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Author : Tingting Ma
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)
Download or read book Empirical Study of Simple Car-following Model Validation and Freeway Lane-changing Maneuver written by Tingting Ma and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Martin Treiber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642324592
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)
Download or read book Traffic Flow Dynamics written by Martin Treiber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a comprehensive and instructive coverage of vehicular traffic flow dynamics and modeling. It makes this fascinating interdisciplinary topic, which to date was only documented in parts by specialized monographs, accessible to a broad readership. Numerous figures and problems with solutions help the reader to quickly understand and practice the presented concepts. This book is targeted at students of physics and traffic engineering and, more generally, also at students and professionals in computer science, mathematics, and interdisciplinary topics. It also offers material for project work in programming and simulation at college and university level. The main part, after presenting different categories of traffic data, is devoted to a mathematical description of the dynamics of traffic flow, covering macroscopic models which describe traffic in terms of density, as well as microscopic many-particle models in which each particle corresponds to a vehicle and its driver. Focus chapters on traffic instabilities and model calibration/validation present these topics in a novel and systematic way. Finally, the theoretical framework is shown at work in selected applications such as traffic-state and travel-time estimation, intelligent transportation systems, traffic operations management, and a detailed physics-based model for fuel consumption and emissions.
Author : Rahim Farahnak Benekohal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 954 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (247 download)
Download or read book Development and Validation of a Car Following Model for Simulation of Traffic Flow and Traffic Wave Studies at Bottlenecks written by Rahim Farahnak Benekohal and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Andrew Leo Berthaume
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (95 download)
Download or read book Microscopic Modeling of Driver Behavior Based on Modifying Field Theory for Work Zone Application written by Andrew Leo Berthaume and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because many freeways in the U.S. and abroad are being reconstructed or rehabilitated, it becomes increasingly important to plan and design freeway work zones with the utmost in safety and efficiency. Central to the effective design of work zones is being able to understand how drivers behave as they approach and enter a work zone area. While simple and complex microscopic models have been used over the years to analyze driver behavior, most models were not designed for application in work zones and thus do not capture the interdependencies between lane-changing and car-following vehicle movements along with the drivers' cognitive and physical characteristics. With the use of psychology's field theory, this dissertation develops a framework for creating vector-based, explanatory, deterministic microscopic models, to enhance our understanding of driver behavior in work zones and better aid freeway planners and designers. In field theory, an agent (i.e. the driver) views a field (i.e. the area surrounding the vehicle) filled with stimuli and perceives forces associated with each stimuli once these stimuli are internalized. Based on this theory, the new modeling framework, Modified Field Theory (MFT), is designed to directly incorporate drivers' perceptions to roadway stimuli along with vehicle movements for drivers of different cognitive and physical abilities. From this framework, specific microscopic models, such as a simple freeway work zone car following model, can be created. It is postulated that models derived from this framework would more accurately reflect the driver decision-making process, naturally modeling the effects of external stimuli such as innovative geometric configurations, lane closures, and technology applications such as variable message boards. A simple freeway work zone car following model was created using the MFT framework. Two MFT car-following agents were created and calibrated. The second agent (Agent 2) followed the first agent (Agent 1) through a one-lane segment of freeway. Car-following data for Agent 2 was plotted on a graph of relative speed vs. distance to the lead vehicle, showing car-following behavior. Car-following behavior for Agent 2 was validated against Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center (TFHRC) Living Laboratory data for simple freeway work zone car-following (Driver 15). The car-following behavior of Agent 2 replicated the "spiraling" trend observed in Driver 15. Unlike other models (such as Wiedemann), this model does not 'force' these trends to occur; these trends occur naturally, as a result of the perception-reaction time delay and the nature of the forces involved. Additionally, unusual car following trends reported for Driver 15 were replicated in Modified Field Theory when conditions surrounding each event were synthetically recreated. Results demonstrated that the Modified Field Theory framework can successfully replicate the process by which a driver scans the driving environment and reacts to their surroundings. Microscopic models can successfully be created using this framework. Results demonstrated that models created from this framework naturally recreate behavioral trends observed in empirical data, and that these models are capable of replicating driving behavior in unusual scenarios, such as the car following behavior of a subject vehicle when the lead vehicle has a strong sudden acceleration event. Before this model can be applied to work zones, other calibration and validation efforts are required.
Author : Azim Eskandarian
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9780857290847
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (98 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Intelligent Vehicles written by Azim Eskandarian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Intelligent Vehicles provides a complete coverage of the fundamentals, new technologies, and sub-areas essential to the development of intelligent vehicles; it also includes advances made to date, challenges, and future trends. Significant strides in the field have been made to date; however, so far there has been no single book or volume which captures these advances in a comprehensive format, addressing all essential components and subspecialties of intelligent vehicles, as this book does. Since the intended users are engineering practitioners, as well as researchers and graduate students, the book chapters do not only cover fundamentals, methods, and algorithms but also include how software/hardware are implemented, and demonstrate the advances along with their present challenges. Research at both component and systems levels are required to advance the functionality of intelligent vehicles. This volume covers both of these aspects in addition to the fundamentals listed above.
Author : Lily Elefteriadou
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461484359
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)
Download or read book An Introduction to Traffic Flow Theory written by Lily Elefteriadou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a comprehensive and concise treatment of the topic of traffic flow theory and includes several topics relevant to today’s highway transportation system. It provides the fundamental principles of traffic flow theory as well as applications of those principles for evaluating specific types of facilities (freeways, intersections, etc.). Newer concepts of Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and their potential impact on traffic flow are discussed. State-of-the-art in traffic flow research and microscopic traffic analysis and traffic simulation have significantly advanced and are also discussed in this text. Real world examples and useful problem sets complement each chapter. This textbook is meant for use in advanced undergraduate/graduate level courses in traffic flow theory with prerequisites including two semesters of calculus, statistics, and an introductory course in transportation. The text would also be of interest to transportation professionals as a refresher in traffic flow theory, or as a reference. Students and engineers of diverse backgrounds will find this text accessible and applicable to today’s traffic issues.
Author : Cheng-Chen Kou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Modeling Driver Behavior During Merge Maneuvers written by Cheng-Chen Kou and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major objective of this study is to develop empirical methodologies for modeling ramp driver acceleration-deceleration and gap acceptance behavior during freeway merge maneuvers. A large quantity of freeway merge data were collected from several entrance ramps including both parallel and taper type acceleration lanes capturing a wide traffic flow range to suit different analysis purposes. Comprehensive freeway merge traffic analyses were conducted using the collected data. Both graphical presentations and independence tests in contingency tables indicated that ramp vehicle merge behavior is insignificantly related to any single traffic parameter, such as ramp vehicle approach speeds, freeway flow levels, and speed differentials as well as time or distance gaps between ramp vehicles and surrounding freeway and ramp vehicles. Combination forms of these traffic parameters were found to be better indicators for modeling freeway merge driver behavior. Initially, ramp vehicle acceleration-deceleration behavior models were conceptually formulated as extended forms of conventional nonlinear car-following models incorporating joint freeway and ramp vehicle effects. These sophisticated nonlinear specifications, although theoretically attractive, have been proven to be infeasible to predict dynamic ramp vehicle acceleration-deceleration rates. A multinomial probit model, using speed differentials, distance separations of ramp vehicles to corresponding freeway and ramp vehicles, distance to the acceleration lane terminus, and Markov indexes as attributes, predicted ramp driver acceleration, deceleration, or constant speed choice behavior. The resulting acceleration or deceleration rate magnitudes were predicted by a family of exponential curves using ramp vehicle speed as an explanatory variable. Calibration results of a binary logit gap acceptance function indicated that perceived ramp driver angular velocity to a corresponding freeway lag vehicle and remaining distance to the acceleration lane end are the best gap acceptance decision criteria.
Author : Cécile Appert-Rolland
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540770747
Total Pages : 758 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)
Download or read book Traffic and Granular Flow ' 07 written by Cécile Appert-Rolland and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-19 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers several research fields dealing with transport. This work covers three main topics including road traffic, granular matter, and biological transport. It considers different points of views including modelling, simulations, experiments, and phenomenological observations.
Author : Sai Krishna Ramavajula
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (132 download)
Download or read book Modeling of Lane Change Policy for Lateral IDM Focusing on Microscopic Traffic Simulators written by Sai Krishna Ramavajula and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this thesis is to aid in the development of a comprehensive lateral model for microscopic traffic simulators called the Lateral Intelligent Driver Model (Lateral IDM), to implement realistic lateral maneuvers, and define the lateral behavior for the vehicles. The majority of the microscopic traffic simulators have reached a sophisticated level in the modeling of the longitudinal dynamics. However, a similar model for the lateral dynamics does not exist. The proposed model works in conjunction with the Intelligent Driver Model, an existing car-following model. The lateral IDM has essentially three parts: the Road-following vehicle model, target lane function, and lane change policy. The main contributions of this work are based on the development of the lane change policy. The existing lane change models are studied to understand their limitations and incorporate some of the learnings from these models. The basic lane change maneuver is developed using a PD controller. Since the lateral IDM aims to be as general as possible the target lane and its curvature are also considered. The lane change maneuver is implemented in a Frenet Frame coordinate system. This work constitutes the free road behavior of the vehicle, i.e the lane change behavior when no other traffic participant is present. The control barrier function theory is used to develop safety barriers for the ego vehicle given a traffic configuration. This approach is used to derive the admissible control space for the vehicle. The model specifications such as integrating with existing IDM, extending the safety definition and choice of extended class k function, and their influence on the admissible control space are shown. This thesis is concluded by discussing the next steps involved in extending the safety barriers approach. Also, how the work that was done as a part of this research could be put together in the completion and deployment of a lateral IDM is discussed.
Author : Jaume Barceló
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441961429
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Fundamentals of Traffic Simulation written by Jaume Barceló and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-06 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing power of computer technologies, the evolution of software en- neering and the advent of the intelligent transport systems has prompted traf c simulation to become one of the most used approaches for traf c analysis in s- port of the design and evaluation of traf c systems. The ability of traf c simulation to emulate the time variability of traf c phenomena makes it a unique tool for capturing the complexity of traf c systems. In recent years, traf c simulation – and namely microscopic traf c simulation – has moved from the academic to the professional world. A wide variety of traf- c simulation software is currently available on the market and it is utilized by thousands of users, consultants, researchers and public agencies. Microscopic traf c simulation based on the emulation of traf c ows from the dynamics of individual vehicles is becoming one the most attractive approaches. However, traf c simulation still lacks a uni ed treatment. Dozens of papers on theory and applications are published in scienti c journals every year. A search of simulation-related papers and workshops through the proceedings of the last annual TRB meetings would support this assertion, as would a review of the minutes from speci cally dedicated meetings such as the International Symposiums on Traf c Simulation (Yokohama, 2002; Lausanne, 2006; Brisbane, 2008) or the International Workshops on Traf c Modeling and Simulation (Tucson, 2001; Barcelona, 2003; Sedona, 2005; Graz 2008). Yet, the only comprehensive treatment of the subject to be found so far is in the user’s manuals of various software products.
Author : Lee August Rodegerdts
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309155118
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Roundabouts written by Lee August Rodegerdts and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2010 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 672: Roundabouts: An Informational Guide - Second Edition explores the planning, design, construction, maintenance, and operation of roundabouts. The report also addresses issues that may be useful in helping to explain the trade-offs associated with roundabouts. This report updates the U.S. Federal Highway Administration's Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, based on experience gained in the United States since that guide was published in 2000.
Author : Markus Maurer
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662488477
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)
Download or read book Autonomous Driving written by Markus Maurer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-21 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a look at fully automated, autonomous vehicles and discusses many open questions: How can autonomous vehicles be integrated into the current transportation system with diverse users and human drivers? Where do automated vehicles fall under current legal frameworks? What risks are associated with automation and how will society respond to these risks? How will the marketplace react to automated vehicles and what changes may be necessary for companies? Experts from Germany and the United States define key societal, engineering, and mobility issues related to the automation of vehicles. They discuss the decisions programmers of automated vehicles must make to enable vehicles to perceive their environment, interact with other road users, and choose actions that may have ethical consequences. The authors further identify expectations and concerns that will form the basis for individual and societal acceptance of autonomous driving. While the safety benefits of such vehicles are tremendous, the authors demonstrate that these benefits will only be achieved if vehicles have an appropriate safety concept at the heart of their design. Realizing the potential of automated vehicles to reorganize traffic and transform mobility of people and goods requires similar care in the design of vehicles and networks. By covering all of these topics, the book aims to provide a current, comprehensive, and scientifically sound treatment of the emerging field of “autonomous driving".
Author : Ruediger Lamm
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780070382954
Total Pages : 1088 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (829 download)
Download or read book Highway Design and Traffic Safety Engineering Handbook written by Ruediger Lamm and published by McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Truly unique, this is the first book to present a thoroughly scientific and practical approach to designing highways for maximum safety. Based on original research plus scrupulously collected data amassed over more two decades in different continents by the main author, this important book originates vital criteria for safe design and shows you how best to achieve roads with the lowest possible accident risk and severity rates. A true must-read for highway engineers and safety officials, Highway Design and Traffic Safety Engineering Handbook provides up-to-date information that is available nowhere else and a complete, practical program for designing the safest possible roadways. The authors, who are noted international authorities on highway safety, give you essential information on sound new designs, design cases to avoid, examples of good and poor solutions, the redesign of existing roads, and far more. In addition, this valuable and necessary resource gives you serious help coordinating safety concerns with important economic, environmental, and aesthetic considerations. The new standard in highway design methods, this book will become a keystone in every highway designer's library.
Author : Reza N. Jazar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461485444
Total Pages : 1074 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)
Download or read book Vehicle Dynamics written by Reza N. Jazar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is appropriate for senior undergraduate and first year graduate students in mechanical and automotive engineering. The contents in this book are presented at a theoretical-practical level. It explains vehicle dynamics concepts in detail, concentrating on their practical use. Related theorems and formal proofs are provided, as are real-life applications. Students, researchers and practicing engineers alike will appreciate the user-friendly presentation of a wealth of topics, most notably steering, handling, ride, and related components. This book also: Illustrates all key concepts with examples Includes exercises for each chapter Covers front, rear, and four wheel steering systems, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different steering schemes Includes an emphasis on design throughout the text, which provides a practical, hands-on approach
Author : Daiheng Ni
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0128041471
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Traffic Flow Theory written by Daiheng Ni and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creating Traffic Models is a challenging task because some of their interactions and system components are difficult to adequately express in a mathematical form. Traffic Flow Theory: Characteristics, Experimental Methods, and Numerical Techniques provide traffic engineers with the necessary methods and techniques for mathematically representing traffic flow. The book begins with a rigorous but easy to understand exposition of traffic flow characteristics including Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and traffic sensing technologies. - Includes worked out examples and cases to illustrate concepts, models, and theories - Provides modeling and analytical procedures for supporting different aspects of traffic analyses for supporting different flow models - Carefully explains the dynamics of traffic flow over time and space
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9282102963
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (821 download)
Download or read book ITF Research Reports Moving Freight with Better Trucks Improving Safety, Productivity and Sustainability written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04-19 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report identifies potential improvements in terms of more effective safety and environmental regulation for trucks, backed by better systems of enforcement, and identifies opportunities for greater efficiency and higher productivity.
Author : European Conference of Ministers of Transport
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9282103781
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (821 download)
Download or read book Speed Management written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-10-13 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speeding is the number one road safety problem in a large number of OECD/ECMT countries. It is responsible for around one third of the current, unacceptably high levels of road fatalities. Speeding has an impact not only on accidents but also on the ...
