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Electric Field Induced Reversible 180 Magnetization Switching Through Tuning Of Interfacial Exchange Bias Along Magnetic Easy Axis In Multiferroic Laminates
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Book Synopsis Electric Field Induced Reversible 180° Magnetization Switching Through Tuning of Interfacial Exchange Bias Along Magnetic Easy-axis in Multiferroic Laminates by :
Download or read book Electric Field Induced Reversible 180° Magnetization Switching Through Tuning of Interfacial Exchange Bias Along Magnetic Easy-axis in Multiferroic Laminates written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: E-field control of interfacial exchange coupling and deterministic switching of magnetization have been demonstrated in two sets of ferromagnetic(FM)/antiferromagnetic(AFM)/ferroelectric(FE) multiferroic heterostructures, including NiFe/NiCoO/glass/PZN-PT (011) and NiFe/FeMn/glass/PZN-PT (011). We designed this experiment to achieve exchange bias tuning along the magnetic easy axis, which is critical for realizing reversible 180° magnetization deterministic switching at zero or small magnetic bias. Strong exchange coupling were established across AFM-FM interfaces, which plays an important role in voltage control of magnetization switching. Through the competition between the E-field induced uniaxial anisotropy in ferromagnetic layer and unidirectional anisotropy in antiferromagnetic layer, the exchange bias was significantly shifted by up to.
Book Synopsis Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Multiferroic Based Magnetoelectric Field Effect Devices by : Stephen Mingda Wu
Download or read book Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Multiferroic Based Magnetoelectric Field Effect Devices written by Stephen Mingda Wu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electric field control of ferromagnetism has been a long sought after effect, due to the large number of potential applications in electronic/magnetic devices. Large currents (and hence large powers) are required to generate the large magnetic fields needed to control the magnetization of a ferromagnetic material in a thin film electronic device, which is incompatible with planar integrated circuit technology. Alternatively, creating large electric fields at these scales requires minimal current (and hence minimal power) and is already well established. By exploiting a magnetoelectric material, magnetization can be manipulated in a scalable planar low-power device through the application of electric field. Using this type of device architecture could lead to huge advances in magnetic memory and storage, as well as provide a crucial first step to creating low-power spintronic devices as a replacement for traditional electronics that are reaching the limit of scaling. One possible way to achieve the electric control of ferromagnetism is by controlling exchange bias, the shift of a magnetic hysteresis curve along the applied field axis due to interface interactions between coupled antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) materials. If it is possible to shift exchange bias through the coercive field of the FM, magnetization can be reversed. Reaching this goal requires a careful understanding of antiferromagnetism, ferromagnetism and the interactions between the two when coupled (exchange bias). The main focus of this thesis will be the design, fabrication, characterization, and understanding of an electric field effect device where we are able to reversibly modulate between two exchange bias states with opposite polarity in a thin film ferromagnet by coupling it to a multiferroic (ferroelectric/antiferromagnetic) material. The multiferroic material BiFeO3 (BFO), an AFM and ferroelectric (FE) with coupled AFM/FE order parameters, is a prime candidate material for affecting change in exchange bias systems. When coupled to a thin film ferromagnet such as the colossal magnetoresistive manganite La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO), one can envision a system where FE order is switched in BFO, which induces a change in AFM order in BFO, which induces a change in exchange bias in LSMO. Here, an electric field effect device is created using BFO as the dielectric and LSMO as the conducting channel to realize just such a system. Heteroepitaxially deposited BFO (3 nm)/LSMO (200 nm) heterostructures are grown on SrTiO3 (100) substrates and subsequently patterned into field effect devices using a fabrication process involving photolithography and argon ion milling. These devices are then characterized through magnetotransport measurements to characterize the magnetic properties of the LSMO channel with respect to BFO FE polarization. Through these measurements this thesis shows, for the first time, exchange bias is directly controlled with electric field without temperature cycling or any electric or magnetic field cooling/biasing. This effect is reversible and comes concurrently with the modulation of channel resistance (sometimes over 300%), the modulation of magnetic coercivity, and magnetic Curie temperature. Based on these results and the current understanding of exchange bias we propose a model to understand the electric control of exchange bias. In this model the coupled antiferromagnetic/ferroelectric order in BFO along with the modulation of interfacial exchange interactions due to ionic displacement of Fe3+ in BFO relative to Mn3+/4+ in LSMO cause exchange bias modulation.
Book Synopsis Investigations of Magnetic/electric Field Control of Magnetization of Ferromagnetic and Multiferroics by :
Download or read book Investigations of Magnetic/electric Field Control of Magnetization of Ferromagnetic and Multiferroics written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The shortcomings of contemporary complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies include increased power consumption, scalability, volatility, and device variability. New materials and novel devices are being investigated in this regard. Spintronic devices, which are normally based on magnetic materials, store and process data based on the modes of electron spins, rather than the presence or absence of charges as in the CMOS, are one possible approach. Numerous potential advantages of spintronic devices include its quick operational speed, low power requirement, and non-volatility. Two ferromagnetic materials suitable for creating spintronic devices are investigated in this dissertation study. Material properties, techniques for regulating the magnetization of materials, with both magnetic and electrical fields, and the development of devices useful for use in frequency modulations are all respectively detailed. The first section of this dissertation studies the magnetically-induced transparence (MIT) effect in Y3Fe5O12 (YIG)/Permalloy (Py) coupled bilayers. The measurement is achieved via a heterodyne detection of the coupled magnetization dynamics using a single wavelength that probes the magneto-optical Kerr and Faraday effects of Py and YIG, respectively. Clear features of the MIT effect are evident from the deeply modulated ferromagnetic resonance of Py due to the perpendicular-standing-spin-wave of YIG. We develop a phenomenological model that nicely represents the experimental results including the induced amplitude and phase evolution caused by the magnon-magnon coupling. This work offers a new route towards studying phase-resolved spin dynamics and hybrid magnonic systems. The second part of this dissertation discusses the research on the hexaferrite material, Zn2Y, and the prospect of controlling its magnetic characteristics by applying a dc voltage, which is akin to a bias electric field. The detection and investigation of the magnetoelectric (ME) effect for in-plane currents orthogonal to the hexagonal axis in single crystal and thin films of Zn2Y grown via liquid phase epitaxy. By applying a dc voltage, tuning of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) was achieved in the hexaferrites. In addition to the frequency shift caused by the electrical tuning, magnetic properties of the material as a function of the input tuning power was also studied.
Book Synopsis Magnetization Reversal Study on Patterned Ferromagnetic and Exchange-biased Systems by : Hyuk-Jae Jang
Download or read book Magnetization Reversal Study on Patterned Ferromagnetic and Exchange-biased Systems written by Hyuk-Jae Jang and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Interfacial Interactions on Optical Switching in Magnetic Heterostructures by : Pierre Vallobra
Download or read book Effects of Interfacial Interactions on Optical Switching in Magnetic Heterostructures written by Pierre Vallobra and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 20 years, nanomagnetism has attracted a growing interest in the scientific community due to its multiple applications for magnetic memories. At the nanometer scale, many of the properties of the magnetic materials arise from their interfaces with other materials (magnetic or non-magnetic). This explains the omnipresence of heterostructures composed of several layers of thicknesses in the range of the nanometer in the field of nanomagnetism. In the heterostructures we study, those interfacial properties are the exchange bias, the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and the interlayer exchange between two ferromagnetic layers. First we study the modification of the exchange bias field in a [Pt/Co]xN/IrMn bilayer when we expose it to laser pulses of a femtosecond circularly polarized light. We demonstrate that the final exchange bias field after laser pulses results from the magnetic configuration of the [Pt/Co]xN multilayer. We then study the conditions required for a helicity-dependent all optical switching of a synthetic ferromagnetic material composed of a CoFeB /Pt /CoFeB and a Co ferromagnetic layers coupled antiferromagnetically and conclude that the key factors that drive the switching of the total magnetization are the Curie temperatures of both layers. We focused also on the field-driven propagation of Néel domain walls of the same chirality stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in [Pt/Co/Ni]xN multilayers. We finally demonstrated the possibility to generate skyrmionic bubbles with the femtosecond laser.
Book Synopsis Magnetic Stability in Exchange-spring and Exchange Bias Systems After Multiple Switching Cycles by :
Download or read book Magnetic Stability in Exchange-spring and Exchange Bias Systems After Multiple Switching Cycles written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have studied the magnetic stability in exchange bias and exchange spring systems prepared via epitaxial sputter deposition. The two interfacial exchange coupled systems, Fe/Cr(211) double superlattices consisting of a ferromagnetic and an antiferromagnetic Fe/Cr superlattice that are exchange coupled through a Cr spacer, and Sin-Co/Fe exchange-spring bilayer structures with ferromagnetically coupled hard Sin-Co layer and soft Fe layer, were epitaxially grown on suitably prepared Cr buffer layers to give rise to different microstructure and magnetic anisotropy. The magnetic stability was investigated using the magneto-optic Kerr effect during repeated reversal of the soft layer magnetization by field cycling up to 107 times. For uniaxial Fe/Cr exchange biased double superlattices and exchange spring bilayers with uniaxial Sin-Co, small but rapid initial decay in the exchange bias field HE and in the remanent magnetization is observed. However, the exchange spring bilayers with biaxial and random in-plane anisotropy in the Sin-Co layer shows gradual decay in H{sub E} and without large reduction of the magnetization. The different decay behaviors are attributed to the different microstructure and spin configuration of the pinning layers.
Book Synopsis Composite Magnetoelectrics by : Nian Sun
Download or read book Composite Magnetoelectrics written by Nian Sun and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-05-11 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composite Magnetoelectrics: Materials, Structures, and Applications gives the reader a summary of the theory behind magnetoelectric phenomena, later introducing magnetoelectric materials and structures and the techniques used to fabricate and characterize them. Part two of the book looks at magnetoelectric devices. Applications include magnetic and current sensors, transducers for energy harvesting, microwave and millimeter wave devices, miniature antennas and medical imaging. The final chapter discusses progress towards magnetoelectric memory. Summarises clearly the theory behind magnetoelectric phenomena Strong coverage of fabrication and characterisation techniques Reviews a broad range of current and potential magnetoelectric devices
Book Synopsis Magnetoelectric Composites by : Mirza I. Bichurin
Download or read book Magnetoelectric Composites written by Mirza I. Bichurin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-02-22 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to modeling and application of magnetoelectric (ME) effects in layered and bulk composites based on magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials. Currently, numerous theoretical and experimental studies on ME composites are available but few on the development and research of instruments based on them. So far, only investigation of ME magnetic field sensors has been cited in the existing literature. However, these studies have finally resulted in the creation of low-frequency ME magnetic field sensors with parameters substantially exceeding the characteristics of Hall sensors. The book presents the authors’ many years of experience gained in ME composites and through creation of device models based on their studies. It describes low-frequency ME devices, such as current and position sensors and energy harvesters, and microwave ME devices, such as antennas, attenuators, filters, gyrators, and phase shifters.
Download or read book Iontronics written by Janelle Leger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from a community of experts, the book focuses on the use of ionic functions to define the principle of operation in polymer devices. It begins by reviewing the scientific understanding and important scientific discoveries made on the electrochemistry of conjugated polymers. It examines the known effects of ion incorporation, including the theory and modulation of electrochemistry in polymer films, and it explores the coupling of electronic and ionic transport in polymer films.
Book Synopsis 2D Monoelemental Materials (Xenes) and Related Technologies by : Zongyu Huang
Download or read book 2D Monoelemental Materials (Xenes) and Related Technologies written by Zongyu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monoelemental 2D materials called Xenes have a graphene-like structure, intra-layer covalent bond, and weak van der Waals forces between layers. Materials composed of different groups of elements have different structures and rich properties, making Xenes materials a potential candidate for the next generation of 2D materials. 2D Monoelemental Materials (Xenes) and Related Technologies: Beyond Graphene describes the structure, properties, and applications of Xenes by classification and section. The first section covers the structure and classification of single-element 2D materials, according to the different main groups of monoelemental materials of different components and includes the properties and applications with detailed description. The second section discusses the structure, properties, and applications of advanced 2D Xenes materials, which are composed of heterogeneous structures, produced by defects, and regulated by the field. Features include: Systematically detailed single element materials according to the main groups of the constituent elements Classification of the most effective and widely studied 2D Xenes materials Expounding upon changes in properties and improvements in applications by different regulation mechanisms Discussion of the significance of 2D single-element materials where structural characteristics are closely combined with different preparation methods and the relevant theoretical properties complement each other with practical applications Aimed at researchers and advanced students in materials science and engineering, this book offers a broad view of current knowledge in the emerging and promising field of 2D monoelemental materials.
Book Synopsis High Sensitivity Magnetometers by : Asaf Grosz
Download or read book High Sensitivity Magnetometers written by Asaf Grosz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-20 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers, for the first time, an overview of nearly all of the magnetic sensors that exist today. The book is offering the readers a thorough and comprehensive knowledge from basics to state-of-the-art and is therefore suitable for both beginners and experts. From the more common and popular AMR magnetometers and up to the recently developed NV center magnetometers, each chapter is describing a specific type of sensor and providing all the information that is necessary to understand the magnetometer behavior including theoretical background, noise model, materials, electronics, design and fabrication techniques, etc.
Book Synopsis Emerging Non-Volatile Memories by : Seungbum Hong
Download or read book Emerging Non-Volatile Memories written by Seungbum Hong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-18 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to the fundamentals of emerging non-volatile memories and provides an overview of future trends in the field. Readers will find coverage of seven important memory technologies, including Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM), Ferromagnetic RAM (FMRAM), Multiferroic RAM (MFRAM), Phase-Change Memories (PCM), Oxide-based Resistive RAM (RRAM), Probe Storage, and Polymer Memories. Chapters are structured to reflect diffusions and clashes between different topics. Emerging Non-Volatile Memories is an ideal book for graduate students, faculty, and professionals working in the area of non-volatile memory. This book also: Covers key memory technologies, including Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM), Ferromagnetic RAM (FMRAM), and Multiferroic RAM (MFRAM), among others. Provides an overview of non-volatile memory fundamentals. Broadens readers’ understanding of future trends in non-volatile memories.
Book Synopsis Pulsed Laser Deposition of Thin Films by : Douglas B. Chrisey
Download or read book Pulsed Laser Deposition of Thin Films written by Douglas B. Chrisey and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1994-06-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of what is required to set up and begin research in this newly developing technology and understand the basics of the process. Internationally recognized experts in their fields cover such fundamentals as history, theory, film characteristics, surface modification, laser technology, materials and applications including excellent reviews regarding the entire areas of semiconductor buffer layers, thin-film ferroelectrics and ferrites along with the work involving films deposited by PLD.
Book Synopsis Magnetism and Magnetic Materials by : J. M. D. Coey
Download or read book Magnetism and Magnetic Materials written by J. M. D. Coey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-25 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential textbook for graduate courses on magnetism and an important source of practical reference data.
Book Synopsis Advanced Magnetic Materials by : Leszek Malkinski
Download or read book Advanced Magnetic Materials written by Leszek Malkinski and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-05-24 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on recent progress in emerging technologies, modern characterization methods, theory and applications of advanced magnetic materials. It covers broad spectrum of topics: technology and characterization of rapidly quenched nanowires for information technology; fabrication and properties of hexagonal ferrite films for microwave communication; surface reconstruction of magnetite for spintronics; synthesis of multiferroic composites for novel biomedical applications, optimization of electroplated inductors for microelectronic devices; theory of magnetism of Fe-Al alloys; and two advanced analytical approaches for modeling of magnetic materials using Everett integral and the inverse problem approach. This book is addressed to a diverse group of readers with general background in physics or materials science, but it can also benefit specialists in the field of magnetic materials.
Book Synopsis Nanomagnetic and Spintronic Devices for Energy-Efficient Memory and Computing by : Jayasimha Atulasimha
Download or read book Nanomagnetic and Spintronic Devices for Energy-Efficient Memory and Computing written by Jayasimha Atulasimha and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomagnetic and spintronic computing devices are strong contenders for future replacements of CMOS. This is an important and rapidly evolving area with the semiconductor industry investing significantly in the study of nanomagnetic phenomena and in developing strategies to pinpoint and regulate nanomagnetic reliably with a high degree of energy efficiency. This timely book explores the recent and on-going research into nanomagnetic-based technology. Key features: Detailed background material and comprehensive descriptions of the current state-of-the-art research on each topic. Focuses on direct applications to devices that have potential to replace CMOS devices for computing applications such as memory, logic and higher order information processing. Discusses spin-based devices where the spin degree of freedom of charge carriers are exploited for device operation and ultimately information processing. Describes magnet switching methodologies to minimize energy dissipation. Comprehensive bibliographies included for each chapter enabling readers to conduct further research in this field. Written by internationally recognized experts, this book provides an overview of a rapidly burgeoning field for electronic device engineers, field-based applied physicists, material scientists and nanotechnologists. Furthermore, its clear and concise form equips readers with the basic understanding required to comprehend the present stage of development and to be able to contribute to future development. Nanomagnetic and Spintronic Devices for Energy-Efficient Memory and Computing is also an indispensable resource for students and researchers interested in computer hardware, device physics and circuits design.
Book Synopsis Hall-Effect Sensors by : Edward Ramsden
Download or read book Hall-Effect Sensors written by Edward Ramsden and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Without sensors most electronic applications would not exist—sensors perform a vital function, namely providing an interface to the real world. Hall effect sensors, based on a magnetic phenomena, are one of the most commonly used sensing technologies today. In the 1970s it became possible to build Hall effect sensors on integrated circuits with onboard signal processing circuitry, vastly reducing the cost and enabling widespread practical use. One of the first major applications was in computer keyboards, replacing mechanical contacts. Hundreds of millions of these devices are now manufactured each year for use in a great variety of applications, including automobiles, computers, industrial control systems, cell phones, and many others. The importance of these sensors, however, contrasts with the limited information available. Many recent advances in miniaturization, smart sensor configurations, and networkable sensor technology have led to design changes and a need for reliable information. Most of the technical information on Hall effect sensors is supplied by sensor manufacturers and is slanted toward a particular product line. System design and control engineers need an independent, readable source of practical design information and technical details that is not product- or manufacturer-specific and that shows how Hall effect sensors work, how to interface to them, and how to apply them in a variety of uses. This book covers:• the physics behind Hall effect sensors• Hall effect transducers• transducer interfacing• integrated Hall effect sensors and how to interface to them• sensing techniques using Hall effect sensors• application-specific sensor ICs• relevant development and design toolsThis second edition is expanded and updated to reflect the latest advances in Hall effect devices and applications! Information about various sensor technologies is scarce, scattered and hard to locate. Most of it is either too theoretical for working engineers, or is manufacturer literature that can’t be entirely trusted. Engineers and engineering managers need a comprehensive, up-to-date, and accurate reference to use when scoping out their designs incorporating Hall effect sensors. * A comprehensive, up-to-date reference to use when crafting all kinds of designs with Hall effect sensors*Replaces other information about sensors that is too theoretical, too biased toward one particular manufacturer, or too difficult to locate*Highly respected and influential author in the burgeoning sensors community
