Efficiency and Accountability in War Powers Reform

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Efficiency and Accountability in War Powers Reform by : David Jenkins

Download or read book Efficiency and Accountability in War Powers Reform written by David Jenkins and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article examines the UK government's Draft Detailed War Powers Resolution, recently put forward in its White Paper on the Constitutional Renewal Bill. Responding to calls for reform of the Crown's war prerogative, the Government has rejected primary legislation that would require parliamentary approval for its war-making decisions. Instead, the proposed resolution would preserve the prerogative, while purporting to give Parliament a greater consultative role. In critically assessing that proposal, this commentary takes a comparative look at how the US Constitution divides war powers between the President and Congress. Different interpretative schools in that country suggest that the structural distribution of war powers ultimately reflects competing preferences between values of operational efficiency and democratic accountability. Judged by these values, the British government's proposed resolution is seriously flawed. It heavily favours the executive branch by giving the Prime Minister the initial decision to seek authorization, allowing him or her excessive discretion in making exceptions, and offering little possibility for Parliament to make and enforce limitations on the government. Accordingly, the proposed resolution might actually undermine democratic accountability, by allowing the government to shield its prerogative decisions in future with a shallow and meaningless veneer of parliamentary approval. Any serious attempt to enhance the democratic accountability of executive war-making decisions must therefore address a more fundamental constitutional problem - the strict party system that allows ministers to control a parliamentary majority and prevent meaningful, independent legislative scrutiny of government war policy.

The Politics of Military Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Military Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia by : Marcus Mietzner

Download or read book The Politics of Military Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia written by Marcus Mietzner and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study discusses the process of military reform in Indonesia after the fall of Suharto?s New Order regime in 1998. The extent of Indonesia?s progress in this area has been the subject of heated debate, both in Indonesia and in Western capitals. Human rights organizations and critical academics, on the one hand, have argued that the reforms implemented so far have been largely superficial, and that Indonesia?s armed forces remain a highly problematic institution. Foreign proponents of military assistance to Indonesia, on the other hand, have asserted that the military has undergone radical change, as evidenced by its complete extraction from political institutions. This study evaluates the state of military reform eight years after the end of authoritarian rule, pointing to both significant achievements and serious shortcomings. Although the armed forces in the new democratic polity no longer function as the backbone of a powerful centralist regime and have lost many of their previous privileges, the military has been able to protect its core institutional interests by successfully fending off demands to reform the territorial command structure. As the military?s primary source of political influence and off-budget revenue, the persistence of the territorial system has ensured that the Indonesian armed forces have not been fully subordinated to democratic civilian control. This ambiguous transition outcome so far poses difficult challenges to domestic and foreign policymakers, who have to find ways of effectively engaging with the military to drive the reform process forward.This is the twenty-third publication in Policy Studies, a peer-reviewed East-West Center Washington series that presents scholarly analysis of key contemporary domestic and international political, economic, and strategic issues affecting Asia in a policy relevant manner.

Parliament's role in conflict decisions

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Publisher : The Stationery Office
ISBN 13 : 9780215559586
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (595 download)

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Book Synopsis Parliament's role in conflict decisions by : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Political and Constitutional Reform Committee

Download or read book Parliament's role in conflict decisions written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Political and Constitutional Reform Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2011-05-17 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In its report, the Committee recommends that "the Government should as a first step bring forward a draft detailed parliamentary resolution, for consultation with us among others, and for debate and decision by the end of 2011". The Committee points out that "much work in this direction has already been completed, and the process for decision should be relatively swift". The Committee welcomes the Foreign Secretary's commitment to enshrine Parliament's role in law, but says this is likely to be a longer-term project. Concerns around the feasibility of a statutory solution would need to be explored and resolved. The Committee also recommends that Parliament's current role in conflict decisions should be clearly described in the Cabinet Manual. The Manual, when published, is intended to be a single source of information for Ministers, civil servants and others on how government works. The issue of Parliament's role in decisions to commit British forces to armed conflict abroad was an area in which considerable work was carried out before the 2010 general election, particularly in the context of the war in Iraq, but without any concrete result. In its recent report on the constitutional implications of the Cabinet Manual, the committee commented on the "surprising" omission from the draft Manual of any mention of Parliament's role in decisions to commit troops to armed conflict. The issue became topical once again in the context of the ongoing military action in Libya.

After the Rubicon

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226453561
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis After the Rubicon by : Douglas L. Kriner

Download or read book After the Rubicon written by Douglas L. Kriner and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the United States goes to war, the nation’s attention focuses on the president. As commander in chief, a president reaches the zenith of power, while Congress is supposedly shunted to the sidelines once troops have been deployed abroad. Because of Congress’s repeated failure to exercise its legislative powers to rein in presidents, many have proclaimed its irrelevance in military matters. After the Rubicon challenges this conventional wisdom by illuminating the diverse ways in which legislators influence the conduct of military affairs. Douglas L. Kriner reveals that even in politically sensitive wartime environments, individual members of Congress frequently propose legislation, hold investigative hearings, and engage in national policy debates in the public sphere. These actions influence the president’s strategic decisions as he weighs the political costs of pursuing his preferred military course. Marshalling a wealth of quantitative and historical evidence, Kriner expertly demonstrates the full extent to which Congress materially shapes the initiation, scope, and duration of major military actions and sheds new light on the timely issue of interbranch relations.

The War Powers Resolution

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Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781545111680
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis The War Powers Resolution by : Congressional Research Service

Download or read book The War Powers Resolution written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-04-03 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses and assesses the War Powers Resolution and its application since enactment in 1973, providing detailed background on various cases in which it was used, as well as cases in which issues of its applicability were raised. It will be revised biannually. In the post-Cold War world, Presidents have continued to commit U.S. Armed Forces into potential hostilities, sometimes without a specific authorization from Congress. Thus the War Powers Resolution and its purposes continue to be a potential subject of controversy. On June 7, 1995, the House defeated, by a vote of 217-201, an amendment to repeal the central features of the War Powers Resolution that have been deemed unconstitutional by every President since the law's enactment in 1973. In 1999, after the President committed U.S. military forces to action in Yugoslavia without congressional authorization, Representative Tom Campbell used expedited procedures under the Resolution to force a debate and votes on U.S. military action in Yugoslavia, and later sought, unsuccessfully, through a federal court suit to enforce presidential compliance with the terms of the War Powers Resolution. The War Powers Resolution P.L. 93-148 was passed over the veto of President Nixon on November 7, 1973, to provide procedures for Congress and the President to participate in decisions to send U.S. Armed Forces into hostilities. Section 4(a)(1) requires the President to report to Congress any introduction of U.S. forces into hostilities or imminent hostilities. When such a report is submitted, or is required to be submitted, Section 5(b) requires that the use of forces must be terminated within 60 to 90 days unless Congress authorizes such use or extends the time period. Section 3 requires that the "President in every possible instance shall consult with Congress before introducing" U.S. Armed Forces into hostilities or imminent hostilities. From 1975 through March 2017, Presidents have submitted 168 reports as the result of the War Powers Resolution, but only one, the 1975 Mayaguez seizure, cited Section 4(a)(1), which triggers the 60-day withdrawal requirement, and in this case the military action was completed and U.S. armed forces had disengaged from the area of conflict when the report was made. The reports submitted by the President since enactment of the War Powers Resolution cover a range of military activities, from embassy evacuations to full-scale combat military operations, such as the Persian Gulf conflict, and the 2003 war with Iraq, the intervention in Kosovo, and the anti-terrorism actions in Afghanistan. In some instances, U.S. Armed Forces have been used in hostile situations without formal reports to Congress under the War Powers Resolution. On one occasion, Congress exercised its authority to determine that the requirements of Section 4(a)(1) became operative on August 29, 1983, through passage of the Multinational Force in Lebanon Resolution (P.L. 98-119). In 1991 and 2002, Congress authorized, by law, the use of military force against Iraq. In several instances none of the President, Congress, or the courts has been willing to initiate the procedures of or enforce the directives in the War Powers Resolution.

Guiding Principles for Stabilization and Reconstruction

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Publisher : US Institute of Peace Press
ISBN 13 : 1601270461
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Guiding Principles for Stabilization and Reconstruction by : United States Institute of Peace

Download or read book Guiding Principles for Stabilization and Reconstruction written by United States Institute of Peace and published by US Institute of Peace Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Claude Chabrol's second film follows the fortunes of two cousins: Charles, a hard-working student who has arrived in Paris from his small hometown; and Paul, the dedicated hedonist who puts him up. Despite their differences in temperament, the two young men strike up a close friendship, until an attractive woman comes between them.

Central Bank Governance and Oversight Reform

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Publisher : Hoover Press
ISBN 13 : 0817919260
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Central Bank Governance and Oversight Reform by : John Cochrane

Download or read book Central Bank Governance and Oversight Reform written by John Cochrane and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A central bank needs authority and a sphere of independent action. But a central bank cannot become an unelected czar with sweeping, unaccountable discretionary power. How can we balance the central bank's authority and independence with needed accountability and constraints? Drawn from a 2015 Hoover Institution conference, this book features distinguished scholars and policy makers' discussing this and other key questions about the Fed. Going beyond the widely talked about decision of whether to raise interest rates, they focus on a deeper set of questions, including, among others, How should the Fed make decisions? How should the Fed govern its internal decision-making processes? What is the trade-off between greater Fed power and less Fed independence? And how should Congress, from which the Fed ultimately receives its authority, oversee the Fed? The contributors discuss whether central banks can both follow rule-based policy in normal times but then implement a discretionary do-what-it-takes approach to stopping financial crises. They evaluate legislation, recently proposed in the US House and Senate, that would require the Fed to describe its monetary policy rule and, if and when it changed or deviated from its rule, explain the reasons. And they discuss to best ways to structure a committee—like the Federal Open Market Committee, which sets interest rates—to make good decisions, as well as offer historical reflections on the governance of the Fed and much more.

With Us and Against Us

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Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 023154734X
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis With Us and Against Us by : Stephen Tankel

Download or read book With Us and Against Us written by Stephen Tankel and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-22 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of the September 11 attacks, President George W. Bush drew a line in the sand, saying, “Either you are with us or you are with the terrorists.” Since 9/11, many counterterrorism partners have been both “with” and “against” the United States, helping it in some areas and hindering it in others. This has been especially true in the Middle East, Africa, and South Asia, where the terrorist groups that threaten America are most concentrated. Because so many aspects of U.S. counterterrorism strategy are dependent on international cooperation, the United States has little choice but to work with other countries. Making the most of these partnerships is fundamental to the success of the War on Terror. Yet what the United States can reasonably expect from its counterterrorism partners—and how to get more out of them—remain too little understood. In With Us and Against Us, Stephen Tankel analyzes the factors that shape counterterrorism cooperation, examining the ways partner nations aid international efforts, as well as the ways they encumber and impede effective action. He considers the changing nature of counterterrorism, exploring how counterterrorism efforts after 9/11 critically differ both from those that existed beforehand and from traditional alliances. Focusing on U.S. partnerships with Algeria, Egypt, Mali, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Yemen against al-Qaeda, ISIS, and other terrorist organizations, Tankel offers nuanced propositions about what the U.S. can expect from its counterterrorism partners depending on their political and security interests, threat perceptions, and their relationships with the United States and with the terrorists in question. With Us and Against Us offers a theoretically rich and policy-relevant toolkit for assessing and improving counterterrorism cooperation, devising strategies for mitigating risks, and getting the most out of difficult partnerships.

Madison's Nightmare

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226749428
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis Madison's Nightmare by : Peter M. Shane

Download or read book Madison's Nightmare written by Peter M. Shane and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-08-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The George W. Bush administration’s ambitious—even breathtaking—claims of unilateral executive authority raised deep concerns among constitutional scholars, civil libertarians, and ordinary citizens alike. But Bush’s attempts to assert his power are only the culmination of a near-thirty-year assault on the basic checks and balances of the U.S. government—a battle waged by presidents of both parties, and one that, as Peter M. Shane warns in Madison’s Nightmare, threatens to utterly subvert the founders’ vision of representative government. Tracing this tendency back to the first Reagan administration, Shane shows how this era of "aggressive presidentialism" has seen presidents exerting ever more control over nearly every arena of policy, from military affairs and national security to domestic programs. Driven by political ambition and a growing culture of entitlement in the executive branch—and abetted by a complaisant Congress, riven by partisanship—this presidential aggrandizement has too often undermined wise policy making and led to shallow, ideological, and sometimes outright lawless decisions. The solution, Shane argues, will require a multipronged program of reform, including both specific changes in government practice and broader institutional changes aimed at supporting a renewed culture of government accountability. From the war on science to the mismanaged war on terror, Madison’s Nightmare outlines the disastrous consequences of the unchecked executive—and issues a stern wake-up call to all who care about the fate of our long democratic experiment.

While Dangers Gather

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 140084083X
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis While Dangers Gather by : William G. Howell

Download or read book While Dangers Gather written by William G. Howell and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly five hundred times in the past century, American presidents have deployed the nation's military abroad, on missions ranging from embassy evacuations to full-scale wars. The question of whether Congress has effectively limited the president's power to do so has generally met with a resounding "no." In While Dangers Gather, William Howell and Jon Pevehouse reach a very different conclusion. The authors--one an American politics scholar, the other an international relations scholar--provide the most comprehensive and compelling evidence to date on Congress's influence on presidential war powers. Their findings have profound implications for contemporary debates about war, presidential power, and Congress's constitutional obligations. While devoting special attention to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, this book systematically analyzes the last half-century of U.S. military policy. Among its conclusions: Presidents are systematically less likely to exercise military force when their partisan opponents retain control of Congress. The partisan composition of Congress, however, matters most for proposed deployments that are larger in size and directed at less strategically important locales. Moreover, congressional influence is often achieved not through bold legislative action but through public posturing--engaging the media, raising public concerns, and stirring domestic and international doubt about the United States' resolve to see a fight through to the end.

Global Governance and the Emergence of Global Institutions for the 21st Century

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108476961
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Governance and the Emergence of Global Institutions for the 21st Century by : Augusto Lopez-Claros

Download or read book Global Governance and the Emergence of Global Institutions for the 21st Century written by Augusto Lopez-Claros and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-23 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifies the major weaknesses in the current United Nations system and proposes fundamental reforms to address each. This title is also available as Open Access.

The Federalist Papers

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Publisher : Read Books Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1528785878
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (287 download)

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Book Synopsis The Federalist Papers by : Alexander Hamilton

Download or read book The Federalist Papers written by Alexander Hamilton and published by Read Books Ltd. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Classic Books Library presents this brand new edition of “The Federalist Papers”, a collection of separate essays and articles compiled in 1788 by Alexander Hamilton. Following the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776, the governing doctrines and policies of the States lacked cohesion. “The Federalist”, as it was previously known, was constructed by American statesman Alexander Hamilton, and was intended to catalyse the ratification of the United States Constitution. Hamilton recruited fellow statesmen James Madison Jr., and John Jay to write papers for the compendium, and the three are known as some of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Alexander Hamilton (c. 1755–1804) was an American lawyer, journalist and highly influential government official. He also served as a Senior Officer in the Army between 1799-1800 and founded the Federalist Party, the system that governed the nation’s finances. His contributions to the Constitution and leadership made a significant and lasting impact on the early development of the nation of the United States.

Global Trends 2040

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Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Public Accountability

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780923993368
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (933 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Accountability by : Melvin J. Dubnick

Download or read book Public Accountability written by Melvin J. Dubnick and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Southern Illinois University Law Journal

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Southern Illinois University Law Journal by : Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. School of Law

Download or read book Southern Illinois University Law Journal written by Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. School of Law and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Building Trust in Government

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Publisher : UN
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Building Trust in Government by : G. Shabbir Cheema

Download or read book Building Trust in Government written by G. Shabbir Cheema and published by UN. This book was released on 2010 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability of governments and the global community to achieve the Millennium Development Goals, ensure security, and promote adherence to basic standards of human rights depends on people's trust in their government. However, public trust in government and political institutions has been declining in both developing and developed countries in the new millennium. One of the challenges in promoting trust in government is to engage citizens, especially the marginalized groups and the poor, into the policy process to ensure that governance is truly representative, participatory, and benefits all.

Presidential Power

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (252 download)

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Book Synopsis Presidential Power by : Richard E. Neustadt

Download or read book Presidential Power written by Richard E. Neustadt and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: