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Essays In History And Spatial Economics With Big Data
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Book Synopsis Essays in History and Spatial Economics with Big Data by : Sun Kyoung Lee
Download or read book Essays in History and Spatial Economics with Big Data written by Sun Kyoung Lee and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I find that intergenerational mobility elasticities were relatively stable during 1880-1940; there are regional disparities in terms of giving kids opportunities to move up, and the geographic disparities of intergenerational mobility have evolved over time.
Book Synopsis Essays on International and Spatial Economics by : Yoko Takeda
Download or read book Essays on International and Spatial Economics written by Yoko Takeda and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three independent chapters on International and Spatial Economics. The first chapter analyzes the spatial sorting pattern of innovative activities by developing a model of heterogeneous firms that choose innovation sourcing sites. The model captures firms' trade-off that locating innovations in larger-sized cities enhances knowledge spillover while it also exposes the higher risk of information leakage to competitors, with implying that the relevance between cost and benefit of sourcing innovation in a populous city depends on the life-cycle length of technology embedded in products. In industries with relatively rapid turn-over of technologies, firms become less sensitive to the risk of information leakage as their fast technology obsolescence tends to outpace adoption of leaked information by competitors. In contrast, firms using more durable technologies evaluate the risk of information leakage relatively more, as leaked information retains long-lasting market value. As a result, the model predicts a geographical sorting pattern of innovation where firms using long-lived technology in production optimally source innovation in smaller-sized cities, and vice versa. The empirical analysis based on U.S. patent data shows that the theory partly explains within-firm heterogeneity of innovation sourcing decision by multi-product firms operating in multiple industries, although there exist considerable across-firm variations in geography choice for innovation that the model cannot account for. The second chapter provides evidence that offshore patent laws influence global firms' innovation decisions. Within a simple model of multinational production, we find that a novel consequence of imitation risk is that firms innovate selectively, directing investments in product development toward relatively short-lived varieties that are difficult to imitate prior to obsolescence. A key implication of firms' selective product development is that patent reforms tend to increase not only innovation by firms, but also the average economic lifetime of the products they develop---both to extents varying non-monotonically across industries according to rates of underlying technological obsolescence. Using detailed data on U.S. patent grants and citations during 1976--2006 and U.S. multinational firms' affiliate innovation investment during 1982--2009, we find empirical regularities consistent with these hypotheses. The third chapter analyzes the intellectual property rights (IPR)-protecting policy in developing countries by constructing a North-South model where the North firms serve the South market through either export or foreign direct investment (FDI). The FDI leads to a technology leakage to local firms in the South via imitation, which imposes the North firm a trade-off in conducting FDI between a benefit of saving production and transportation cost and a cost of tightened competition due to advanced technology adoption by the South firms. IPR protection level in the South determines actual cost of technology leakage incurred by the North firm, and the model concludes that the South government has an incentive to set the loosest possible IPR-protection policy that attracts FDI to the South. This result holds for extended environments of the model.
Book Synopsis Essays in Spatial Economics by : Arnold Morton Faden
Download or read book Essays in Spatial Economics written by Arnold Morton Faden and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays in Applied Spatial Economics by : Carlo Menon
Download or read book Essays in Applied Spatial Economics written by Carlo Menon and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays in Applied Spatial Economics by : Carol Menon
Download or read book Essays in Applied Spatial Economics written by Carol Menon and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays in Applied Spatial Economics by : Michail Fragkias
Download or read book Essays in Applied Spatial Economics written by Michail Fragkias and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Three Essays in Spatial Economics by : Ashley Elaine Hungerford
Download or read book Three Essays in Spatial Economics written by Ashley Elaine Hungerford and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays in Spatial Economics by : Antoine Boris Levy
Download or read book Essays in Spatial Economics written by Antoine Boris Levy and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is composed of three essays, showing how nationwide economic causes exert distinct local and aggregate effects across regions, depending on the geographic distribution of exposure to these common shocks, and on spatial interactions between locations. The first chapter, building upon administrative data covering the universe of dwellings in France, documents the presence of home bias in investment (a negative effect of distance for individual investors' lumpy portfolio allocation decisions). I explore its consequences for the equilibrium supply of housing, in a spatial equilibrium framework combined with a frictional portfolio choice. Using quasi-experimental evidence from a location-specific French investment tax credit targeted at individual landlords, I evidence a substantial causal impact on transactions, new construction, investor returns, and inwards migration. Long-distance individual investor involvement rises in treated cities, and the policy has stronger effects in locations more open to outside capital. "The second chapter, in collaboration with Jacob Moscona, studies how exogenous differences in local population density lead regions to specialize in different kind of manufacturing industries. We show theoretically and empirically that a country's economic geography -- in particular, the distribution of population across space -- is an important source of comparative advantage, as countries with higher population-weighted population density specialize in sectors that benefit from agglomeration. After estimating substantial variation within the US in the extent to which manufacturing sectors sort into dense locations, we find that countries with higher population-weighted density disproportionately export in sectors with high "density affinity"." The third chapter explores electoral behavioral with regionally differentiated exposure to common campaign pledges. Using quasi-random spatial variation across municipalities, and an instrumental variables strategy exploiting formulaic real estate assessments established in the 1970s, I show that a promise to repeal a broad-based housing tax accounted for a substantial share of Emmanuel Macron's electoral success in the 2017 French presidential election. In high-frequency data, the timing of the promise coincided with a significant increase in voter information search, in Macron's polling intentions, and in his market-based predicted chances of victory. The results evidence the crucial role of spatial distributive policies, even in elections marked by ideological polarization around non-economic issues.
Book Synopsis Essays in Spatial Economics by : Motoaki Takahashi
Download or read book Essays in Spatial Economics written by Motoaki Takahashi and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of two chapters, both of which address the geographic distribution of economic activity. In the United States, four million African Americans migrated from the South to the North between 1940 and 1970. Chapter 1 studies the effects of this great Black migration on aggregate US output and the welfare of African Americans and others. For this purpose, I develop and quantify a dynamic general equilibrium model of the spatial economy in which cohorts of African Americans and others migrate across locations. I compare the baseline equilibrium matched with US data from 1940 to 2010 with counterfactual equilibria in which African Americans or others cannot relocate across the North and the South between 1940 and 1970. The mobility of African Americans and others increased aggregate output by 0.7 and 0.3 percent, respectively. Although African Americans accounted for about 10 percent of the US population, their relocation impacted the aggregate economy more than the relocation of the other 90 percent did. The mobility of African Americans induced a large increase in the welfare of African Americans in the South, a small decrease in the welfare of African Americans in the North, and little change in the welfare of others. Chapter 2 studies the effect of a productivity change in a foreign country on unemployment across US states. I develop a model of involuntary unemployment in multiple geographic locations. The model merges a quantitative general equilibrium model of international trade and spatial economy and the efficiency-wage model (Shapiro and Stiglitz, 1984). I quantify it for 27 countries and 50 US states and compute the counterfactual of the 5% increase in China's productivity. The model predicts that real wages increase in all the US states, but unemployment increases in 44 states, and the overall US welfare increases. The counterfactual result highlights heterogeneous effects of foreign shocks on unemployment and real wages across the US states.
Book Synopsis Essays on Spatial Economics by : Kohei Takeda
Download or read book Essays on Spatial Economics written by Kohei Takeda and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on Spatial Economics by : Lin Tian
Download or read book Essays on Spatial Economics written by Lin Tian and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In particular, big cities attract more skilled workers and become more specialized in cognitive-intensive occupations. Motivated by empirical literature on the association between modern communications technology adoption and production fragmentation, we develop a spatial equilibrium model with domestic production fragmentation to analyze the impact of a reduction in the costs of cross-city production teams--e.g., communications cost--on spatial distribution of skills and economic activities. The model generates predictions consistent with the observed empirical patterns, including more spatial segregation of skilled and unskilled workers, and occupation specialization across U.S. cities over time. In contrast to findings in the international offshoring literature, in which there are winners and losers, we find that under regularities conditions, there are Pareto welfare gains for all agents with heterogeneous skills, together with a substantial measured labor productivity increase at the aggregate level.
Book Synopsis Spatial Economics Volume II by : Stefano Colombo
Download or read book Spatial Economics Volume II written by Stefano Colombo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space is a crucial variable in any economic activity. Spatial Economics is the branch of economics that explicitly aims to incorporate the space dimension in the analysis of economic phenomena. From its beginning in the last century, Spatial Economics has contributed to the understanding of the economy by developing plenty of theoretical models as well as econometric techniques having the “space” as a core dimension of the analysis. This edited volume addresses the complex issue of Spatial Economics from an applied point of view. This volume is part of a more complex project including another edited volume (Spatial Economics Volume I: Theory) collecting original papers which address Spatial Economics from a theoretical perspective.
Book Synopsis Essays in Honor of Cheng Hsiao by : Dek Terrell
Download or read book Essays in Honor of Cheng Hsiao written by Dek Terrell and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Including contributions spanning a variety of theoretical and applied topics in econometrics, this volume of Advances in Econometrics is published in honour of Cheng Hsiao.
Book Synopsis Essays on Location and Spatial Economics by : José Andrés Estévez Montes
Download or read book Essays on Location and Spatial Economics written by José Andrés Estévez Montes and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on Quantitative Spatial Economics by : Xinle Pang
Download or read book Essays on Quantitative Spatial Economics written by Xinle Pang and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first two chapters of this dissertation quantify the welfare consequences of non-college residence-workplace mismatch within the New York Metropolitan area. I find evidence that since 2000s, there is significant residential and job relocation within the city coupled with the rise in nominal wage inequality. While non-college jobs (non-tradable services) are more concentrated in the urban core, non-college residential share has been declining there. To facilitate welfare analysis, I develop a rich quantitative general equilibrium urban model that features (i) heterogeneous skills making endogenous choices of residence and workplace, (ii) multiple sectors hiring labor with different skill intensity. Using the estimated model, I find that moving from the early 2000 economy to the current one, the rise in welfare inequality exacerbates the rise in income inequality by 1%. Spatial mismatch between jobs and residence reduces the non-college welfare relative to the college group. Policy of relaxing floor area ratio in central locations helps to reduce welfare inequality. The last two chapters of this dissertation are based on a joint work that studies the welfare implications of post-flooding relief policies in a dynamic spatial economy with flood risk and mobile individuals. We argue that mobility leads to trade-off in the design of relief policies: on the one hand, migration frictions imply imperfect adjustment via moving after flooding, generating equity gains of relief policies; on the other hand, policies induce endogenous sorting into floodplains, potentially causing spatial misallocation of population depending on location characteristics. To confront the data, we develop a fully quantitative general equilibrium model with rich geographic linkages, industry structure, and flood risk. We develop a new solution method with neural network to overcome the curse of dimensionality. We calibrate the model to the economy of Texas coastline and the event of Hurricane Harvey. We show that existing post-Harvey relief transfer improves U.S. welfare compared to a zero-relief economy when the transfer is financed equally by the rest of U.S.. However, a more welfare-enhancing policy, instead, is to reduce the transfer into the most affected locations while increase the amount into the Houston metropolitan area. This reshuffled policy induces less spatial misallocation of population within Texas coastal floodplains. Finally, a resilient policy of providing moving subsidy to incentivize individuals to move away from Texas coastal floodplains leads to lower U.S. welfare compared to a zero-subsidy economy.
Book Synopsis Essays in the Spatial Economic Analysis of Social Interactions by : Andreas Diemer
Download or read book Essays in the Spatial Economic Analysis of Social Interactions written by Andreas Diemer and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis What Future for History Dependence in Spatial Economics? by : Jeffrey Lin
Download or read book What Future for History Dependence in Spatial Economics? written by Jeffrey Lin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
