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Essays In Spatial And International Economics
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Book Synopsis Essays in Spatial and International Economics by : Howard Zihao Zhang
Download or read book Essays in Spatial and International Economics written by Howard Zihao Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I find that domestic learning compensates for foreign learning: there are large dynamic gains from exporting when there is no domestic learning and small dynamic gains when there is domestic learning.
Book Synopsis Essays on Spatial International Economics by : David Lee Hummels
Download or read book Essays on Spatial International Economics written by David Lee Hummels and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Does Economic Space Matter? by : Hiroshi Ohta
Download or read book Does Economic Space Matter? written by Hiroshi Ohta and published by Springer. This book was released on 1993-09-15 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a Festschrift to honour Professor Melvin Greenhut who has long toiled on spatial economics. The book accordingly focuses on a single question: in what sense 'economic space' matters in economic theory. Space in economics is an elusive concept, apparently separating and embracing economic agents at the same time. This is why adding it to already overly complicated economic agents at the same time. This is why adding it to already overly complicated economic models may not necessarily help economics to become sufficiently realistic. In this book, leading scholars of international stature try to find ways of introducing space in economic theory which will make it simpler and more realistic, analysing theoretical and historical issues of contemporary relevance, such as land use, congestion and public goods, location theory and spatial competition.
Book Synopsis Essays on International and Spatial Economics by : Yoko Takeda
Download or read book Essays on International and Spatial Economics written by Yoko Takeda and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three independent chapters on International and Spatial Economics. The first chapter analyzes the spatial sorting pattern of innovative activities by developing a model of heterogeneous firms that choose innovation sourcing sites. The model captures firms' trade-off that locating innovations in larger-sized cities enhances knowledge spillover while it also exposes the higher risk of information leakage to competitors, with implying that the relevance between cost and benefit of sourcing innovation in a populous city depends on the life-cycle length of technology embedded in products. In industries with relatively rapid turn-over of technologies, firms become less sensitive to the risk of information leakage as their fast technology obsolescence tends to outpace adoption of leaked information by competitors. In contrast, firms using more durable technologies evaluate the risk of information leakage relatively more, as leaked information retains long-lasting market value. As a result, the model predicts a geographical sorting pattern of innovation where firms using long-lived technology in production optimally source innovation in smaller-sized cities, and vice versa. The empirical analysis based on U.S. patent data shows that the theory partly explains within-firm heterogeneity of innovation sourcing decision by multi-product firms operating in multiple industries, although there exist considerable across-firm variations in geography choice for innovation that the model cannot account for. The second chapter provides evidence that offshore patent laws influence global firms' innovation decisions. Within a simple model of multinational production, we find that a novel consequence of imitation risk is that firms innovate selectively, directing investments in product development toward relatively short-lived varieties that are difficult to imitate prior to obsolescence. A key implication of firms' selective product development is that patent reforms tend to increase not only innovation by firms, but also the average economic lifetime of the products they develop---both to extents varying non-monotonically across industries according to rates of underlying technological obsolescence. Using detailed data on U.S. patent grants and citations during 1976--2006 and U.S. multinational firms' affiliate innovation investment during 1982--2009, we find empirical regularities consistent with these hypotheses. The third chapter analyzes the intellectual property rights (IPR)-protecting policy in developing countries by constructing a North-South model where the North firms serve the South market through either export or foreign direct investment (FDI). The FDI leads to a technology leakage to local firms in the South via imitation, which imposes the North firm a trade-off in conducting FDI between a benefit of saving production and transportation cost and a cost of tightened competition due to advanced technology adoption by the South firms. IPR protection level in the South determines actual cost of technology leakage incurred by the North firm, and the model concludes that the South government has an incentive to set the loosest possible IPR-protection policy that attracts FDI to the South. This result holds for extended environments of the model.
Download or read book Economy written by Ron Martin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic geographers have always argued that space is key to understanding the economy, that the processes of economic growth and development do not occur uniformly across geographic space, but rather differ in degree and form as between different nations, regions, cities and localities, with major implications for the geographies of wealth and welfare. This was true in the industrial phase of global capitalism, and is no less true in the contemporary era of post-industrial, knowledge-driven global capitalism. Indeed, the marked changes occurring in the structure and operation of the economy, in the sources of wealth creation, in the organisation of the firm, in the nature of work, in the boundaries between market and state, and in the regulation of the socio-economy, have stimulated an unprecedented wave of theoretical, conceptual and empirical enquiry by economic geographers. Even economists, who traditionally have viewed the economy in non-spatial terms, as existing on the head of the proverbial pin, are increasingly recognising the importance of space, place and location to understanding economic growth, technological innovation, competitiveness and globalisation. This collection of previously published work, though containing but a fraction of the huge explosion in research and publication that has occurred over the past two decades, seeks to convey a sense of this exciting phase in the intellectual development of the discipline and its importance in grasping the spatialities of contemporary economic life.
Book Synopsis Three Essays in Spatial Economics by : Ashley Elaine Hungerford
Download or read book Three Essays in Spatial Economics written by Ashley Elaine Hungerford and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Applied Approaches to Societal Institutions and Economics by : Tohru Naito
Download or read book Applied Approaches to Societal Institutions and Economics written by Tohru Naito and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-21 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives readers the theoretical and empirical methods to analyze applied economics. They are institutional economics, information economics, environmental economics, international economics, financial economics, industrial organization, public economics, law and economics, and spatial economics. Because the chapters of this book deal with current topics in these categories, they are relevant not only to researchers and graduate students but also to policy makers and entrepreneurs. As there is uncertainty about the global economy, it is necessary to consider optimal, efficient behavior to survive in the confused world. The book is organized in three parts. Part 1 deals with institutional economics, information economics, and related topics, approached through game theory. Part 2 focuses on environmental economics, international economics, and financial economics, through a microeconomic or econometric approach. Finally, Part 3 concentrates on public economics, social security, and related fields, through microeconomics or macroeconomics.
Book Synopsis Essays in Applied Spatial Economics by : Michail Fragkias
Download or read book Essays in Applied Spatial Economics written by Michail Fragkias and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays in Spatial Economics by : Motoaki Takahashi
Download or read book Essays in Spatial Economics written by Motoaki Takahashi and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of two chapters, both of which address the geographic distribution of economic activity. In the United States, four million African Americans migrated from the South to the North between 1940 and 1970. Chapter 1 studies the effects of this great Black migration on aggregate US output and the welfare of African Americans and others. For this purpose, I develop and quantify a dynamic general equilibrium model of the spatial economy in which cohorts of African Americans and others migrate across locations. I compare the baseline equilibrium matched with US data from 1940 to 2010 with counterfactual equilibria in which African Americans or others cannot relocate across the North and the South between 1940 and 1970. The mobility of African Americans and others increased aggregate output by 0.7 and 0.3 percent, respectively. Although African Americans accounted for about 10 percent of the US population, their relocation impacted the aggregate economy more than the relocation of the other 90 percent did. The mobility of African Americans induced a large increase in the welfare of African Americans in the South, a small decrease in the welfare of African Americans in the North, and little change in the welfare of others. Chapter 2 studies the effect of a productivity change in a foreign country on unemployment across US states. I develop a model of involuntary unemployment in multiple geographic locations. The model merges a quantitative general equilibrium model of international trade and spatial economy and the efficiency-wage model (Shapiro and Stiglitz, 1984). I quantify it for 27 countries and 50 US states and compute the counterfactual of the 5% increase in China's productivity. The model predicts that real wages increase in all the US states, but unemployment increases in 44 states, and the overall US welfare increases. The counterfactual result highlights heterogeneous effects of foreign shocks on unemployment and real wages across the US states.
Book Synopsis Essays in Applied Spatial Economics by : Carlo Menon
Download or read book Essays in Applied Spatial Economics written by Carlo Menon and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on Spatial Economics by : Lin Tian
Download or read book Essays on Spatial Economics written by Lin Tian and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In particular, big cities attract more skilled workers and become more specialized in cognitive-intensive occupations. Motivated by empirical literature on the association between modern communications technology adoption and production fragmentation, we develop a spatial equilibrium model with domestic production fragmentation to analyze the impact of a reduction in the costs of cross-city production teams--e.g., communications cost--on spatial distribution of skills and economic activities. The model generates predictions consistent with the observed empirical patterns, including more spatial segregation of skilled and unskilled workers, and occupation specialization across U.S. cities over time. In contrast to findings in the international offshoring literature, in which there are winners and losers, we find that under regularities conditions, there are Pareto welfare gains for all agents with heterogeneous skills, together with a substantial measured labor productivity increase at the aggregate level.
Book Synopsis Essays in Trade and Spatial Economics by : Nicole Emily Gorton
Download or read book Essays in Trade and Spatial Economics written by Nicole Emily Gorton and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation examines questions in trade and spatial economics. The first chapter studies how changes in domestic trade costs can cause regions to decline. The agriculture-intensive states of the American Midwest (the ``heartland") lost population relative to the rest of the country over the postwar period; at the same time, the price of shipping agricultural relative to manufactured goods fell considerably. I outline a simple version of a trade model and derive comparative statics of the price, production, and population effects of a decline in agricultural shipping costs to show how these two facts may be linked. I validate the model's predictions by studying how a 1963 Supreme Court ruling that sharply reduced the cost of shipping wheat versus flour affected the flour milling industry. Finally, I calibrate a multi-sector, multi-location version of the model to the U.S. in 1950 and find that observed declines in agricultural trade costs can explain nearly 10% of the postwar population decline in the heartland. The second chapter is joint work with Pablo Fajgelbaum, Cecile Gaubert, Eduardo Morales, and Edouard Schaal and studies the political economy of transportation investments. Transport networks are among the largest investments made by federal and local governments. What determines which projects are implemented? We study how people's political preferences and policymakers' preferences for redistribution or popular approval determined the implementation of California's High-Speed Rail. We combine detailed spatial data on votes for the project with a quantitative spatial model that captures its economic benefits and use our framework to estimate the weight of economic and political components in transport users' preferences. We find that votes are responsive to the expected real-income benefits of the high-speed rail but that economic benefits explain only a small fraction of the aggregate vote and the variance in welfare across space is almost entirely explained by non-economic factors. The third and final chapter, joint with Elena Ianchovichina, uses a spatial general equilibrium framework to construct optimal transport networks and optimal expansions to existing networks in most Latin American countries, as well as within MERCOSUR and the Andean Community. The average annual welfare losses due to inefficient domestic transport networks in Latin America are around 1.6%, ranging from 2.4% in Argentina to 0.3% in El Salvador. Spatial misallocation of transnational transport networks is associated with annual welfare losses of 1.8% in MERCOSUR and 1.5% in the Andean Community. The optimal investments we identify correlate relatively well with World Bank infrastructure projects because both prioritize investments in high population areas. Optimal investments in transnational road networks benefit the least developed country in each trade bloc most.
Book Synopsis Essays on the Spatial Economics of Growth and Poverty Theory and Policies for Southeast Asia by : Takeshi Daimon
Download or read book Essays on the Spatial Economics of Growth and Poverty Theory and Policies for Southeast Asia written by Takeshi Daimon and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays in Spatial Economics by : Luisito Bertinelli
Download or read book Essays in Spatial Economics written by Luisito Bertinelli and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays in Development Economics: Wealth and poverty by : Jagdish N. Bhagwati
Download or read book Essays in Development Economics: Wealth and poverty written by Jagdish N. Bhagwati and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume I, Wealth and Poverty, addresses domestic or internal development problems.
Book Synopsis Essays on Location and Spatial Economics by : José Andrés Estévez Montes
Download or read book Essays on Location and Spatial Economics written by José Andrés Estévez Montes and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis On the Foundations of Monopolistic Competition and Economic Geography by : Buford Curtis Eaton
Download or read book On the Foundations of Monopolistic Competition and Economic Geography written by Buford Curtis Eaton and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of 16 joint papers published between 1975 and 1993 that address models of value theory and related issues in the broader context of developing a deeper understanding of product differentiation, including spatial differentiation, and the industrial structures that generate the phenomenon. The Canadian economists (Simon Fraser U.) explain why they reject the neoclassical competitive vision of the economy, describe models that they have drawn on to develop their own vision, and outline their world view and distinguish it from others. Among their specific topics are the introduction of space into the neoclassical model of value theory, comparison shopping and the clustering of homogeneous firms, the durability of capital as a barrier to entry, and an economic theory of central places. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
