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Effects Of Outbreeding On Embryonic Development Timing Of Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha
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Book Synopsis Effects of Outbreeding on Embryonic Development Timing of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) by : Ivan Alan Wang
Download or read book Effects of Outbreeding on Embryonic Development Timing of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) written by Ivan Alan Wang and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "I studied the effects of outbreeding on embryonic development timing of pink salmon. I used standardized development stages and germ ring opening measurements to compare the variation of development at epiboly for odd- and even-broodyear F2 hybrids. Analyses of timing of development at epiboly showed no effects of outbreeding depression, but did show a maternal effect for both crosses and backcrosses; and backcross families differed between replicates. These observations suggest that experimental designs lacking consideration of maternal effects or testing for replicate container effects in early salmon development studies may be flawed. I also compared the variation of hatching times for hybrids of two pink salmon populations, Pillar Creek (Kodiak, Alaska) and Auke Creek (Juneau, Alaska), which are separated by about 1,000 km. Analyses of hatching time showed that families with more Pillar Creek genes required more time to hatch at a given temperature. The differences in hatching time between the pink salmon from Auke and Pillar creeks demonstrates that they differed genetically. Both additive and epistatic types of outbreeding depression influenced the differences in hatching time. Prudent resource management requires knowledge of the biogeographical history and the genetic composition of salmon populations with the potential to interbreed"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis First-generation Effects on Development Time of Outcrossing Between Geographically Isolated and Seasonally Isolated Populations of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) by : Jesse D. Echave
Download or read book First-generation Effects on Development Time of Outcrossing Between Geographically Isolated and Seasonally Isolated Populations of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) written by Jesse D. Echave and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Bootstrap analyses of hatch data collected during two independent experiments revealed that hybridization between pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) breeding populations separated at either a large geographic scale or a fine temporal scale can influence development time. Restricted maximum likelihood estimators also revealed that sire, dam, cross, and parental interaction can influence genetic variance associated with development time at either scale. Few studies have investigated the extent of local adaptation that results from fine-scale ecological variation, the genetic underpinnings of that adaptation, or the potential impacts outbreeding at that level may have on fitness. We tested whether or not local adaptation contributed to genetic divergence among subpopulations of pink salmon that overlap temporally within the same spawning habitat (early-run fish and late-run fish within Auke Creek, near Juneau, Alaska) by determining whether or not outbreeding influenced development time (a fitness-related trait) in first-generation hybrids. We examined genetic divergence among populations isolated at a much broader scale (Pillar Creek on Kodiak Island, Alaska, and Auke Creek, 1,000 km great circle distance) as a more extreme reference to local adaptation. Results provide evidence that development time is locally adapted and expressed primarily in a locus-by-locus manner" -- Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Survival and Development of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) Embryos and Fry as Related to Egg Size and Quantitative Genetic Variation by : Patrick William Malecha
Download or read book Survival and Development of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) Embryos and Fry as Related to Egg Size and Quantitative Genetic Variation written by Patrick William Malecha and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The effect of egg weight on survival and development of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) embryos, alevins, and fry was analyzed; in addition, embryo survival was investigated in relation to additive genetic variation. Embryonic survival to eyeing, development time to hatch, yolk weight, somatic tissue weight, yolk use rate, somatic tissue growth rate, and the survival of first-feeding fry was recorded relative to egg weight. The analyses demonstrated significant egg weight effects on development time to hatch, yolk weight, somatic tissue weight, yolk use rate, and somatic tissue growth rate on alevins. Weight and length of post-emergent fry (17 weeks post-ponding) were also significantly affected by initial egg weight. However, egg weight did not affect survival of eyed eggs or fry. Differential family-specific survival of eyed eggs indicated the presence of significant additive genetic variation"--Leaf 3.
Book Synopsis Genetic and Environmental Effects on Developmental Timing, Otolith Formation, and Gill Raker Development in Pink Salmon from Auke Creek, Alaska by : Dion Oxman
Download or read book Genetic and Environmental Effects on Developmental Timing, Otolith Formation, and Gill Raker Development in Pink Salmon from Auke Creek, Alaska written by Dion Oxman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To determine how inheritance, environment, and hybridization influenced developmental timing, otolith formation, and gill raker development in pink salmon (Oncorhynchus oorbuscha), full and half-sibling families from Auke Creek, Alaska and third generation outbred hybrids between Auke Creek females and Pillar Creek males from Kodiak Island, Alaska (1,000 km distant) were incubated in ambient, chilled, and warmed water. Variation in development time of embryos from the odd-year broodline was primarily influenced by additive genetic factors, whereas no genetic effect was detected in the even-year run. No genotype-by environment (GxE) effects were associated with sires or families in either broodline, indicating that the observed variation in development time was likely the result of phenotypic plasticity. Hybridization (outbreeding) significantly prolonged development time in both broodlines, indicating that the phenotypic effects of outbreeding can last at least three generations. Early otolith development was genetically conserved and canalized, but the phenotypic expression of these genes is plastic and strongly influenced by environmental factors. There was no evidence that local adaptation or outbreeding influenced otolith morphology or shape. Otoliths from fish exposed to thermal stress were bilaterally asymmetrical, whereas the bilateral symmetry of otoliths from outbred fish exhibited evidence of heterosis because they were more symmetrical than their native counterparts. Unlike development time and otoliths, gill raker development was linear and consistently stable in the face of both hybridization and environmental stress. These results make it clear that different biological attributes respond to genetic control and stress in different ways.
Book Synopsis Genetic Variation in the Embryonic Development Rate of Odd and Even Year Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) in Auke Creek, Alaska by : John Edward Joyce
Download or read book Genetic Variation in the Embryonic Development Rate of Odd and Even Year Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) in Auke Creek, Alaska written by John Edward Joyce and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantitative Genetic Analysis Or Rate of Embryonic Development in Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) by : Kyle Peter Hebert
Download or read book Quantitative Genetic Analysis Or Rate of Embryonic Development in Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) written by Kyle Peter Hebert and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Quality of the Spawning Bed on Growth and Development of Pink Salmon Embryos and Alevins by : Ralph A. Wells
Download or read book Effect of Quality of the Spawning Bed on Growth and Development of Pink Salmon Embryos and Alevins written by Ralph A. Wells and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Outbreeding Depression on Meristics and Bilateral Asymmetry in Hybrids of Spatially Separated Populations of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) by : Carrie L. Hoover
Download or read book Effects of Outbreeding Depression on Meristics and Bilateral Asymmetry in Hybrids of Spatially Separated Populations of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) written by Carrie L. Hoover and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Different populations of a species distributed over diverse conditions adapt to their local environments to improve their ability to survive or reproduce. Intraspecific hybridization can alter the locally adapted population, resulting in reduced fitness, causing outbreeding depression. Manifestations of outbreeding depression in Pacific salmon include decreases in survival, fitness, and/or fitness-related traits. Many animals have paired morphological structures, resulting from canalization during development, which promote the animal's fitness; more symmetrical individuals often have faster growth, higher fecundity, or better survival. Meristic traits, such as the number of gill rakers in fish, can be easily determined. This study examined the potential effects of outbreeding depression on morphological meristic characteristics. Variation in fish size and meristic counts of returning F1 and F2 hybrids of spatially separated populations of pink salmon was compared to those of controls. There was no evidence for increased fluctuating asymmetry in hybrids. Directional asymmetry was significant for branchiostegals and pectoral fin ray counts. No single character consistently had sire or interaction effects except gill rakers; the few significant effects probably result from maternal environment effects. Canalization of bilateral asymmetry seems to be relatively unaffected by outbreeding depression"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis A Test of Local Adaptation in Seasonally Separate Subpopulations of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) by : Christopher V. Manhard
Download or read book A Test of Local Adaptation in Seasonally Separate Subpopulations of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) written by Christopher V. Manhard and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Differences in fitness related traits were observed between first generation (F1) hybrid and control lines of temporally distinct subpopulations of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). The lines were cultured in a common freshwater environment, released to sea together, and collected at their natal stream as adults. Early-and late-run pink salmon, which are partially genetically isolated by the time at which they return to Auke Creek in Southeast Alaska to spawn, were crossed to create F1 and F2 hybrid groups in the even- and odd-year brood lines. Marine survival of controls exceeded that of F1 hybrids of the even-year brood line, whereas no difference in marine survival between those experimental groups was detected in the odd-year brood line. First generation hybrids expressed intermediate time of return relative to controls in both brood lines. Second generation hybrids exhibited similar embryonic development rates to controls in both brood lines. These results demonstrate that removal of a genetic barrier as fine as that which occurs within a brood line and location can disrupt local adaptation in a population of pink salmon, which may cause outbreeding depression in hybrids and may potentially reduce the overall biodiversity and productivity of the population.
Download or read book Advances in Marine Biology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2007-10-02 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Marine Biology was first published in 1963. Now edited by David W. Sims (Marine Biological Association, UK), the serial publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics which will appeal to postgraduates and researchers in marine biology, fisheries science, ecology, zoology, oceanography. Eclectic volumes in the series are supplemented by thematic volumes on such topics as The Biology of Calanoid Copepods and Restocking and Stock Enhancement of Marine Invertebrate Fisheries. * New information on the offspring size in marine invertebrates * Discusses important information on the social structure and strategies of delphinids * More than 250 pages of the latest discoveries in marine science
Book Synopsis Genetics of Subpolar Fish and Invertebrates by : Anthony J. Gharrett
Download or read book Genetics of Subpolar Fish and Invertebrates written by Anthony J. Gharrett and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fisheries genetics researchers will find invaluable the thirty-eight peer-reviewed contributions in this book, presented at the 20th Lowell Wakefield Fisheries Symposium "Genetics of Subpolar Fish and Invertebrates," held in May 2002 in Juneau, Alaska. Looming over concerns of lost fisheries stocks and persistent erosion of genetic variability are predictions of global warming, which may further tax genetic resources. One consequence is an increased reliance on genetic applications to many aspects of fisheries management, aquaculture, and conservation. The contributions in this book are important to modern fisheries science and genetics, and illustrate the evolution of the field over the past decade. The improved technology provides tools to address increasingly complicated problems in traditional applications and ecological and behavioral studies. The union between molecular and quantitative genetics, where many of the major questions about population structure and evolution remain unanswered, will also benefit from the new technologies.
Book Synopsis Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences by :
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bulletin of National Research Institute of Aquaculture by :
Download or read book Bulletin of National Research Institute of Aquaculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources. Aquaculture Panel. Symposium Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :162 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (31 download)
Book Synopsis Goals and Strategies for Breeding in Fisheries by : United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources. Aquaculture Panel. Symposium
Download or read book Goals and Strategies for Breeding in Fisheries written by United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources. Aquaculture Panel. Symposium and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Outbreeding Depression in Hybrids Between Spatially Separated Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) Populations by : Sara Ellen Gilk
Download or read book Outbreeding Depression in Hybrids Between Spatially Separated Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) Populations written by Sara Ellen Gilk and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Hybridization between distinct populations of salmon can cause fitness loss (outbreeding depression), and may result in reduced survival. The erosion of fitness-related traits such as homing ability and change in family size distribution may underlie reduced survival. Out breeding depression was investigated in two independent experiments that made hybrids between geographically separated and genetically divergent pink salmon populations. Control crosses were made from male and female Auke Creek (Southeast Alaska) pink salmon and hybrid crosses were between Auke Creek females and Pillar Creek (Kodiak Island, about 1000km away) males. Parentage assignment from microsatellite analysis improved estimates of survival and straying, and was used to examine variation in family size. The return rates of even-broodyear F 1 control and hybrid fish were similar, but the odd-broodyear F 1 control returns exceeded hybrid returns. The F 2 control returns exceeded hybrid returns in both the even- and odd broodyears. Hybridization did not impair homing ability; weekly surveys in nearby ( - lkm) Waydelich Creek revealed similar straying rates from Auke Creek by both hybrid and control fish in all years. Family data were available only for even-broodyear returns; hybridization did not increase the index of variability (ratio of variance to mean) in family size in these years. Outbreeding depression in hybrids of geographically separated populations demonstrates the potential for introgression of nonnative fish to erode natural production"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Embryonic Development in Eggs of Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus Nerka by : F. P. J. Velsen
Download or read book Embryonic Development in Eggs of Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus Nerka written by F. P. J. Velsen and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Life History of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) and Implications for Management by : Marianna Alexandersdottir
Download or read book Life History of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) and Implications for Management written by Marianna Alexandersdottir and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
