Estimating Mass Discharge From Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Source Zones Using Upscaled Mass Transfer Coefficients An Evaluation Using Multiphase Numerical Simulations

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Estimating Mass Discharge From Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Source Zones Using Upscaled Mass Transfer Coefficients: An Evaluation Using Multiphase Numerical Simulations

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Estimating Mass Discharge From Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Source Zones Using Upscaled Mass Transfer Coefficients: An Evaluation Using Multiphase Numerical Simulations by :

Download or read book Estimating Mass Discharge From Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Source Zones Using Upscaled Mass Transfer Coefficients: An Evaluation Using Multiphase Numerical Simulations written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Difficulties associated with identifying the dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source zone architecture at the field scale, combined with the computational costs of field-scale DNAPL dissolution simulations, have motivated the development of a number of simplified models that rely upon upscaled (i.e., domain-averaged) mass transfer coefficients to approximate field-scale dissolution processes. While conceptually attractive, these upscaled models have yet to be fully evaluated for prediction of mass recovery from a range of nonuniform, three-dimensional DNAPL source zones. This study compares upscaled model predictions of flux-weighted downstream concentrations and source longevity to predictions derived from three-dimensional multiphase numerical simulation of tetrachloroethene (PCE)-NAPL dissolution for realizations of a statistically homogeneous, nonuniform aquifer. Although the functional forms of the upscaled models are generally shown to be mathematically equivalent, upscaled model flux-weighted concentration predictions varied by over one order of magnitude, with variations attributed to the dependence of the upscaled model parameters on the specific source zone scenario used for model calibration. Replacement of upscaled model calibration parameters with source zone parameters that can be obtained from site characterization information (specifically, the initial flux-weighted concentration and source zone ganglia-to-pool (GTP) mass ratio) reduced the root-mean-square error between upscaled and numerical model predictions by approximately 80%. Application of this modified model to a range of source zone scenarios (0.4

Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation

Author : Bernard H. Kueper
Publisher : Springer Science & Business
ISBN 13 : 1461469228
Total Pages : 759 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation by : Bernard H. Kueper

Download or read book Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation written by Bernard H. Kueper and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to help engineers and scientists better understand dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contamination of groundwater and the methods and technology used for characterization and remediation. Remediation of DNAPL source zones is very difficult and controversial and must be based on state-of-the-art knowledge of the behavior (transport and fate) of nonaqueous phase liquids in the subsurface and site specific geology, chemistry and hydrology. This volume is focused on the characterization and remediation of nonaqueous phase chlorinated solvents and it is hoped that mid-level engineers and scientists will find this book helpful in understanding the current state-of-practice of DNAPL source zone management and remediation.

Delivery and Mixing in the Subsurface

Author : Peter K. Kitanidis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461422396
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Delivery and Mixing in the Subsurface by : Peter K. Kitanidis

Download or read book Delivery and Mixing in the Subsurface written by Peter K. Kitanidis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is meant to provide the practitioner with information on the natural mixing processes occurring in aquifers as well as to describe basic strategies that can be implemented to enhance mixing in particular cases. For example, when it comes to mixing miscible liquids, one can speed up mixing in the formation by manipulating the flow such as through the use of recirculation wells. Furthermore, much of the mixing can be achieved partially within recirculation wells themselves, where contaminated water is admixed with additives, volatile products may be removed through a vapor mass exchanger, etc. Thus, adding mixing wells can significantly increase the performance of the delivery and mixing system and speed up the process of remediation.

Physical and Chemical Dissolution Front Instability in Porous Media

Author : Chongbin Zhao
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319084615
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Physical and Chemical Dissolution Front Instability in Porous Media by : Chongbin Zhao

Download or read book Physical and Chemical Dissolution Front Instability in Porous Media written by Chongbin Zhao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-18 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph provides state-of-the-art theoretical and computational findings from investigations on physical and chemical dissolution front instability problems in porous media, based on the author’s own work. Although numerical results are provided to complement theoretical ones, the focus of this monograph is on the theoretical aspects of the topic and those presented in this book are applicable to a wide range of scientific and engineering problems involving the instability of nonlinear dynamic systems. To appeal to a wider readership, common mathematical notations are used to derive the theoretical solutions. The book can be used either as a useful textbook for postgraduate students or as a valuable reference book for computational scientists, mathematicians, engineers and geoscientists.

Estimation, Optimization, and Value of Information in Groundwater Remediation

Author : Xiaoyi Liu
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Estimation, Optimization, and Value of Information in Groundwater Remediation by : Xiaoyi Liu

Download or read book Estimation, Optimization, and Value of Information in Groundwater Remediation written by Xiaoyi Liu and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solving groundwater problems involves a system of methods in characterization and optimization. However, no matter how theoretically sound a method may be, when it is applied in the field, uncertainty is always an important factor that cannot be neglected. Indeed, a good theory or method has to be validated in field applications, and uncertainty propagates from one stage (e.g. characterization) of the application to the next (e.g. remediation optimization). Thus, it is essential for such methods not only to include uncertainty but also to quantify uncertainty in a practical sense. This dissertation covers three important topics in groundwater remediation: site characterization, remediation optimization, and value of information. First, groundwater contamination site characterization with Monte Carlo methods, specifically, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, is introduced. Then, another subsurface characterization method, stochastic inverse modeling, is covered with an emphasis on solving large-scale characterization problems, meaning resolving the subsurface heterogeneity with a high-resolution. Both methods provide estimation of the site and uncertainty about the estimation. When these characterization results are used for site management such as remediation management, effects of uncertainty on optimization need to be quantified under the specific context of the remediation problem, and traditional measures of uncertainty such as variance and correlation coefficients cannot handle this job well because they do not necessarily depict the severity of uncertainty. In this dissertation, value of information (VOI), defined as the expected cost with the present state of uncertainty minus the expected cost if uncertainty were fully or partially removed, is proposed as a context-specific measure of uncertainty, i.e., it is dependent on site conditions and remediation strategies as well as specific remediation objectives and unit costs. Several laboratory and numerical applications on hydraulic tomography and DNAPL contamination remediation are included in this dissertation to show the efficacy of the methods proposed.

In Situ Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent Plumes

Author : Hans F. Stroo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441914013
Total Pages : 807 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis In Situ Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent Plumes by : Hans F. Stroo

Download or read book In Situ Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent Plumes written by Hans F. Stroo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-10 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1970s and early 1980s, our nation began to grapple with the legacy of past disposal practices for toxic chemicals. With the passage in 1980 of the Comprehensive Envir- mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), commonly known as Sup- fund, it became the law of the land to remediate these sites. The U. S. Department of Defense (DoD), the nation’s largest industrial organization, also recognized that it too had a legacy of contaminated sites. Historic operations at Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps facilities, ranges, manufacturing sites, shipyards, and depots had resulted in widespread contamination of soil, groundwater, and sediment. While Superfund began in 1980 to focus on remediation of heavily contaminated sites largely abandoned or neglected by the private sector, the DoD had already initiated its Installation Restoration Program in the mid-1970s. In 1984, the DoD began the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP) for contaminated site assessment and remediation. Two years later, the U. S. Congress codified the DERP and directed the Secretary of Defense to carry out a concurrent program of research, development, and demonstration of innovative remediation technologies. As chronicled in the 1994 National Research Council report, “Ranking Hazardous-Waste Sites for Remedial Action,” our early estimates on the cost and suitability of existing techn- ogies for cleaning up contaminated sites were wildly optimistic. Original estimates, in 1980, projected an average Superfund cleanup cost of a mere $3.

Groundwater Quality

Author : Michael G. Trefry
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Groundwater Quality by : Michael G. Trefry

Download or read book Groundwater Quality written by Michael G. Trefry and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected and reviewed papers from the Groundwater Quality 2007 conference held in Fremantle, Australia, 2-7 December 2007.

Contaminants in the Subsurface

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030909447X
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Contaminants in the Subsurface by : National Research Council

Download or read book Contaminants in the Subsurface written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-23 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.

Determination of Mass Transfer Coefficients for a Dissolving Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Pool in Porous Media

Author : Pin-yi Hsuan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (458 download)

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Book Synopsis Determination of Mass Transfer Coefficients for a Dissolving Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Pool in Porous Media by : Pin-yi Hsuan

Download or read book Determination of Mass Transfer Coefficients for a Dissolving Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Pool in Porous Media written by Pin-yi Hsuan and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Multicomponent Mass Transfer

Author : Ross Taylor
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471574170
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (741 download)

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Book Synopsis Multicomponent Mass Transfer by : Ross Taylor

Download or read book Multicomponent Mass Transfer written by Ross Taylor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1993-12-16 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses the use of rigorous multicomponent mass transfer models for the simulation and design of process equipment. Deals with the basic equations of diffusion in multicomponent systems. Describes various models and estimations of rates of mass and energy transfer. Covers applications of multicomponent mass transfer models to process design. Includes appendices providing necessary mathematical background. Contains a large number of numerical examples worked out in detail.

Evaluation of liquid phase mass transfer coefficient

Author : Joei Tarng Hsu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of liquid phase mass transfer coefficient by : Joei Tarng Hsu

Download or read book Evaluation of liquid phase mass transfer coefficient written by Joei Tarng Hsu and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Experimental Assessment and Modeling of Organic Compound Interphase Mass-transfer Rates in Multiphase Subsurface Systems. Progress Report

Download Experimental Assessment and Modeling of Organic Compound Interphase Mass-transfer Rates in Multiphase Subsurface Systems. Progress Report PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Assessment and Modeling of Organic Compound Interphase Mass-transfer Rates in Multiphase Subsurface Systems. Progress Report by :

Download or read book Experimental Assessment and Modeling of Organic Compound Interphase Mass-transfer Rates in Multiphase Subsurface Systems. Progress Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the initial eight month period of this grant, work has been conducted on all facets of the project. Significant progress has been made in the design, construction and testing of the experimental apparatus. Investigation of methods for characterizing the physical forms of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) residuals (globules or blobs) has led to a narrowing of possible approaches. Development of a numerical simulator that accomodates multiphase transport with mass transfer rate interactions is well underway.

Mass Transfer in Multiphase Systems and Its Applications

Author : Sunan Metharom
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781681175201
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (752 download)

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Book Synopsis Mass Transfer in Multiphase Systems and Its Applications by : Sunan Metharom

Download or read book Mass Transfer in Multiphase Systems and Its Applications written by Sunan Metharom and published by . This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mass transfer describes the transport of mass from one point to another and is one of the main pillars in the subject of transport phenomena. Mass transfer may take place in a single phase or over phase boundaries in multiphase systems. In the vast majority of engineering problems, mass transfer involves at least one fluid phase (gas or liquid), although it may also be described in solid-phase materials. The theory of mass transfer permits for the computation of mass flux in a system and the distribution of the mass of different species over time and space in such a system, also when chemical reactions are present. The purpose of such computations is to understand, and possibly design or control, such a system. Mass Transfer in Multiphase Systems and its Applications covers a number of emerging topics in mass transfer processes in multiphase systems for a range of applications. The book efficiently blends theoretical, numerical, modeling and experimental aspects of mass transfer in multiphase systems that are typically encountered in many research areas e.g. chemical, reactor, environmental and petroleum engineering. This book serves as an important tool for any researcher or engineer working in the field of mass transfer and related topics.

Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309373727
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractured rock is the host or foundation for innumerable engineered structures related to energy, water, waste, and transportation. Characterizing, modeling, and monitoring fractured rock sites is critical to the functioning of those infrastructure, as well as to optimizing resource recovery and contaminant management. Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock examines the state of practice and state of art in the characterization of fractured rock and the chemical and biological processes related to subsurface contaminant fate and transport. This report examines new developments, knowledge, and approaches to engineering at fractured rock sites since the publication of the 1996 National Research Council report Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow: Contemporary Understanding and Fluid Flow. Fundamental understanding of the physical nature of fractured rock has changed little since 1996, but many new characterization tools have been developed, and there is now greater appreciation for the importance of chemical and biological processes that can occur in the fractured rock environment. The findings of Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock can be applied to all types of engineered infrastructure, but especially to engineered repositories for buried or stored waste and to fractured rock sites that have been contaminated as a result of past disposal or other practices. The recommendations of this report are intended to help the practitioner, researcher, and decision maker take a more interdisciplinary approach to engineering in the fractured rock environment. This report describes how existing tools-some only recently developed-can be used to increase the accuracy and reliability of engineering design and management given the interacting forces of nature. With an interdisciplinary approach, it is possible to conceptualize and model the fractured rock environment with acceptable levels of uncertainty and reliability, and to design systems that maximize remediation and long-term performance. Better scientific understanding could inform regulations, policies, and implementation guidelines related to infrastructure development and operations. The recommendations for research and applications to enhance practice of this book make it a valuable resource for students and practitioners in this field.

Mass Transfer with Chemical Reaction in Multiphase Systems: Two-phase systems

Author : Erdoğan Alper
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Mass Transfer with Chemical Reaction in Multiphase Systems: Two-phase systems by : Erdoğan Alper

Download or read book Mass Transfer with Chemical Reaction in Multiphase Systems: Two-phase systems written by Erdoğan Alper and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phenomenon of "mass transfer with chemical reaction" takes place whenever one phase is brought into contact with one or more other phases not in chemical equilibrium with it. This phenomenon has industrial, biological and physiological importance. In chemical process engineering, it is encountered in both separ ation processes and reaction engineering. In some cases, a chemical reaction may deliberately be employed for speeding up the rate of mass transfer and/or for increasing the capacity of the solvent; in other cases the multiphase reaction system is a part of the process with the specific aim of product formation. Finally, in some cases, for instance "distillation with chemical reaction," both objectives are involved. Although the subject is clearly a chemical engineering undertakin, it requires often a good understanding of other subjects, such as chemistry and fluid mechanics etc., leading to publications in diversified areas. On the other har.d, the subject has always been a major field and one of the most fruitful for chemical engineers."

The Method of Volume Averaging

Author : S. Whitaker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401733899
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Method of Volume Averaging by : S. Whitaker

Download or read book The Method of Volume Averaging written by S. Whitaker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiphase systems dominate nearly every area of science and technology, and the method of volume averaging provides a rigorous foundation for the analysis of these systems. The development is based on classical continuum physics, and it provides both the spatially smoothed equations and a method of predicting the effective transport coefficients that appear in those equations. The text is based on a ten-week graduate course that has been taught for more than 20 years at the University of California at Davis and at other universities around the world. Problems dealing with both the theoretical foundations and the applications are included with each chapter, and detailed solutions for all problems are available from the author. The course has attracted participants from chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, civil engineering, hydrologic science, mathematics, chemistry and physics.

Flowing Matter

Author : Federico Toschi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030233707
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Flowing Matter by : Federico Toschi

Download or read book Flowing Matter written by Federico Toschi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-25 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book, published in the Soft and Biological Matter series, presents an introduction to selected research topics in the broad field of flowing matter, including the dynamics of fluids with a complex internal structure -from nematic fluids to soft glasses- as well as active matter and turbulent phenomena. Flowing matter is a subject at the crossroads between physics, mathematics, chemistry, engineering, biology and earth sciences, and relies on a multidisciplinary approach to describe the emergence of the macroscopic behaviours in a system from the coordinated dynamics of its microscopic constituents. Depending on the microscopic interactions, an assembly of molecules or of mesoscopic particles can flow like a simple Newtonian fluid, deform elastically like a solid or behave in a complex manner. When the internal constituents are active, as for biological entities, one generally observes complex large-scale collective motions. Phenomenology is further complicated by the invariable tendency of fluids to display chaos at the large scales or when stirred strongly enough. This volume presents several research topics that address these phenomena encompassing the traditional micro-, meso-, and macro-scales descriptions, and contributes to our understanding of the fundamentals of flowing matter. This book is the legacy of the COST Action MP1305 “Flowing Matter”.