Enforcing Pollution Control Regulation

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Enforcing Pollution Control Regulation

Author : Carolyn Abbot
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1847315097
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (473 download)

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Book Synopsis Enforcing Pollution Control Regulation by : Carolyn Abbot

Download or read book Enforcing Pollution Control Regulation written by Carolyn Abbot and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2009-05-18 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoring and enforcement issues must be analysed when determining the effectiveness of pollution control regulation, and clearly influence choices about how to regulate. This book demonstrates how an economic analysis of law enforcement can generate important insights into how best to enforce pollution control regulation. It seeks to provide a clear and accessible way into the law and economics literature on enforcement. More specifically, it uses Gary Becker's deterrence model which, by differentiating between two enforcement variables (namely the probability of apprehension and conviction and the severity of sanction), facilitates a comparison of the effectiveness of different enforcement tools in inducing desirable behaviour. As such, it provides a valuable analytical tool in considering how best to pursue cost-effective enforcement. Major themes to be addressed include Becker's deterrence model and expansions thereof, reasons for compliance, environmental enforcement strategies and the importance of a deterrence threat and formal pollution control law enforcement mechanisms such as prosecution and criminal sanctions, administrative mechanisms and civil liability. The book argues that in pursuing cost-effective enforcement much can be learned from examining enforcement practices in different jurisdictions, and to this end the author examines pollution control laws, enforcement strategies and sanctions in Australia, Canada and England and Wales. The book makes an important contribution to existing literature on environmental law enforcement, but its value extends beyond this. The theoretical framework adopted and the range of issues discussed make it of interest to regulatory and public law scholars more generally.

Enforcing Pollution Control Laws

Author : Clifford S. Russell
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135997578
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis Enforcing Pollution Control Laws by : Clifford S. Russell

Download or read book Enforcing Pollution Control Laws written by Clifford S. Russell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic models are used to show the extent of the difficulties involved in monitoring and enforcing pollution control laws on a continual basis. The authors make several recommendations for policy change. They also show that high rates of compliance can be achieved within tight budget constraints. Originally published in 1986

Federal Pollution Control Laws

Author : Robert Esworthy
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437938523
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Federal Pollution Control Laws by : Robert Esworthy

Download or read book Federal Pollution Control Laws written by Robert Esworthy and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Intro.; Federal and State Government Interaction; (2) Statutory Framework for Enforcement of Pollution Control Laws and Key Players: Key Players in Environ. Enforcement and Compliance: EPA; U.S. Dept. of Justice; Other Federal Agencies; States and ¿Delegated Authority¿; Citizens; (3) Enforcement at Federal Facilities: Enforcement Response and Compliance Tools; Monitoring, Inspections, and Evaluations; Civil Admin. Actions; Civil and Criminal Judicial Enforcement; Sanctions and Penalties: Penalties Assessed to Federal Facilities; Environ. Justice and Enforcement/Compliance (E/C); Compliance Assistance and Incentive Approaches; (4) Funding for E/C Activities. Examples of Reported Enforcement Actions and Penalties Over Time. Illus. and tables.

Environmental Regulation in China

Author : Xiaoying Ma
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780847693993
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Regulation in China by : Xiaoying Ma

Download or read book Environmental Regulation in China written by Xiaoying Ma and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2000 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though China has created an administrative structure and regulatory programs to curb pollution, environmental quality has continued to deteriorate. Are polluters following the rules? How do regulators and polluters alike respond to ChinaOs environmental controls? This thoroughly documented study examines these central questions by analyzing compliance with programs involving wastewater discharge standards, fees, and permits. The successes and failures of these programs are tracked in comprehensive case studies and remarkably candid surveys of factory managers in six Chinese cities. The authorsO final chapter adds an international dimension by comparing Chinese water pollution control programs with their counterparts in the United States.

Environmental Laws and Their Enforcement - Volume I

Author : A. Dan Tarlock
Publisher : EOLSS Publications
ISBN 13 : 1848261136
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (482 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Laws and Their Enforcement - Volume I by : A. Dan Tarlock

Download or read book Environmental Laws and Their Enforcement - Volume I written by A. Dan Tarlock and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Laws and Their Enforcement is a component of Encyclopedia of Social Sciences and Humanities in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The volume on Environmental Laws and Their Enforcement deals, in two volumes , with a myriad of issues of great relevance to our world such as: Sustainable Development and National Governance; History of Environmental Law; International Environmental Law; Constitutional Law; International Binding Mechanisms; Laws Governing Freshwater and Ground Water Pollution; Forestry; Biodiversity Conservation and Endangered Species Protection; International Guidelines and Principles; Compliance Models for Enforcement of Environmental Laws And Regulations; International Environmental Law; Life Support Systems: Law and Policy; The Principle of Sustainable Development in International Development Law; Environmental Pollution Regulations; Social Concerns for Environmental Exposures to Toxic Substances; Regulation of Air and Pollutants. These volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.

Air Pollution Control Law

Author : Arnold W. Reitze
Publisher : Environmental Law Institute
ISBN 13 : 9781585760275
Total Pages : 846 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution Control Law by : Arnold W. Reitze

Download or read book Air Pollution Control Law written by Arnold W. Reitze and published by Environmental Law Institute. This book was released on 2001 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air Pollution Control Law provides explanation of the legislative provisions, regulatory requirements, and court decisions that comprise the body of air pollution control law.

Enforcing Federal Pollution Control Laws

Author : Norbert Forgács
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781608760824
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Enforcing Federal Pollution Control Laws by : Norbert Forgács

Download or read book Enforcing Federal Pollution Control Laws written by Norbert Forgács and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of its mission to protect human health and the environment, the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) enforcement office maintains civil and criminal enforcement programs to help enforce the requirements of major federal environmental laws such as the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act. EPA's civil and criminal enforcement programs work with the Department of Justice (DOJ), and in some cases States, to take legal actions to bring polluters into compliance with federal laws. While civil enforcement actions require polluters to pay penalties and take other corrective actions, criminal enforcement actions may also include imprisonment. EPA estimates that these efforts achieved commitments to reduce 3.9 billion pounds of pollutants in the environment, primarily from air and water. EPA also assessed more than $195 million in civil and criminal fines and restitution during FY2008. Nevertheless, non-compliance with federal pollution control laws remains a continuing concern. This book focuses on the EPA's vow to pursue civil and criminal violations of environmental laws. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.

Out of Bounds and Out of Control

Author : James V. DeLong
Publisher : Cato Institute
ISBN 13 : 1933995831
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (339 download)

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Book Synopsis Out of Bounds and Out of Control by : James V. DeLong

Download or read book Out of Bounds and Out of Control written by James V. DeLong and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 2002-09-25 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Out of Bounds, Out of Control measures the enforcement activities of the Environmental Protection Agency against that standard and finds them disturbingly deficient. Environmental regulation is so detailed and obscure that no one can identify all relevant mandates, let alone ensure compliance. EPA maintains broad discretion to define legal violations and resists any checks. Discretion is exercised retroactively or arbitrarily. People fear to dispute the agency's interpretation of its power or express doubts about the absolute primacy of its mission lest they be made into examples. The concept of "intent" has become so attenuated that it provides no limitation on prosecution. The EPA also blurs the lines separating governmental powers. Using its open-ended authority to "interpret" vague statutes, it makes the laws that define its own powers, then investigates, prosecutes, adjudicates, and penalizes. Judicial checks are sporadic. This panoply of authority breeds regulatory zealotry and a disregard for the rights of the regulated. The book, however, is more than a sobering look at a legal theory. In story after story specific regulatory abuses are examined, many of which are positively Kafkaesque. Moreover, many of the problems documented in the book are pandemic across the government. The ultimate lesson to be drawn is that deep structural reform is needed to restore the rule of law to administrative agencies.

Federal Pollution Control Laws

Author : Robert Esworthy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (921 download)

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Book Synopsis Federal Pollution Control Laws by : Robert Esworthy

Download or read book Federal Pollution Control Laws written by Robert Esworthy and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of enforcement actions and settlements for noncompliance with federal pollution control requirements, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that, for FY2007, regulated entities committed to invest an estimated $10.6 billion for judicially mandated controls and cleanup, and for implementing mutually agreed upon (supplemental) environmentally beneficial projects. EPA estimates that these efforts achieved commitments to reduce 900 million pounds of pollutants in the environment, primarily from air and water. EPA also assessed more than $145 million in civil and criminal fines and restitution during FY2007. Nevertheless, noncompliance with federal pollution control laws remains a continuing concern. The overall effectiveness of the current enforcement organizational framework, the balance between state autonomy and federal oversight, and the adequacy of funding are long-standing congressional concerns. This report provides an overview of the statutory framework, key players, infrastructure, resources, tools, and operations associated with enforcement and compliance of the major pollution control laws and regulations administered by EPA. It also outlines the roles of federal (including regional offices) and state regulators, as well as the regulated community. Understanding the many facets of how all federal pollution control laws are enforced, and the responsible parties involved, can be challenging. Enforcement of the considerable body of these laws involves a complex framework and organizational setting. The array of enforcement/compliance tools employed to achieve and maintain compliance includes monitoring, investigation, administrative and judicial (civil and criminal) actions and penalties, and compliance assistance and incentive approaches. Most compliance violations are resolved administratively by the states and EPA. EPA concluded 4,624 final administrative penalty orders in FY2006. Civil judicial actions, which may be filed by states or EPA, are the next most frequent enforcement action. EPA may refer civil cases to the Department of Justice (DOJ), referring 286 civil cases in FY2006. The U.S. Attorney General's Office and DOJ's Environmental Crimes Section, or the State Attorneys General, in coordination with EPA criminal investigators and general counsel, may prosecute criminal violations against individuals or entities who knowingly disregard environmental laws or are criminally negligent. Federal appropriations for environmental enforcement and compliance activities generally have remained relatively constant in recent fiscal years. Total funding for EPA's enforcement activities in FY2007 was $548.9 million. Many contend that overall funding for enforcement activities has not kept pace with inflation or with the increasingly complex federal pollution control requirements.

Environmental Regulations Handbook

Author : Jacob I. Bregman
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780873714945
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (149 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Regulations Handbook by : Jacob I. Bregman

Download or read book Environmental Regulations Handbook written by Jacob I. Bregman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-11-26 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Regulations provides a comprehensive introduction to the environmental laws and regulations with which industry must comply to stay in business. It presents the laws passed by Congress to control pollution, the regulations developed by government agencies to comply with the requirements of those laws, penalties for violations of regulations, and how companies can determine whether or not they are in violation of regulations. To promote a better understanding of why current regulations are written in the manner they are, the book includes examples of the history, chronology, and setting in which environmental laws were developed and how they have evolved through time. It also provides an introduction to The Federal Register, codification, and the Code of Federal Regulations, as well as an examination of how a regulation is developed within government. Environmental Regulations addresses several important issues, including discharges to water, ambient and indoor air, solid and hazardous wastes, toxic pollutants, abandoned dumps, the worker environment, enforcement and compliance, environmental investigations, and environmental assessments. It will be a source of fundamental information on major environmental regulated areas for industry professionals, environmentalists, state environmental protection or department of natural resource personnel, engineers, environmental lawyers, and others who must understand environmental regulations and their enforcement. The book will also be a useful introduction for instructors and students involved in courses in water resources, systems analysis, and environmental engineering. Features

Regulating Land and Pollution in China

Author : Benjamin van Rooij
Publisher : Amsterdam University Press
ISBN 13 : 9087280130
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulating Land and Pollution in China by : Benjamin van Rooij

Download or read book Regulating Land and Pollution in China written by Benjamin van Rooij and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation. Many of China's rivers and lakes are strongly polluted, the air in cities is amongst the worst in the world, while some have warned that if the country is not careful it may soon have insufficient arable land to feed its population. This book looks at why the protection of natural resources through stricter legislation and more stringent law enforcement has been so difficult. It does so through a combination of a local case with comparative and theoretical insights about lawmaking, compliance and enforcement. It offers a unique view on how law functions in the world's largest legal system, and how such law interacts with the social, economic and political circumstances at hand. This book offers an incomparable body of empirical and theoretical knowledge for those interested in how law functions in China, as well as those interested in the workings of regulatory lawmaking, compliance, and enforcement in a comparative perspective. This title can be previewed in Google Books - http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9789087280130.

Environment and Enforcement

Author : Keith Hawkins
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Environment and Enforcement by : Keith Hawkins

Download or read book Environment and Enforcement written by Keith Hawkins and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1984 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most studies of law enforcement deal with police work, and many are concerned with underenforcement of selective enforcement as problems. This book shifts the focus to social and economic regulation and the issue of compliance.

Enforcing the Law

Author : Susan Hunter
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315285673
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis Enforcing the Law by : Susan Hunter

Download or read book Enforcing the Law written by Susan Hunter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides an analysis of the EPA enforcement of the Clean Water Act and its amendments. The book uses extensive EPA data, including a survey of the EPA and state level environmental officials, to examine enforcement from the perspective of the enforcement personnel.

Enforcement of Environmental Regulations

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Enforcement of Environmental Regulations by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution

Download or read book Enforcement of Environmental Regulations written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Limits of Law

Author : Peter Cleary Yeager
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521448819
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis The Limits of Law by : Peter Cleary Yeager

Download or read book The Limits of Law written by Peter Cleary Yeager and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-08-27 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the development of US water pollution laws, showing how legal processes and social relations interact as the state struggles to reconcile contradictory responsibilities.

Citizen Suits

Author : Jeffrey G. Miller
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Citizen Suits by : Jeffrey G. Miller

Download or read book Citizen Suits written by Jeffrey G. Miller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1987 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Greening of Industrial Ecosystems

Author : National Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309049377
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Greening of Industrial Ecosystems by : National Academy of Engineering

Download or read book The Greening of Industrial Ecosystems written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1970s, the first wave of environmental regulation targeted specific sources of pollutants. In the 1990s, concern is focused not on the ends of pipes or the tops of smokestacks but on sweeping regional and global issues. This landmark volume explores the new industrial ecology, an emerging framework for making environmental factors an integral part of economic and business decision making. Experts on this new frontier explore concepts and applications, including: Bringing international law up to par with many national laws to encourage industrial ecology principles. Integrating environmental costs into accounting systems. Understanding design for environment, industrial "metabolism," and sustainable development and how these concepts will affect the behavior of industrial and service firms. The volume looks at negative and positive aspects of technology and addresses treatment of waste as a raw material. This volume will be important to domestic and international policymakers, leaders in business and industry, environmental specialists, and engineers and designers.