Entropy In Relation To Incomplete Knowledge

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Entropy in Relation to Incomplete Knowledge

Author : K. G. Denbigh
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521256773
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (567 download)

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Book Synopsis Entropy in Relation to Incomplete Knowledge by : K. G. Denbigh

Download or read book Entropy in Relation to Incomplete Knowledge written by K. G. Denbigh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1985-07-11 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about an important issue which has arisen within two of the branches of physical science - namely thermodynamics and statistical mechanics - where the notion of entropy plays an essential role. A number of scientists and information theorists have maintained that entropy is a subjective concept and is a measure of human ignorance. Such a view, if it is valid, would create some profound philosophical problems and would tend to undermine the objectivity of the scientific enterprise. Whilst the present volume is not a treatise on thermodynamics or statistical mechanics, all relevant steps in the building up of these disciplines are carefully scrutinised and it is concluded that the charge of subjectivity cannot be upheld. The widely adopted view that entropy is a measure of disorder, or of lack of information, is shown to be ambiguous, although it may be of use in certain contexts.

Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology

Author : Duoqian Miao
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319117408
Total Pages : 877 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology by : Duoqian Miao

Download or read book Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology written by Duoqian Miao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 877 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed conference proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology, RSKT 2014, held in Shanghai, China, in October 2014. The 70 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 162 submissions. The papers in this volume cover topics such as foundations and generalizations of rough sets, attribute reduction and feature selection, applications of rough sets, intelligent systems and applications, knowledge technology, domain-oriented data-driven data mining, uncertainty in granular computing, advances in granular computing, big data to wise decisions, rough set theory, and three-way decisions, uncertainty, and granular computing.

Entropy Measures, Maximum Entropy Principle and Emerging Applications

Author : Karmeshu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540362126
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Entropy Measures, Maximum Entropy Principle and Emerging Applications by : Karmeshu

Download or read book Entropy Measures, Maximum Entropy Principle and Emerging Applications written by Karmeshu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last two decades have witnessed an enormous growth with regard to ap plications of information theoretic framework in areas of physical, biological, engineering and even social sciences. In particular, growth has been spectac ular in the field of information technology,soft computing,nonlinear systems and molecular biology. Claude Shannon in 1948 laid the foundation of the field of information theory in the context of communication theory. It is in deed remarkable that his framework is as relevant today as was when he 1 proposed it. Shannon died on Feb 24, 2001. Arun Netravali observes "As if assuming that inexpensive, high-speed processing would come to pass, Shan non figured out the upper limits on communication rates. First in telephone channels, then in optical communications, and now in wireless, Shannon has had the utmost value in defining the engineering limits we face". Shannon introduced the concept of entropy. The notable feature of the entropy frame work is that it enables quantification of uncertainty present in a system. In many realistic situations one is confronted only with partial or incomplete information in the form of moment, or bounds on these values etc. ; and it is then required to construct a probabilistic model from this partial information. In such situations, the principle of maximum entropy provides a rational ba sis for constructing a probabilistic model. It is thus necessary and important to keep track of advances in the applications of maximum entropy principle to ever expanding areas of knowledge.

Theoretical, Experimental, and Numerical Contributions to the Mechanics of Fluids and Solids

Author : James Casey
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3034892292
Total Pages : 850 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Theoretical, Experimental, and Numerical Contributions to the Mechanics of Fluids and Solids by : James Casey

Download or read book Theoretical, Experimental, and Numerical Contributions to the Mechanics of Fluids and Solids written by James Casey and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue of ZAMP is published to honor Paul M. Naghdi for his contributions to mechanics over the last forty years and more. It is offered in celebration of his long, productive career in continuum mechan ics; a career which has been marked by a passion for the intrinsic beauty of the subject, an uncompromising adherence to academic standards, and an untiring devotion to our profession. Originally, this issue was planned in celebration of Naghdi's 70th birthday, which occurred on 29 March 1994. But, as the papers were being prepared for the press, it became evident that the illness from which Professor Naghdi had been suffering during recent months was extremely serious. On 26 May 1994, a reception took place in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Berkeley, at which Naghdi received The Berkeley Citation (which is given in lieu of an honorary degree) and where he was also presented with the Table of Contents of the present collection. Subse quently, he had the opportunity to read the papers in manuscript form. He was very touched that his colleagues had chosen to honor him with their fine contributions. The knowledge that he was held in such high esteem by his fellow scientists brought a special pleasure and consolation to him in his last weeks. On Saturday evening, 9 July 1994, Paul Naghdi succumbed to the lung cancer which he had so courageously endured.

Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology

Author : James F. Peters
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540362991
Total Pages : 830 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology by : James F. Peters

Download or read book Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology written by James F. Peters and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-09-27 with total page 830 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology, RSKT 2006, held in Chongqing, China in July 2006. The volume presents 43 revised full papers and 58 revised short papers, together with 15 commemorative and invited papers. Topics include rough computing, evolutionary computing, fuzzy sets, granular computing, neural computing, machine learning and KDD, logics and reasoning, multiagent systems and Web intelligence, and more.

Entropy and the Second Law

Author : Arieh Ben-Naim
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 981462389X
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Entropy and the Second Law by : Arieh Ben-Naim

Download or read book Entropy and the Second Law written by Arieh Ben-Naim and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2012-05-15 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a clear and readable description of one of the most mysterious concepts of physics: Entropy. It contains a self-learning kit that guides the reader in understanding the concepts of entropy. In the first part, the reader is asked to play the familiar twenty-Question game. Once the reader feels comfortable with playing this game and acquires proficiency in playing the game effectively (intelligently), he or she will be able to capture the elusive and used-to-be mysterious concept of entropy. There will be no more speculative or arbitrary interpretations, nor “older” or “modern” views of entropy. This book will guide readers in choosing their own interpretation of entropy. Video intro on the Bestsellers on Entropy by Arieh Ben-Naim https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S5fOsKyOlHw Request Inspection Copy Contents:Introduction: From Heat Engines to Disorder, Information Spreading, Freedom, and More…Forget about Entropy for a While, Let us Go and Play iGamesThe Astounding Emergence of the Entropy of a Classical Ideal Gas out of Shannon's Measure of InformationExamples and Their Interpretations. Challenges for any Descriptor of EntropyFinally, Let Us Discuss the Most Mysterious Second Law of Thermodynamics Readership: Undergraduate and graduate students in chemistry and physics, academics and lay persons.

John von Neumann and the Foundations of Quantum Physics

Author : Miklós Rédei
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401720126
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis John von Neumann and the Foundations of Quantum Physics by : Miklós Rédei

Download or read book John von Neumann and the Foundations of Quantum Physics written by Miklós Rédei and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John von Neumann (1903-1957) was undoubtedly one of the scientific geniuses of the 20th century. The main fields to which he contributed include various disciplines of pure and applied mathematics, mathematical and theoretical physics, logic, theoretical computer science, and computer architecture. Von Neumann was also actively involved in politics and science management and he had a major impact on US government decisions during, and especially after, the Second World War. There exist several popular books on his personality and various collections focusing on his achievements in mathematics, computer science, and economy. Strangely enough, to date no detailed appraisal of his seminal contributions to the mathematical foundations of quantum physics has appeared. Von Neumann's theory of measurement and his critique of hidden variables became the touchstone of most debates in the foundations of quantum mechanics. Today, his name also figures most prominently in the mathematically rigorous branches of contemporary quantum mechanics of large systems and quantum field theory. And finally - as one of his last lectures, published in this volume for the first time, shows - he considered the relation of quantum logic and quantum mechanical probability as his most important problem for the second half of the twentieth century. The present volume embraces both historical and systematic analyses of his methodology of mathematical physics, and of the various aspects of his work in the foundations of quantum physics, such as theory of measurement, quantum logic, and quantum mechanical entropy. The volume is rounded off by previously unpublished letters and lectures documenting von Neumann's thinking about quantum theory after his 1932 Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. The general part of the Yearbook contains papers emerging from the Institute's annual lecture series and reviews of important publications of philosophy of science and its history.

Incomplete Information System and Rough Set Theory

Author : Xibei Yang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642259359
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Incomplete Information System and Rough Set Theory by : Xibei Yang

Download or read book Incomplete Information System and Rough Set Theory written by Xibei Yang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Incomplete Information System and Rough Set Theory: Models and Attribute Reductions" covers theoretical study of generalizations of rough set model in various incomplete information systems. It discusses not only the regular attributes but also the criteria in the incomplete information systems. Based on different types of rough set models, the book presents the practical approaches to compute several reducts in terms of these models. The book is intended for researchers and postgraduate students in machine learning, data mining and knowledge discovery, especially for those who are working in rough set theory, and granular computing. Dr. Xibei Yang is a lecturer at the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, China; Jingyu Yang is a professor at the School of Computer Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China.

The Cable and Telecommunications Professionals' Reference

Author : Goff Hill
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1136034579
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cable and Telecommunications Professionals' Reference by : Goff Hill

Download or read book The Cable and Telecommunications Professionals' Reference written by Goff Hill and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is for any telecommunications-convergence professional who needs to understand the structure of the industry, the structure of telephony networks and services, and the equipment involved.With the growing variety of networks and technologies now on offer it is inevitable that some convergence will take place between different networks, services and products. New VOIP (voice over internet protocol) networks must interwork with traditional networks. For instance, mobile phones can offer data services; wireless broadband connections to laptops will allow VOIP phone calls away from base; users could have the option of 'convergent phones' that can be used on a landline when at home or business, but which can be used as a mobile when on the move, and so on.

Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology

Author : JingTao Yao
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540724583
Total Pages : 589 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology by : JingTao Yao

Download or read book Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology written by JingTao Yao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-06-26 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology, RSKT 2007, held in Toronto, Canada in May 2007 in conjunction with the 11th International Conference on Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining, and Granular Computing, RSFDGrC 2007, both as part of the Joint Rough Set Symposium, JRS 2007.

Information Theory

Author : Arieh Ben-Naim
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813208821
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Theory by : Arieh Ben-Naim

Download or read book Information Theory written by Arieh Ben-Naim and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-05-26 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the definition of the Shannon measure of Information, and some derived quantities such as conditional information and mutual information. Unlike many books, which refer to the Shannon's Measure of information (SMI) as "Entropy," this book makes a clear distinction between the SMI and Entropy. In the last chapter, Entropy is derived as a special case of SMI. Ample examples are provided which help the reader in understanding the different concepts discussed in this book. As with previous books by the author, this book aims at a clear and mystery-free presentation of the central concept in Information theory — the Shannon's Measure of Information. This book presents the fundamental concepts of Information theory in a friendly-simple language and is devoid of all kinds of fancy and pompous statements made by authors of popular science books who write on this subject. It is unique in its presentation of Shannon's measure of information, and the clear distinction between this concept and the thermodynamic entropy. Although some mathematical knowledge is required by the reader, the emphasis is on the concepts and their meaning rather on the mathematical details of the theory.

A Different Thermodynamics and its True Heroes

Author : Evgeni B. Starikov
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429014511
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis A Different Thermodynamics and its True Heroes by : Evgeni B. Starikov

Download or read book A Different Thermodynamics and its True Heroes written by Evgeni B. Starikov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-01 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern thermodynamics is a unique but still not a logically self-consistent field of knowledge. It has a proven universal applicability and significance but its actual potential is still latent. The development of the foundations of thermodynamics was in effect non-stop but absolutely no one has any idea about this. This book is the first of its kind that will motivate researchers to build up a logically consistent field of thermodynamics. It greatly appreciates the actual depth and potential of thermodynamics which might also be of interest to readers in history and philosophy of scientific research. The book presents the life stories of the protagonists in detail and allows readers to cast a look at the whole scene of the field by showcasing a significant number of their colleagues whose works have fittingly complemented their achievements. It also tries to trigger a detailed analysis of the reasons why the actual work in this extremely important field has in effect gone astray. It comprises five chapters and introduces three scientists in the first two chapters, which are specifically devoted to the Scandinavian achievements in macroscopic thermodynamics. These introductions are novel and call for a detailed reconsideration of the field. The third chapter acquaints the readers with their fourth colleague in Germany who was working on the proper link between the macroscopic thermodynamics, kinetics, and the atomistic representation of matter. The fourth chapter brings in their fifth colleague in the United States who could formally infer the famous formula S = k * ln(W), ingeniously guessed by Ludwig Boltzmann, and thus clarify the physical sense of the entropy notion. The last chapter summarizes the above-mentioned discourses.

Conditionals, Information, and Inference

Author : Gabriele Kern-Isberner
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540322353
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Conditionals, Information, and Inference by : Gabriele Kern-Isberner

Download or read book Conditionals, Information, and Inference written by Gabriele Kern-Isberner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-05-13 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conditionals are fascinating and versatile objects of knowledge representation. On the one hand, they may express rules in a very general sense, representing, for example, plausible relationships, physical laws, and social norms. On the other hand, as default rules or general implications, they constitute a basic tool for reasoning, even in the presence of uncertainty. In this sense, conditionals are intimately connected both to information and inference. Due to their non-Boolean nature, however, conditionals are not easily dealt with. They are not simply true or false — rather, a conditional “if A then B” provides a context, A, for B to be plausible (or true) and must not be confused with “A entails B” or with the material implication “not A or B.” This ill- trates how conditionals represent information, understood in its strict sense as reduction of uncertainty. To learn that, in the context A, the proposition B is plausible, may reduce uncertainty about B and hence is information. The ab- ity to predict such conditioned propositions is knowledge and as such (earlier) acquired information. The ?rst work on conditional objects dates back to Boole in the 19th c- tury, and the interest in conditionals was revived in the second half of the 20th century, when the emerging Arti?cial Intelligence made claims for appropriate formaltoolstohandle“generalizedrules.”Sincethen,conditionalshavebeenthe topic of countless publications, each emphasizing their relevance for knowledge representation, plausible reasoning, nonmonotonic inference, and belief revision.

Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence

Author : Hepu Deng
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642238963
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence by : Hepu Deng

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence written by Hepu Deng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-25 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This three-volume proceedings contains revised selected papers from the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence, AICI 2011, held in Taiyuan, China, in September 2011. The total of 265 high-quality papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 1073 submissions. The topics of Part III covered are: machine vision; natural language processing; nature computation; neural computation; neural networks; particle swarm optimization; pattern recognition; rough set theory; and support vector machine.

What is Quantum Information?

Author : Olimpia Lombardi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107142113
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis What is Quantum Information? by : Olimpia Lombardi

Download or read book What is Quantum Information? written by Olimpia Lombardi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining physics and philosophy, this is a uniquely interdisciplinary examination of quantum information science. Suitable as both a discussion of the conceptual and philosophical problems of this field and a comprehensive stand-alone introduction, this book will benefit both experienced and new researchers in quantum information and the philosophy of physics.

Integrative Problem-Solving in a Time of Decadence

Author : George Christakos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048198909
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrative Problem-Solving in a Time of Decadence by : George Christakos

Download or read book Integrative Problem-Solving in a Time of Decadence written by George Christakos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-10 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a unique study of Integrative Problem-Solving (IPS). The consideration of 'Decadence' is essential in the scientific study of environmental and other problems and their rigorous solution, because the broad context within which the problems emerge can affect their solution. Stochastic reasoning underlines the conceptual and methodological framework of IPS, and its formulation has a mathematical life of its own that accounts for the multidisciplinarity of real world problems, the multisourced uncertainties characterizing their solution, and the different thinking modes of the people involved. Only by interpolating between the full range of disciplines (including stochastic mathematics, physical science, neuropsychology, philosophy, and sociology) and the associated thinking modes can scientists arrive at a satisfactory account of problem-solving, and be able to distinguish between a technically complete problem-solution, and a solution that has social impact.

Mysterious Minds

Author : Stanley Krippner
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313358672
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Mysterious Minds by : Stanley Krippner

Download or read book Mysterious Minds written by Stanley Krippner and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2009-11-12 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the scientific study of psychics and mediums—those who are frauds, those who are psychotic, and those whose claims seem to defy easy dismissal. Welcome to the world of Mysterious Minds: The Neurobiology of Psychics, Mediums, and Other Extraordinary People. Here, experts in the emerging field of neurobiological study make the case that while many claims of psychic ability are easily proven false, there may well be claimants who can obtain information in ways not easily explained by mainstream science—and there might be scientific tools and approaches available to confirm those experiences. Written by an expert team of distinguished investigators from a half dozen countries around the world, Mysterious Minds introduces readers to the current state of research into parapsychological experiences, emphasizing the neurobiological data obtained by those who claim to be psychics or mediums. It offers specific examples of paranormal claims of extraordinary people—claims scrutinized through the use of high-tech brain imaging, clinical neurological examinations, and psychotropic drugs. The book concludes by proposing a series of models based on fundamental neurobiology, psychology, and quantum physics that could help us unravel these mental mysteries.