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Efficiency And Complexity In Grammars
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Book Synopsis Efficiency and Complexity in Grammars by : John A. Hawkins
Download or read book Efficiency and Complexity in Grammars written by John A. Hawkins and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004-11-04 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Hawkins demonstrates a clear link between how languages are used and the conventions of their grammars. He sets out a theory in which performance shapes grammars and accounts for the variation patterns found in the world's languages.
Book Synopsis Efficiency and Complexity in Grammars by : John A. Hawkins
Download or read book Efficiency and Complexity in Grammars written by John A. Hawkins and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2004-11-05 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses a question fundamental to any discussion of grammatical theory and grammatical variation: to what extent can principles of grammar be explained through language use? John A. Hawkins argues that there is a profound correspondence between performance data and the fixed conventions of grammars. Preferences and patterns found in the one, he shows, are reflected in constraints and variation patterns in the other. The theoretical consequences of the proposed 'performance-grammar correspondence hypothesis' are far-reaching — for current grammatical formalisms, for the innateness hypothesis, and for psycholinguistic models of performance and learning. Drawing on empirical generalizations and insights from language typology, generative grammar, psycholinguistics, and historical linguistics, Professor Hawkins demonstrates that the assumption that grammars are immune to performance is false. He presents detailed empirical case studies and arguments for an alternative theory in which performance has shaped the conventions of grammars and thus the variation patterns found in the world's languages. The innateness of language, he argues, resides primarily in the mechanisms human beings have for processing and learning it. This important book will interest researchers in linguistics (including typology and universals, syntax, grammatical theory, historical linguistics, functional linguistics, and corpus linguistics), psycholinguistics (including parsing, production, and acquisition), computational linguistics (including language-evolution modelling and electronic corpus development); and cognitive science (including the modeling of the performance-competence relationship, pragmatics, and relevance theory).
Book Synopsis Cross-Linguistic Variation and Efficiency by : John A. Hawkins
Download or read book Cross-Linguistic Variation and Efficiency written by John A. Hawkins and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-02-28 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book John A. Hawkins argues that major patterns of variation across languages are structured by general principles of efficiency in language use and communication. Evidence for these comes from languages permitting structural options from which selections are made in performance, e.g. between competing word orders and between relative clauses with a resumptive pronoun versus a gap. The preferences and patterns of performance within languages are reflected, he shows, in the fixed conventions and variation patterns across grammars, leading to a 'Performance-Grammar Correspondence Hypothesis'. Hawkins extends and updates the general theory that he laid out in Efficiency and Complexity in Grammars (OUP 2004): new areas of grammar and performance are discussed, new research findings are incorporated that test his earlier predictions, and new advances in the contributing fields of language processing, linguistic theory, historical linguistics, and typology are addressed. This efficiency approach to variation has far-reaching theoretical consequences relevant to many current issues in the language sciences. These include the notion of ease of processing and how to measure it, the role of processing in language change, the nature of language universals and their explanation, the theory of complexity, the relative strength of competing and cooperating principles, and the proper definition of fundamental grammatical notions such as 'dependency'. The book also offers a new typology of VO and OV languages and their correlating properties seen from this perspective, and a new typology of the noun phrase and of argument structure.
Book Synopsis Grammar & Complexity by : Peter W. Culicover
Download or read book Grammar & Complexity written by Peter W. Culicover and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-03-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines ideas about the architecture of grammar and language acquisition, processing, and change to explain why languages show regular patterns when there is so much irregularity in their use and complexity when there is such regularity in linguistic phenomena. It offers new insights into the way language is produced and understood.
Book Synopsis Language Complexity as an Evolving Variable by : Geoffrey Sampson
Download or read book Language Complexity as an Evolving Variable written by Geoffrey Sampson and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-02-26 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a challenge to the widely-held assumption that human languages are both similar and constant in their degree of complexity. For a hundred years or more the universal equality of languages has been a tenet of faith among most anthropologists and linguists. It has been frequently advanced as a corrective to the idea that some languages are at a later stage of evolution than others. It also appears to be an inevitable outcome of one of the central axioms of generative linguistic theory: that the mental architecture of language is fixed and is thus identical in all languages and that whereas genes evolve languages do not. Language Complexity as an Evolving Variable reopens the debate. Geoffrey Sampson's introductory chapter re-examines and clarifies the notion and theoretical importance of complexity in language, linguistics, cognitive science, and evolution. Eighteen distinguished scholars from all over the world then look at evidence gleaned from their own research in order to reconsider whether languages do or do not exhibit the same degrees and kinds of complexity. They examine data from a wide range of times and places. They consider the links between linguistic structure and social complexity and relate their findings to the causes and processes of language change. Their arguments are frequently controversial and provocative; their conclusions add up to an important challenge to conventional ideas about the nature of language. The authors write readably and accessibly with no recourse to unnecessary jargon. This fascinating book will appeal to all those interested in the interrelations between human nature, culture, and language.
Book Synopsis Argument Structure and Grammatical Relations by : Pirkko Suihkonen
Download or read book Argument Structure and Grammatical Relations written by Pirkko Suihkonen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of articles dealing with various aspects of grammatical relations and argument structure in the languages of Europe and North and Central Asia (LENCA). Topics covered with respect to individual languages are: split-intransitivity (Basque), causativization (Agul), transitives and causatives (Korean and Japanese), aspectual domain and quantification (Finnish and Udmurt), head-marking principles (Athabaskan languages), and pragmatics (Eastern Khanty and Xibe). Typology of argument-structure properties of 'give' (LENCA), typology of agreement systems, asymmetry in argument structure, typology of the Amdo Sprachbund, spatial realtors (Northeastern Turkic), core argument patterns (languages of Northern California), and typology of grammatical relations (LENCA) are the topics of articles based on cross-linguistic data. The broad empirical sweep and the fine-tuned theoretical analysis highlight the central role of argument structure and grammatical relations with respect to a plethora of linguistic phenomena.
Book Synopsis Recent Contributions to Quantitative Linguistics by : Arjuna Tuzzi
Download or read book Recent Contributions to Quantitative Linguistics written by Arjuna Tuzzi and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-10-16 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative Linguistics is a rapidly developing discipline covering more and more areas of linguistic and textological research. The book represents an overview of the state of the art in Quantitative Linguistics, its scope and reach. Some of the topics: linguistic laws, frequency analyses, synergetic models of language, networks, part-of-speech systems, authorship attribution, polyfunctionality and polysemy, and opinion target identification.
Download or read book Word Order written by Jae Jung Song and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Word order is one of the major properties on which languages are compared and its study is fundamental to linguistics. This comprehensive survey provides an up-to-date, critical overview of this widely debated topic, exploring and evaluating word order research carried out in four major theoretical frameworks – linguistic typology, generative grammar, optimality theory and processing-based theories. It is the first book to bring these theoretical approaches together in one place and is therefore a one-stop resource covering the current developments in word order research. It explains word order patterns in different languages and at different structural levels and critically evaluates (and where possible, compares) the theoretical assumptions and word order principles used in the different approaches. Also highlighted are issues and problems that require further investigation or remain unresolved. This book will be invaluable to those investigating word order, and researchers and students in syntax, linguistic theory and typology.
Book Synopsis Measuring Grammatical Complexity by : Frederick J. Newmeyer
Download or read book Measuring Grammatical Complexity written by Frederick J. Newmeyer and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-10-30 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the question of whether languages can differ in grammatical complexity and, if so, how relative complexity differences might be measured. The volume differs from others devoted to the question of complexity in language in that the authors all approach the problem from the point of view of formal grammatical theory, psycholinguistics, or neurolinguistics. Chapters investigate a number of key issues in grammatical complexity, taking phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic considerations into account. These include what is often called the 'trade-off problem', namely whether complexity in one grammatical component is necessarily balanced by simplicity in another; and the question of interpretive complexity, that is, whether and how one might measure the difficulty for the hearer in assigning meaning to an utterance and how such complexity might be factored in to an overall complexity assessment. Measuring Grammatical Complexity brings together a number of distinguished scholars in the field, and will be of interest to linguists of all theoretical stripes from advanced undergraduate level upwards, particularly those working in the areas of morphosyntax, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, and cognitive linguistics.
Book Synopsis Language Complexity as an Evolving Variable by : Geoffrey Sampson
Download or read book Language Complexity as an Evolving Variable written by Geoffrey Sampson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-26 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating book challenges the idea that languages are equally complex. Eighteen scholars look at evidence from a wide range of times and places. They consider the links between linguistic structure and change and social complexity. Their conclusions challenge conventional ideas about the nature of language and contemporary theory.
Book Synopsis Grammatical Complexity in Academic English by : Douglas Biber
Download or read book Grammatical Complexity in Academic English written by Douglas Biber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-26 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using corpus-based analyses, the book challenges widely held beliefs about grammatical complexity, academic writing, and linguistic change in written English.
Book Synopsis Cross-Linguistic Variation and Efficiency by : John A. Hawkins
Download or read book Cross-Linguistic Variation and Efficiency written by John A. Hawkins and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that major patterns of variation across languages are structured by general principles of efficiency in language use and communication, an approach that has far-reaching theoretical consequences for issues such as ease of processing, language universals, complexity, and competing and cooperating principles.
Book Synopsis Criterial Features in L2 English by : John A. Hawkins
Download or read book Criterial Features in L2 English written by John A. Hawkins and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-03 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume introduces the theoretical and empirical bases for defining English language learning levels in terms of criterial features.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Universal Grammar by : Ian G. Roberts
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Universal Grammar written by Ian G. Roberts and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a critical guide to the most central proposition in modern linguistics: the notion, generally known as Universal Grammar, that a universal set of structural principles underlies the grammatical diversity of the world's languages. Part I considers the implications of Universal Grammar for philosophy of mind and the philosophy of language, and examines the history of the theory. Part II focuses on linguistic theory, looking at topics such as explanatory adequacy and how phonology and semantics fit into Universal Grammar. Parts III and IV look respectively at the insights derived from UG-inspired research on language acquisition, and at comparative syntax and language typology, while part V considers the evidence for Universal Grammar in phenomena such as creoles, language pathology, and sign language. The book will be a vital reference for linguists, philosophers, and cognitive scientists.
Book Synopsis ON THE COMPLEXITY OF GRAMMARS. by : Arthur C. Fleck
Download or read book ON THE COMPLEXITY OF GRAMMARS. written by Arthur C. Fleck and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grammars are categorized according to the type of the set of all derivations of elements of the language of the grammar. In particular, it is shown that a grammar has a regular set of derivations (is simple if and only if the grammar is nonterminal bounded). Also it is shown that a language is simple if and only if it is meta-linear. Finally, it is shown that for a context-free grammar the set of derivations is always context-sensitive but may not be context-free. (Author).
Book Synopsis Rational Approaches in Language Science by : Matthew W. Crocker
Download or read book Rational Approaches in Language Science written by Matthew W. Crocker and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-25 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Grammars with Context Conditions and Their Applications by : Alexander Meduna
Download or read book Grammars with Context Conditions and Their Applications written by Alexander Meduna and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-08-08 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essential guide to grammars with context conditions This advanced computer science book systematically and compactlysummarizes the current knowledge about grammars with contextconditions-an important area of formal language theory. Accordingto the types of context conditions, this self-contained referenceclassifies them into grammars with context conditions placed on thedomains of grammatical derivations, the use of grammaticalproductions, and the neighborhood of the rewritten symbols. Thefocus is on grammatical generative power, important properties,simplification, reduction, implementation, and applications, mostof which are related to microbiology. The text features: * Up-to-date coverage of grammatical concepts based on contextconditions * Self-contained explanations without assumption of any previousknowledge * Clear definitions and exact proofs preceded by intuitiveexplanations * Numerous easy-to-implement grammatical transformations * Realistic applications * Relation to mathematics, linguistics, and biology * Additional material and information about the book available onaccompanying Web site (see preface for details) Practitioners and advanced students in theoretical computer scienceand related areas- including mathematics, linguistics, andmolecular biology-will find Grammars with Context Conditions andTheir Applications an essential reference for this cutting-edgearea of formal language theory.
