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Enteric Viruses In Aquatic Environments
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Book Synopsis Drinking Water Microbiology by : Gordon A. McFeters
Download or read book Drinking Water Microbiology written by Gordon A. McFeters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microbiology of drinking water remains an important worldwide concern despite modem progress in science and engineering. Countries that are more technologically advanced have experienced a significant reduction in water borne morbidity within the last 100 years: This reduction has been achieved through the application of effective technologies for the treatment, disinfec tion, and distribution of potable water. However, morbidity resulting from the ingestion of contaminated water persists globally, and the available ep idemiological evidence (Waterborne Diseases in the United States, G. F. Craun, ed. , 1986, CRC Press) demonstrates a dramatic increase in the number of waterborne outbreaks and individual cases within the United States since the mid-1960s. In addition, it should also be noted that the incidence of water borne outbreaks of unknown etiology and those caused by "new" pathogens, such as Campylobaeter sp. , is also increasing in the United States. Although it might be debated whether these increases are real or an artifact resulting from more efficient reporting, it is clear that waterborne morbidity cannot be ignored in the industrialized world. More significantly, it represents one of the most important causes of illness within developing countries. Approxi mately one-half the world's population experiences diseases that are the direct consequence of drinking polluted water. Such illnesses are the primary cause of infant mortality in many Third World countries.
Book Synopsis Enteric Viruses in Aquatic Environments by : Eiji Haramoto
Download or read book Enteric Viruses in Aquatic Environments written by Eiji Haramoto and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue contains one review and five original articles, all of which address cutting-edge research in the field of water and environmental virology. The review article by Gerba and Betancourt summarizes the current status and future needs for the development of virus detection methods in water reuse systems, especially focusing on methods to assess the infectivity of enteric viruses. Original papers cover a variety of research topics, such as an environmental monitoring survey of group A rotaviruses in sewage and oysters in Japan, the occurrence and genetic diversity of noroviruses and rotaviruses in a wastewater reclamation system in China, the detection of viruses and their indicators in tanker water and its sources in Nepal, integrated culture next-generation sequencing to identify the diversity of F-specific RNA coliphages in wastewater, and the development of a portable collection and detection method for viruses from ambient air and its application to a wastewater treatment plant.
Book Synopsis Code of Practice for Agricultural Use of Sewage Sludge by : Great Britain. Department of the Environment
Download or read book Code of Practice for Agricultural Use of Sewage Sludge written by Great Britain. Department of the Environment and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Later editions are available from the Department for the Environment, Transport and the Regions (and its successor departments) but ISBN 0117522562 is still available from TSO's on-demand publishing service
Book Synopsis Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens by : National Research Council
Download or read book Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-19 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent and forecasted advances in microbiology, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry have made it timely to reassess the current paradigm of relying predominantly or exclusively on traditional bacterial indicators for all types of waterborne pathogens. Nonetheless, indicator approaches will still be required for the foreseeable future because it is not practical or feasible to monitor for the complete spectrum of microorganisms that may occur in water, and many known pathogens are difficult to detect directly and reliably in water samples. This comprehensive report recommends the development and use of a "tool box" approach by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency and others for assessing microbial water quality in which available indicator organisms (and/or pathogens in some cases) and detection method(s) are matched to the requirements of a particular application. The report further recommends the use of a phased, three-level monitoring framework to support the selection of indicators and indicator approaches.Â
Book Synopsis Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases by :
Download or read book Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-11-08 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases describes the diseases associated with water, their causative agents and the ways in which they gain access to water systems. The book is divided into sections covering bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Other sections detail methods for detecting and identifying waterborne microorganisms, and the ways in which they are removed from water, including chlorine, ozone, and ultraviolet disinfection. The second edition of this handbook has been updated with information on biofilms and antimicrobial resistance. The impact of global warming and climate change phenomena on waterborne illnesses are also discussed. This book serves as an indispensable reference for public health microbiologists, water utility scientists, research water pollution microbiologists environmental health officers, consultants in communicable disease control and microbial water pollution students. Focuses on the microorganisms of most significance to public health, including E. coli, cryptosporidium, and enterovirus Highlights the basic microbiology, clinical features, survival in the environment, and gives a risk assessment for each pathogen Contains new material on antimicrobial resistance and biofilms Covers drinking water and both marine and freshwater recreational bathing waters
Download or read book Viruses in Foods written by Sagar Goyal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-15 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to focus entirely on viruses in foods. It collates information on the occurrence, detection, transmission, and epidemiology of viruses in various foods. Although methods for bacterial detection in food are available, methods for detection of viruses in food, with the exception of shellfish, are not available. It is important, therefore, to develop methods for direct examination of food for viruses and to explore alternate indicators that can accurately reflect the virological quality of food. This book addresses these issues along with strategies for the prevention and control of viral contamination of food.
Book Synopsis Human Viruses in Water by : Albert Bosch
Download or read book Human Viruses in Water written by Albert Bosch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-11-07 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides overviews and updates on basic research, diagnosis, epidemiology, and public health on enteric viruses, as well as on treatment and intervention to prevent their waterborne transmission. Data are presented and interpreted by leading researchers in the field in 13 chapters. An essential resource for virologists, epidemiologists, medical and public health professionals, graduate students and postdoctoral scientists at various levels of their careers.Key Topics Include:* Ecology of enteric viruses * Intervention measures from risk assessment to virus disinfection practices* Cutting edge technology on procedures for virus detection and monitoring in water and the water environment* Quality assurance and quality control measures in water virology* Legal regulations regarding viruses in the environment
Book Synopsis Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment by : Charles N. Haas
Download or read book Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment written by Charles N. Haas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the latest QMRA methodologies to determine infection risk cause by either accidental microbial infections or deliberate infections caused by terrorism • Reviews the latest methodologies to quantify at every step of the microbial exposure pathways, from the first release of a pathogen to the actual human infection • Provides techniques on how to gather information, on how each microorganism moves through the environment, how to determine their survival rates on various media, and how people are exposed to the microorganism • Explains how QMRA can be used as a tool to measure the impact of interventions and identify the best policies and practices to protect public health and safety • Includes new information on genetic methods • Techniques use to develop risk models for drinking water, groundwater, recreational water, food and pathogens in the indoor environment
Book Synopsis Wastewater Pathogens by : Michael H. Gerardi
Download or read book Wastewater Pathogens written by Michael H. Gerardi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-10-28 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to wastewater pathogens The fourth volume in Wiley's Wastewater Microbiology series, Wastewater Pathogens offers wastewater personnel a practical guide that is free of overly technical jargon. Designed especially for operators, the text provides straight facts on the biology of treatment as well as appropriate protective measures. Coverage includes: * An overview of relevant history, hazards, and organisms * Viruses, bacteria, and fungi * Protozoa and helminthes * Ectoparasites and rodents * Aerosols, foam, and sludge * Disease transmission and the body's defenses * Removal, inactivation, and destruction of pathogens * Hygiene measures, protective equipment, and immunizations
Book Synopsis Managing Wastewater in Coastal Urban Areas by : National Research Council
Download or read book Managing Wastewater in Coastal Urban Areas written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Close to one-half of all Americans live in coastal counties. The resulting flood of wastewater, stormwater, and pollutants discharged into coastal waters is a major concern. This book offers a well-delineated approach to integrated coastal management beginning with wastewater and stormwater control. The committee presents an overview of current management practices and problems. The core of the volume is a detailed model for integrated coastal management, offering basic principles and methods, a direction for moving from general concerns to day-to-day activities, specific steps from goal setting through monitoring performance, and a base of scientific and technical information. Success stories from the Chesapeake and Santa Monica bays are included. The volume discusses potential barriers to integrated coastal management and how they may be overcome and suggests steps for introducing this concept into current programs and legislation. This practical volume will be important to anyone concerned about management of coastal waters: policymakers, resource and municipal managers, environmental professionals, concerned community groups, and researchers, as well as faculty and students in environmental studies.
Book Synopsis Seafood Safety by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Seafood Safety written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can Americans continue to add more seafood to their diets without fear of illness or even death? Seafood-caused health problems are not widespread, but consumers are at risk from seafood-borne microbes and toxinsâ€"with consequences that can range from mild enteritis to fatal illness. At a time when legislators and consumer groups are seeking a sound regulatory approach, Seafood Safety presents a comprehensive set of practical recommendations for ensuring the safety of the seafood supply. This volume presents the first-ever overview of the field, covering seafood consumption patterns, where and how seafood contamination occurs, and the effectiveness of regulation. A wealth of technical information is presented on the sources of contaminationâ€"microbes, natural toxins, and chemical pollutantsâ€"and their effects on human health. The volume evaluates methods used for risk assessment and inspection sampling.
Book Synopsis Under the Weather by : National Research Council
Download or read book Under the Weather written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-29 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the dawn of medical science, people have recognized connections between a change in the weather and the appearance of epidemic disease. With today's technology, some hope that it will be possible to build models for predicting the emergence and spread of many infectious diseases based on climate and weather forecasts. However, separating the effects of climate from other effects presents a tremendous scientific challenge. Can we use climate and weather forecasts to predict infectious disease outbreaks? Can the field of public health advance from "surveillance and response" to "prediction and prevention?" And perhaps the most important question of all: Can we predict how global warming will affect the emergence and transmission of infectious disease agents around the world? Under the Weather evaluates our current understanding of the linkages among climate, ecosystems, and infectious disease; it then goes a step further and outlines the research needed to improve our understanding of these linkages. The book also examines the potential for using climate forecasts and ecological observations to help predict infectious disease outbreaks, identifies the necessary components for an epidemic early warning system, and reviews lessons learned from the use of climate forecasts in other realms of human activity.
Book Synopsis The Shrimp Book by : Victoria Alday-Sanz
Download or read book The Shrimp Book written by Victoria Alday-Sanz and published by Nottingham University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 937 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive source of information on all aspects of shrimp production, this reference covers not only the global status of shrimp farming, but also examines shrimp anatomy and physiology. From nutrition to health management and harvesting issues to biosecurity, this well-researched volume evaluates existing knowledge, proposes new concepts, and questions common practices. With an extensive review on worldwide production systems, this compilation will be highly relevant to research scientists, students, and shrimp producers.
Book Synopsis Environmental Microbiology of Aquatic and Waste Systems by : Nduka Okafor
Download or read book Environmental Microbiology of Aquatic and Waste Systems written by Nduka Okafor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-21 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book places the main actors in environmental microbiology, namely the microorganisms, on center stage. Using the modern approach of 16S ribosomal RNA, the book looks at the taxonomy of marine and freshwater bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, viruses, and the smaller aquatic animals such as nematodes and rotifers, as well as at the study of unculturable aquatic microorganisms (metagenomics). The peculiarities of water as an environment for microbial growth, and the influence of aquatic microorganisms on global climate and global recycling of nitrogen and sulphur are also examined. The pollution of water is explored in the context of self-purification of natural waters. Modern municipal water purification and disease transmission through water are discussed. Alternative methods for solid waste disposal are related to the economic capability of a society. Viruses are given special attention. By focusing on the basics, this primer will appeal across a wide range of disciplines.
Book Synopsis From Source Water to Drinking Water by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book From Source Water to Drinking Water written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-11-01 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine was established in 1988 as a mechanism for bringing the various stakeholders together to discuss environmental health issues in a neutral setting. The members of the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine come from academia, industry, and government. Their perspectives range widely and represent the diverse viewpoints of researchers, federal officials, and consumers. They meet, discuss environmental health issues that are of mutual interest, and bring others together to discuss these issues as well. For example, they regularly convene workshops to help facilitate discussion of a particular topic. The Rountable's fifth national workshop entitled From Source Water to Drinking Water: Ongoing and Emerging Challenges for Public Health continued the theme established by previous Roundtable workshops, looking at rebuilding the unity of health and the environment. This workshop summary captures the discussions and presentations by the speakers and participants, who identified the areas in which additional research was needed, the processes by which changes could occur, and the gaps in our knowledge.
Book Synopsis Water Quality for Ecosystem and Human Health by : Geneviève M. Carr
Download or read book Water Quality for Ecosystem and Human Health written by Geneviève M. Carr and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 2008 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is intended to provide an overview of the major components of surface and ground water quality and how these relate to ecosystem and human health. Local, regional and global assessments of water quality monitoring data are used to illustrate key features of aquatic environments, and to demonstrate how human activities on the landscape can influence water quality in both positive and negative ways. Clear and concise background knowledge on water quality can serve to support other water assessments.
Book Synopsis Viruses and Wastewater Treatment by : Marian Goddard
Download or read book Viruses and Wastewater Treatment written by Marian Goddard and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1981 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: