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Elemental Speciation By Chromatographic Separations Interfaced To Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
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Book Synopsis Elemental Speciation by Chromatographic Separations Interfaced to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry by :
Download or read book Elemental Speciation by Chromatographic Separations Interfaced to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complete characterization of a metal requires the elucidation of properties such as its oxidation state or complex form. Elemental speciation has been defined as the analyses that lead to determining the distribution of an element2s particular chemical species in a sample. This information can be of great use when assessing the risks and benefits associated with particular elements. A large number of methods have been developed which utilize a multitude of different separation mechanisms and detection instruments. Both high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography were the primary separation techniques utilized in this work. Because of its robustness, sensitivity and multi-elemental capabilities, the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer has been routinely used for trace elemental analysis and as part of hyphenated systems for speciation analysis. Sample preparation is a critical area in elemental speciation analysis. It is important that techniques used to extract elemental species are as efficient in comparison to the harsh digestions employed in total elemental analysis. Microwave assisted extractions and enzymatic digestions have become popular ways in which to achieve this. Concentration may also be necessary as levels of elemental species may be quite low. An emerging technique to accomplish this is solid phase microextraction. The above techniques were used separately or in combination to speciate several important classes of compounds. These included the selenoamino acids (which are considered the most bioavailable form of selenium), the brominated flame retardants (bromine species incorporated into plastics to prevent fires), the organophosphorus pesticides (phosphorus compounds used in farming) and two oxidation states of chromium (one essential and one carcinogenic).
Book Synopsis Chromatography with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for Elemental Speciation, Quantification, and Fragmentation Studies by : Hong Ding
Download or read book Chromatography with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for Elemental Speciation, Quantification, and Fragmentation Studies written by Hong Ding and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Elemental Speciation and Trace Metal Analysis Using Chemical Separations Interfaced to Inductively Coupled Plasma-mass Spectrometry by :
Download or read book Elemental Speciation and Trace Metal Analysis Using Chemical Separations Interfaced to Inductively Coupled Plasma-mass Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comparison of capillary electrophoresis (CE) migration times using standard on-column UV detection and inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is presented for two different CE separations. The first is a separation of five arsenic compounds, four anionic species and one neutral, using reverse polarity in a chromate buffer with an electroosmotic flow modifier. The second CE separation employs normal polarity for the separation of eleven lanthanide cations using a HIBA buffer with an indirect UV detection reagent. Migration times observed for CE-ICP-MS electropherograms are comparable to migration times acquired with UV detection, and may be adjusted by changes in the make-up liquid level position. The precision of peak areas (
Book Synopsis Trace Metal Analysis and Speciation by : I.S. Krull
Download or read book Trace Metal Analysis and Speciation written by I.S. Krull and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1991-10-08 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this volume is to describe the most recent advances in areas of analytical chemistry that relate to the trace determination of metals and inorganics, as well as their distribution and forms (species) present, sample dependent. Analytical approaches are described that encompass a number of separation methods, such as gas and high performance liquid chromatography, interfaced with selective and sensitive detection methods that become unique for metal species/forms present in various samples. Hyphenated techniques are emphasized, such as interfacing HPLC with plasma induced emission spectroscopy, electrochemistry, post-column reaction chemistry, etc. Each chapter describes the latest instrumental and methodology advances that utilize some form of chromatography together with element-specific detection or mass spectrometry to provide absolute identification of the specific species of a metal present in various samples. The book will be of value to those concerned with the determination of trace levels of individual metal species present or suspected present in any given sample and to those involved in trace metal toxicology, metabolism of metal-containing drugs or chemicals, environmental exposures to metals and chemical speciation of real world samples. Government regulatory laboratories striving to detect and determine absolute levels of a metal species in any regulated sample will be interested in this volume, as will academic institutes involved in environmental toxicology, environmental chemistry, metal-DNA/protein interactions and researchers working with metal species.
Book Synopsis Liquid Chromatography by : B. Michalke
Download or read book Liquid Chromatography written by B. Michalke and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-01-08 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter describes strategies and methods for speciation investigations using mainly hyphenated techniques of liquid chromatography with element-specific detection. Complete speciation schemes are discussed, starting with the sources of error and problem solutions for sampling and ending with more dimensional, orthogonally chosen coupled-speciation techniques for quality controlled results. The focus in each section is directed to the specific problems being faced with respect to speciation analysis: species stability during sample storage and processing, the choice of the most suitable speciation approaches (direct methods or hyphenated techniques), species separation techniques ranging from ultrafiltration to various forms of liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis, discussing their advantageous as well as their (undesired) potential of changing species. Further, problems in interfacing to element-specific detectors, mainly plasma-based detectors like ICP OES and ICP MS are reported. The chapter concludes with aspects of quality control, including sources of errors and strategies to overcome such problems, such as orthogonal speciation concepts.
Book Synopsis Elemental Speciation by : Joseph A. Caruso
Download or read book Elemental Speciation written by Joseph A. Caruso and published by Elsevier Science Limited. This book was released on 2000 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardbound. This book provides a comprehensive discussion of the major aspects involved in elemental speciation. Sample preparation, separation techniques, instrumentation and quality assurance are all discussed. In addition, individual chapters are devoted to speciation of environmental samples and speciation of biological, clinical, and nutritional samples. Individual chapters are written by leaders in the field, and the book has been organized so that the reader may learn how to collect a sample and prepare it. Ways to separate and detect analytes of interest, and steps to take to ensure the validity of the measurements are also discussed. This book is unique in its comprehensive treatment of this subject.
Book Synopsis Measurement of Elemental Speciation by Liquid Chromatography by : Sam Chiu-Kin Shum
Download or read book Measurement of Elemental Speciation by Liquid Chromatography written by Sam Chiu-Kin Shum and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of Elemental Speciation by Liquid Chromatography -- Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS) with the Direct Injection Nebulizer (DIN). by :
Download or read book Measurement of Elemental Speciation by Liquid Chromatography -- Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS) with the Direct Injection Nebulizer (DIN). written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is divided into 4 parts: elemental speciation, speciation of mercury and lead compounds by microbore column LC-ICP-MS with direct injection nebulization, spatially resolved measurements of size and velocity distributions of aerosol droplets from a direct injection nebulizer, and elemental speciation by anion exchange and size exclusion chromatography with detection by ICP-MS with direct injection nebulization. Tabs, figs, refs.
Book Synopsis Assessing the Environmental and Biological Implications of Various Elements Through Elemntal Speciation Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry by :
Download or read book Assessing the Environmental and Biological Implications of Various Elements Through Elemntal Speciation Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elements rarely exist as free elements or ions instead they occur as a part of a compound or a species. Toxicological and beneficial effects in the medical and biological field can2t be attributed solely to an element, but to elemental compounds with different biological, physical and chemical properties. Therefore, it is pertinent not to rely on information, which is based solely on total elemental concentration and can be misleading. While there are many separation mechanisms used with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for speciation, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was the mode of separation utilized in this work. The coupling of HPLC and ICP-MS is a straightforward technique that allows for the speciation of elements in complex matrices, which may not otherwise be possible. The hybrid of the two techniques provide a robust, sensitive, and selective approach. The bottleneck of speciation analysis often lies at the sample preparation step, the goal being the preservation of species integrity. Improper or incomplete sample preparation can yield misleading results, because of the low tolerance of the ICP-MS for dissolved solids. For this study microwave assisted extraction was one of the techniques used to address this problem. The analyte of choice can be successfully extracted from its matrix with the proper optimization of the microwave parameters, and careful solvent selection. The use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to study the biological implications of various elements was studied. It was evaluated as a tool for elemental speciation as well as a prescreening tool for the study of larger biomolecules. This was achieved by coupling high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and using either the reversed 6 phase (RP), ion-exchange (IE), or size-exclusion mode (SEC) of separation. More specifically these techniques were used to investigate: the presence of selenium in plants, the distribution of several elements in dietary supplements, the residual occurrence of arsenic compounds in poultry samples, and the incorporation of selenium in selenium-enriched soybeans.
Book Synopsis Element-specific Chromatographic Detection by Atomic Emission Spectroscopy by : Peter C. Uden
Download or read book Element-specific Chromatographic Detection by Atomic Emission Spectroscopy written by Peter C. Uden and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to specifically cover interfaced chromatographic separations and element-specific detection by AES. Offers fundamental research studies and reviews by the most active groups in the field, including those involved in instrument development. Discusses a wide variety of techniques, including LC/GC, SFC, atomic emission spectroscopy, plasma spectroscopy, microwave induced plasmas, inductively coupled plasmas, direct current plasmas, and inductively coupled plasma/mass spectroscopy.
Book Synopsis Modern Advancements in Elemental Speciation by : Douglas Dennis Richardson
Download or read book Modern Advancements in Elemental Speciation written by Douglas Dennis Richardson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elemental speciation is the investigation of the chemical form of metal and non- metal containing species in environmental and biological systems for the determination of species specific essentiality and toxicity. Speciation analysis is performed by combining modern separation techniques with state-of-the-art element specific mass spectrometry. Separation techniques used in this work include: capillary electrophoresis (CE), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) is the instrument of choice for ultra-trace elemental speciation analyses due to the excellent sensitivity and selectivity specific to this mass spectrometer. Modern innovations in analytical instrumentation specific for elemental speciation have provided researchers with resources for the development of new hyphenated techniques and analytical methods. The specific goal of this dissertation is to describe modern advancements specific to elemental speciation. In the first section a novel interface coupling CE and hydride generation with ICPMS detection for arsenic speciation is described. The novel concentric tube interface design allowed for the separation, hydride generation, and detection of four arsenic species in less than 10 minutes. The majority of this dissertation focuses on method development for the analysis of organophosphorus chemical warfare agent (CWA) degradation products. Recent increases in worldwide terrorist activity as well as the threat of chemical weapon attacks have led to the demand for rapid and reliable analytical techniques for CWA analysis. Methods utilizing both HPLC and GC separation techniques couple with 31P element specific detection with ICPMS for the analysis of organophosphorus chemical warfare agent degradation products are described. These works are the first to utilize 31P detection with ICPMS for the analysis of chemical warfare agent degradation products.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Elemental Speciation by :
Download or read book Handbook of Elemental Speciation written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-01-09 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This international collection of chapters comprehensively covers different aspects of procedures for speciation analysis at all levels starting from sample collection and storage, through sample preparation approaches to render the species chromatographable, principles of separation techniques used in speciation analysis, to the element specific detection. International renowned editors and contributors Includes coverage of electrochemical methods, biosensors for metal ions, radioisotope techniques and direct solid speciation techniques Provides information on quality assurance and risk assessment, and speciation-relevant legislation Each chapter is a stand-alone reference covering a given facet of elemental speciation analysis written by an expert in a given field with the volume as a whole providing an excellent introductory text and reference handbook.
Book Synopsis Applications of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry by : Alan R. Date
Download or read book Applications of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry written by Alan R. Date and published by Blackie Academic and Professional. This book was released on 1989 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry by : Howard E. Taylor
Download or read book Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry written by Howard E. Taylor and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It also includes information on processing and interpreting results to obtain high-quality data.".
Book Synopsis Handbook of Elemental Speciation by : Joseph A. Caruso
Download or read book Handbook of Elemental Speciation written by Joseph A. Caruso and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2003-08-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This international collection of chapters comprehensively covers different aspects of procedures for speciation analysis at all levels starting from sample collection and storage, through sample preparation approaches to render the species chromatographable, principles of separation techniques used in speciation analysis, to the element specific detection. International renowned editors and contributors Includes coverage of electrochemical methods, biosensors for metal ions, radioisotope techniques and direct solid speciation techniques Provides information on quality assurance and risk assessment, and speciation-relevant legislation Each chapter is a stand-alone reference covering a given facet of elemental speciation analysis written by an expert in a given field with the volume as a whole providing an excellent introductory text and reference handbook.
Book Synopsis Determination of Trace Elements by : Zeev B. Alfassi
Download or read book Determination of Trace Elements written by Zeev B. Alfassi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The best way to determine trace elements! This easy-to-use handbook guides the reader through the maze of all modern analytical operations. Each method is described by an expert in the field. The book highlights the advantages and disadvantages of individual techniques and enables pharmacologists, environmentalists, material scientists, and food industry to select a judicious procedure for their trace element analysis.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food by : Miguel de la Guardia
Download or read book Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food written by Miguel de la Guardia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mineral elements are found in foods and drink of all different types, from drinking water through to mothers’ milk. The search for mineral elements has shown that many trace and ultratrace-level elements presented in food are required for a healthy life. By identifying and analysing these elements, it is possible to evaluate them for their specific health-giving properties, and conversely, to isolate their less desirable properties with a view to reducing or removing them altogether from some foods. The analysis of mineral elements requires a number of different techniques – some methods may be suitable for one food type yet completely unsuited to another. The Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food is the first book to bring together the analytical techniques, the regulatory and legislative framework, and the widest possible range of food types into one comprehensive handbook for food scientists and technologists. Much of the book is based on the authors’ own data, most of which is previously unpublished, making the Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food a vital and up-to-the-minute reference for food scientists in industry and academia alike. Analytical chemists, nutritionists and food policy makers will also find it an invaluable resource. Showcasing contributions from international researchers, and constituting a major resource for our future understanding of the topic, the Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food is an essential reference and should be found wherever food science and technology are researched and taught.
