave responsibility to respect life, to treat animals with simple dignity and compassion. Somewhere along the way, something has gone wrong. In Dominion, we witness the annual convention of Safari Club International, an organization whose wealthier members will pay up to $20,000 to hunt an elephant, a lion or another animal, either abroad or in American "safari ranches," where the animals are fenced in pens. We attend the annual International Whaling Commission conference, where the skewed politics of the whaling industry come to light, and the focus is on developing more lethal, but not more merciful, methods of harvesting "living marine resources." And we visit a gargantuan American "factory farm," where animals are treated as mere product and raised in conditions of mass confinement, bred for passivity and bulk, inseminated and fed with machines, kept in tightly confined stalls for the entirety of their lives, and slaughtered in a way that maximizes profits and minimizes decency. Throughout Dominion, Scully counters the hypocritical arguments that attempt to excuse animal abuse: from those who argue that the Bible's message permits mankind to use animals as it pleases, to the hunter's argument that through hunting animal populations are controlled, to the popular and "scientifically proven" notions that animals cannot feel pain, experience no emotions, and are not conscious of their own lives. The result is eye opening, painful and infuriating, insightful and rewarding. Dominion is a plea for human benevolence and mercy, a scathing attack on those who would dismiss animal activists as mere sentimentalists, and a demand for reform from the government down to the individual. Matthew Scully has created a groundbreaking work, a book of lasting power and importance for all of us.

The Plant-based and Vegan Handbook

Download The Plant-based and Vegan Handbook PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031630831
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (316 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Plant-based and Vegan Handbook by : Yanoula Athanassakis

Download or read book The Plant-based and Vegan Handbook written by Yanoula Athanassakis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Beyond Mechanism

Download Beyond Mechanism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 0739174371
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Beyond Mechanism by : Brian G. Henning

Download or read book Beyond Mechanism written by Brian G. Henning and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been said that new discoveries and developments in the human, social, and natural sciences hang “in the air” (Bowler, 1983; 2008) prior to their consummation. While neo-Darwinist biology has been powerfully served by its mechanistic metaphysic and a reductionist methodology in which living organisms are considered machines, many of the chapters in this volume place this paradigm into question. Pairing scientists and philosophers together, this volume explores what might be termed “the New Frontiers” of biology, namely contemporary areas of research that appear to call an updating, a supplementation, or a relaxation of some of the main tenets of the Modern Synthesis. Such areas of investigation include: Emergence Theory, Systems Biology, Biosemiotics, Homeostasis, Symbiogenesis, Niche Construction, the Theory of Organic Selection (also known as “the Baldwin Effect”), Self-Organization and Teleodynamics, as well as Epigenetics. Most of the chapters in this book offer critical reflections on the neo-Darwinist outlook and work to promote a novel synthesis that is open to a greater degree of inclusivity as well as to a more holistic orientation in the biological sciences.