Engineering Of Complex Computer Systems

Download Engineering Of Complex Computer Systems full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Engineering Of Complex Computer Systems ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Computer Systems and Software Engineering: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications

Author : Management Association, Information Resources
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522539247
Total Pages : 2124 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Computer Systems and Software Engineering: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications by : Management Association, Information Resources

Download or read book Computer Systems and Software Engineering: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 2124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professionals in the interdisciplinary field of computer science focus on the design, operation, and maintenance of computational systems and software. Methodologies and tools of engineering are utilized alongside computer applications to develop efficient and precise information databases. Computer Systems and Software Engineering: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a comprehensive reference source for the latest scholarly material on trends, techniques, and uses of various technology applications and examines the benefits and challenges of these computational developments. Highlighting a range of pertinent topics such as utility computing, computer security, and information systems applications, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for academicians, researchers, students, web designers, software developers, and practitioners interested in computer systems and software engineering.

Complex Engineered Systems

Author : Dan Braha
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540328343
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Complex Engineered Systems by : Dan Braha

Download or read book Complex Engineered Systems written by Dan Braha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-06-24 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on the large-scale engineering systems that shape and guide our everyday lives. It does this by bringing together the latest research and practice defining the emerging field of Complex Engineered Systems. Understanding, designing, building and controlling such complex systems is going to be a central challenge for engineers in the coming decades. This book is a step toward addressing that challenge.

Green IT Engineering: Concepts, Models, Complex Systems Architectures

Author : Vyacheslav Kharchenko
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319441620
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Green IT Engineering: Concepts, Models, Complex Systems Architectures by : Vyacheslav Kharchenko

Download or read book Green IT Engineering: Concepts, Models, Complex Systems Architectures written by Vyacheslav Kharchenko and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-21 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a comprehensive state of the art overview of a series of advanced trends and concepts that have recently been proposed in the area of green information technologies engineering as well as of design and development methodologies for models and complex systems architectures and their intelligent components. The contributions included in the volume have their roots in the authors’ presentations, and vivid discussions that have followed the presentations, at a series of workshop and seminars held within the international TEMPUS-project GreenCo project in United Kingdom, Italy, Portugal, Sweden and the Ukraine, during 2013-2015 and at the 1st - 5th Workshops on Green and Safe Computing (GreenSCom) held in Russia, Slovakia and the Ukraine. The book presents a systematic exposition of research on principles, models, components and complex systems and a description of industry- and society-oriented aspects of the green IT engineering. A chapter-oriented structure has been adopted for this book following a “vertical view” of the green IT, from hardware (CPU and FPGA) and software components to complex industrial systems. The 15 chapters of the book are grouped into five sections: (1) Methodology and Principles of Green IT Engineering for Complex Systems, (2) Green Components and Programmable Systems, (3) Green Internet Computing, Cloud and Communication Systems, (4) Modeling and Assessment of Green Computer Systems and Infrastructures, and (5) Green PLC-Based Systems for Industry Applications. The chapters provide an easy to follow, comprehensive introduction to the topics that are addressed, including the most relevant references, so that anyone interested in them can start the study by being able to easily find an introduction to the topic through these references. At the same time, all of them correspond to different aspects of the work in progress being carried out by various research groups throughout the world and, therefore, provide information on the state of the art of some of these topics, challenges and perspectives.

Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems Engineering

Author : Saurabh Mittal
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119378869
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (193 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems Engineering by : Saurabh Mittal

Download or read book Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems Engineering written by Saurabh Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive text that reviews the methods and technologies that explore emergent behavior in complex systems engineering in multidisciplinary fields In Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems Engineering, the authors present the theoretical considerations and the tools required to enable the study of emergent behaviors in manmade systems. Information Technology is key to today’s modern world. Scientific theories introduced in the last five decades can now be realized with the latest computational infrastructure. Modeling and simulation, along with Big Data technologies are at the forefront of such exploration and investigation. The text offers a number of simulation-based methods, technologies, and approaches that are designed to encourage the reader to incorporate simulation technologies to further their understanding of emergent behavior in complex systems. The authors present a resource for those designing, developing, managing, operating, and maintaining systems, including system of systems. The guide is designed to help better detect, analyse, understand, and manage the emergent behaviour inherent in complex systems engineering in order to reap the benefits of innovations and avoid the dangers of unforeseen consequences. This vital resource: Presents coverage of a wide range of simulation technologies Explores the subject of emergence through the lens of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) Offers contributions from authors at the forefront of various related disciplines such as philosophy, science, engineering, sociology, and economics Contains information on the next generation of complex systems engineering Written for researchers, lecturers, and students, Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems Engineering provides an overview of the current discussions on complexity and emergence, and shows how systems engineering methods in general and simulation methods in particular can help in gaining new insights in complex systems engineering.

Introduction to Complexity and Complex Systems

Author : Robert B. Northrop
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439894981
Total Pages : 542 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Introduction to Complexity and Complex Systems by : Robert B. Northrop

Download or read book Introduction to Complexity and Complex Systems written by Robert B. Northrop and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-10-07 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The boundaries between simple and complicated, and complicated and complex system designations are fuzzy and debatable, even using quantitative measures of complexity. However, if you are a biomedical engineer, a biologist, physiologist, economist, politician, stock market speculator, or politician, you have encountered complex systems. Furthermore, your success depends on your ability to successfully interact with and manage a variety of complex systems. In order not to be blindsided by unexpected results, we need a systematic, comprehensive way of analyzing, modeling, and simulating complex systems to predict non-anticipated outcomes. In its engaging first chapters, the book introduces complex systems, Campbell's Law, and the Law of Unintended Consequences, and mathematics necessary for conversations in complex systems. Subsequent chapters illustrate concepts via commonly studied biological mechanisms. The final chapters focus on higher-level complexity problems, and introduce complexity in economic systems. Designed as a reference for biologists and biological engineers, Introduction to Complexity and Complex Systems lends itself to use in a classroom course to introduce advanced students studying biomedical engineering, biophysics, or physiology to complex systems. Engaging and illustrative, this book aids scientists and decision makers in managing biological complexity and complex systems.

Computer, Network, Software, and Hardware Engineering with Applications

Author : Norman F. Schneidewind
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118037456
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Computer, Network, Software, and Hardware Engineering with Applications by : Norman F. Schneidewind

Download or read book Computer, Network, Software, and Hardware Engineering with Applications written by Norman F. Schneidewind and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-27 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many books on computers, networks, and software engineering but none that integrate the three with applications. Integration is important because, increasingly, software dominates the performance, reliability, maintainability, and availability of complex computer and systems. Books on software engineering typically portray software as if it exists in a vacuum with no relationship to the wider system. This is wrong because a system is more than software. It is comprised of people, organizations, processes, hardware, and software. All of these components must be considered in an integrative fashion when designing systems. On the other hand, books on computers and networks do not demonstrate a deep understanding of the intricacies of developing software. In this book you will learn, for example, how to quantitatively analyze the performance, reliability, maintainability, and availability of computers, networks, and software in relation to the total system. Furthermore, you will learn how to evaluate and mitigate the risk of deploying integrated systems. You will learn how to apply many models dealing with the optimization of systems. Numerous quantitative examples are provided to help you understand and interpret model results. This book can be used as a first year graduate course in computer, network, and software engineering; as an on-the-job reference for computer, network, and software engineers; and as a reference for these disciplines.

Complex Systems Engineering

Author : Shannon Flumerfelt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781624105647
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (56 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Complex Systems Engineering by : Shannon Flumerfelt

Download or read book Complex Systems Engineering written by Shannon Flumerfelt and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents state-of-the-art thought leadership on system complexity for aerospace and aviation, where breakthrough paradigms and strategies are sorely needed. The breadth of topics covered provide an enriched view of all types of systems-technical, machine, and human systems - to both practitioners and academics.

Large-scale Complex System and Systems of Systems

Author : Dominique Luzeaux
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118601483
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Large-scale Complex System and Systems of Systems by : Dominique Luzeaux

Download or read book Large-scale Complex System and Systems of Systems written by Dominique Luzeaux and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-24 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the growing maturity of information and communication technologies, systems have been interconnected within growing networks, yielding new services through a combination of the system functionalities. This leads to an increasing complexity that has to be managed in order to take advantage of these system integrations. This book provides key answers as to how such systems of systems can be engineered and how their complexity can be mastered. After reviewing some definitions on systems of systems engineering, the book focuses on concrete applications and offers a survey of the activities and techniques that allow engineering of complex systems and systems of systems. Case studies, ranging from emergency situations such as Hurricane Katrina and its crisis management or a generic scenario of a major traffic accident and its emergency response, to the establishment of a scientific basis in the Antarctic region illustrate key factors of success and traps to avoid in order to cope with such situations.

The Elements of Computing Systems

Author : Noam Nisan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0262640686
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (626 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Elements of Computing Systems by : Noam Nisan

Download or read book The Elements of Computing Systems written by Noam Nisan and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title gives students an integrated and rigorous picture of applied computer science, as it comes to play in the construction of a simple yet powerful computer system.

Modeling and Control of Complex Systems

Author : Petros A. Ioannou
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0849379865
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (493 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modeling and Control of Complex Systems by : Petros A. Ioannou

Download or read book Modeling and Control of Complex Systems written by Petros A. Ioannou and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-12-26 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehension of complex systems comes from an understanding of not only the behavior of constituent elements but how they act together to form the behavior of the whole. However, given the multidisciplinary nature of complex systems, the scattering of information across different areas creates a chaotic situation for those trying to understand pos

Control of Complex Systems

Author : Karl J. Aström
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447103491
Total Pages : 485 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Control of Complex Systems by : Karl J. Aström

Download or read book Control of Complex Systems written by Karl J. Aström and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world of artificial systems is reaching complexity levels that es cape human understanding. Surface traffic, electricity distribution, air planes, mobile communications, etc. , are examples that demonstrate that we are running into problems that are beyond classical scientific or engi neering knowledge. There is an ongoing world-wide effort to understand these systems and develop models that can capture its behavior. The reason for this work is clear, if our lack of understanding deepens, we will lose our capability to control these systems and make they behave as we want. Researchers from many different fields are trying to understand and develop theories for complex man-made systems. This book presents re search from the perspective of control and systems theory. The book has grown out of activities in the research program Control of Complex Systems (COSY). The program has been sponsored by the Eu ropean Science Foundation (ESF) which for 25 years has been one of the leading players in stimulating scientific research. ESF is a European asso ciation of more than 60 leading national science agencies spanning more than 20 countries. ESF covers has standing committees in Medical Sci ences, Life and Environmental Sciences, Physical and Engineering Sci ences, Humanities and Social Sciences. The COSY program was ESF's first activity in the Engineering Sciences. The program run for a period of five years starting January 1995.

Analysis And Synthesis Of Computer Systems (2nd Edition)

Author : Erol Gelenbe
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1908978422
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Analysis And Synthesis Of Computer Systems (2nd Edition) by : Erol Gelenbe

Download or read book Analysis And Synthesis Of Computer Systems (2nd Edition) written by Erol Gelenbe and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-04-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis and Synthesis of Computer Systems presents a broad overview of methods that are used to evaluate the performance of computer systems and networks, manufacturing systems, and interconnected services systems. Aside from a highly readable style that rigorously addresses all subjects, this second edition includes new chapters on numerical methods for queueing models and on G-networks, the latter being a new area of queuing theory that one of the authors has pioneered.This book will have a broad appeal to students, practitioners and researchers in several different areas, including practicing computer engineers as well as computer science and engineering students./a

Systems Engineering Demystified

Author : Jon Holt
Publisher : Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1838985441
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (389 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Systems Engineering Demystified by : Jon Holt

Download or read book Systems Engineering Demystified written by Jon Holt and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get to grips with systems engineering life cycles, processes, and best practices and discover techniques to successfully develop complex systems Key Features Discover how to manage increased complexity and understand systems better via effective communication Adopt a proven model-based approach for systems engineering in your organization Apply proven techniques for requirements, design, validation and verification, and systems engineering management Book DescriptionSystems engineering helps us to understand, specify, and develop complex systems, and is applied across a wide set of disciplines. As systems and their associated problems become increasingly complex in this evermore connected world, the need for more rigorous, demonstrable, and repeatable techniques also increases. Written by Professor Jon Holt – an internationally recognized systems engineering expert – this book provides a blend of technical and business aspects you need to understand in order to develop successful systems. You'll start with systems engineering basics and understand the complexity, communication, and different stakeholders' views of the system. The book then covers essential aspects of model-based systems engineering, systems, life cycles, and processes, along with techniques to develop systems. Moving on, you'll explore system models and visualization techniques, focusing on the SysML, and discover how solutions can be defined by developing effective system design, verification, and validation techniques. The book concludes by taking you through key management processes and systems engineering best practices and guidelines. By the end of this systems engineering book, you'll be able to confidently apply modern model-based systems engineering techniques to your own systems and projects.What you will learn Understand the three evils of systems engineering - complexity, ambiguous communication, and lack of understanding Realize successful systems using model-based systems engineering Understand the concept of life cycles and how they control the evolution of a system Explore processes and related concepts such as activities, stakeholders, and resources Discover how needs fit into the systems life cycle and which processes are relevant and how to comply with them Find out how design, verification, and validation fit into the life cycle and processes Who this book is for This book is for aspiring systems engineers, engineering managers, or anyone looking to apply systems engineering practices to their systems and projects. While a well-structured, model-based approach to systems engineering is an essential skill for engineers of all disciplines, many companies are finding that new graduates have little understanding of systems engineering. This book helps you acquire this skill with the help of a simple and practical approach to developing successful systems. No prior knowledge of systems engineering or modeling is required to get started with this book.

Netcentric System of Systems Engineering with DEVS Unified Process

Author : Saurabh Mittal
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439827079
Total Pages : 713 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Netcentric System of Systems Engineering with DEVS Unified Process by : Saurabh Mittal

Download or read book Netcentric System of Systems Engineering with DEVS Unified Process written by Saurabh Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In areas such as military, security, aerospace, and disaster management, the need for performance optimization and interoperability among heterogeneous systems is increasingly important. Model-driven engineering, a paradigm in which the model becomes the actual software, offers a promising approach toward systems of systems (SoS) engineering. However, model-driven engineering has largely been unachieved in complex dynamical systems and netcentric SoS, partly because modeling and simulation (M&S) frameworks are stove-piped and not designed for SoS composability. Addressing this gap, Netcentric System of Systems Engineering with DEVS Unified Process presents a methodology for realizing the model-driven engineering vision and netcentric SoS using DEVS Unified Process (DUNIP). The authors draw on their experience with Discrete Event Systems Specification (DEVS) formalism, System Entity Structure (SES) theory, and applying model-driven engineering in the context of a netcentric SoS. They describe formal model-driven engineering methods for netcentric M&S using standards-based approaches to develop and test complex dynamic models with DUNIP. The book is organized into five sections: Section I introduces undergraduate students and novices to the world of DEVS. It covers systems and SoS M&S as well as DEVS formalism, software, modeling language, and DUNIP. It also assesses DUNIP with the requirements of the Department of Defense’s (DoD) Open Unified Technical Framework (OpenUTF) for netcentric Test and Evaluation (T&E). Section II delves into M&S-based systems engineering for graduate students, advanced practitioners, and industry professionals. It provides methodologies to apply M&S principles to SoS design and reviews the development of executable architectures based on a framework such as the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF). It also describes an approach for building netcentric knowledge-based contingency-driven systems. Section III guides graduate students, advanced DEVS users, and industry professionals who are interested in building DEVS virtual machines and netcentric SoS. It discusses modeling standardization, the deployment of models and simulators in a netcentric environment, event-driven architectures, and more. Section IV explores real-world case studies that realize many of the concepts defined in the previous chapters. Section V outlines the next steps and looks at how the modeling of netcentric complex adaptive systems can be attempted using DEVS concepts. It touches on the boundaries of DEVS formalism and the future work needed to utilize advanced concepts like weak and strong emergence, self-organization, scale-free systems, run-time modularity, and event interoperability. This groundbreaking work details how DUNIP offers a well-structured, platform-independent methodology for the modeling and simulation of netcentric system of systems.

Principles of Computer System Design

Author : Jerome H. Saltzer
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 0080959423
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Principles of Computer System Design by : Jerome H. Saltzer

Download or read book Principles of Computer System Design written by Jerome H. Saltzer and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2009-05-21 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Computer System Design is the first textbook to take a principles-based approach to the computer system design. It identifies, examines, and illustrates fundamental concepts in computer system design that are common across operating systems, networks, database systems, distributed systems, programming languages, software engineering, security, fault tolerance, and architecture.Through carefully analyzed case studies from each of these disciplines, it demonstrates how to apply these concepts to tackle practical system design problems. To support the focus on design, the text identifies and explains abstractions that have proven successful in practice such as remote procedure call, client/service organization, file systems, data integrity, consistency, and authenticated messages. Most computer systems are built using a handful of such abstractions. The text describes how these abstractions are implemented, demonstrates how they are used in different systems, and prepares the reader to apply them in future designs.The book is recommended for junior and senior undergraduate students in Operating Systems, Distributed Systems, Distributed Operating Systems and/or Computer Systems Design courses; and professional computer systems designers. - Concepts of computer system design guided by fundamental principles - Cross-cutting approach that identifies abstractions common to networking, operating systems, transaction systems, distributed systems, architecture, and software engineering - Case studies that make the abstractions real: naming (DNS and the URL); file systems (the UNIX file system); clients and services (NFS); virtualization (virtual machines); scheduling (disk arms); security (TLS) - Numerous pseudocode fragments that provide concrete examples of abstract concepts - Extensive support. The authors and MIT OpenCourseWare provide on-line, free of charge, open educational resources, including additional chapters, course syllabi, board layouts and slides, lecture videos, and an archive of lecture schedules, class assignments, and design projects

Complexity

Author : Melanie Mitchell
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199724571
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Complexity by : Melanie Mitchell

Download or read book Complexity written by Melanie Mitchell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What enables individually simple insects like ants to act with such precision and purpose as a group? How do trillions of neurons produce something as extraordinarily complex as consciousness? In this remarkably clear and companionable book, leading complex systems scientist Melanie Mitchell provides an intimate tour of the sciences of complexity, a broad set of efforts that seek to explain how large-scale complex, organized, and adaptive behavior can emerge from simple interactions among myriad individuals. Based on her work at the Santa Fe Institute and drawing on its interdisciplinary strategies, Mitchell brings clarity to the workings of complexity across a broad range of biological, technological, and social phenomena, seeking out the general principles or laws that apply to all of them. Richly illustrated, Complexity: A Guided Tour--winner of the 2010 Phi Beta Kappa Book Award in Science--offers a wide-ranging overview of the ideas underlying complex systems science, the current research at the forefront of this field, and the prospects for its contribution to solving some of the most important scientific questions of our time.

Modeling of Complex Systems

Author : V. Vemuri
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483267520
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modeling of Complex Systems by : V. Vemuri

Download or read book Modeling of Complex Systems written by V. Vemuri and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-10 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling of Complex Systems: An Introduction describes the framework of complex systems. This book discusses the language of system theory, taxonomy of system concepts, steps in model building, and establishing relations using physical laws. The statistical attributes of data, generation of random numbers fundamental problems of recognition, and input-output type models are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the optimization with equality constraints, transfer function models, and competition among species. This publication is written primarily for senior undergraduate students and beginning graduate students who are interested in an interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary approach to large-scale or complex problems of contemporary societal interest.