Effects Of Alcohol Use On Immunity And Immune Responses

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Effects of Alcohol Use on Immunity and Immune Responses

Author : Suhas Sureshchandra
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832540597
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Alcohol Use on Immunity and Immune Responses by : Suhas Sureshchandra

Download or read book Effects of Alcohol Use on Immunity and Immune Responses written by Suhas Sureshchandra and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-29 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant global health burden. Globally alcohol misuse is the fifth leading risk factor for premature death and disability, and accounts for ~3.3 million deaths annually. Chronic alcohol use deleteriously affects both normal behavior (e.g., depression, anxiety, and alcohol craving) and physiology (e.g., oxidative stress, intestinal hyperpermeability, immune dysfunction, and organ damage). Both heavy and binge drinking patterns alter immune frequencies, compromise immune cell function, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Alcohol misuse can damage barrier functions in vital organs such as the lungs, gut, increase susceptibility to both bacterial and viral infections but delay wound healing. Chronic alcoholics are also at a greater risk of developing Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and certain cancers. A lot of progress has been made in elucidating the relationship between alcohol consumption and immune function and how it affects human health. However, the mechanisms by which alcohol and its metabolites interacts with peripheral and tissue-resident immune systems remain poorly defined. Defining specific systemic adaptations and molecular mechanisms is important for understanding the long-term consequences of chronic alcohol use. These studies will help devise new interventions or refine existing ones to target the immune system in mitigating alcohol-related diseases. The aim of this Research Topic is to bring together new research in the alcohol field exploring the broad molecular and cellular adaptations of binge and heavy drinking on peripheral and tissue immunity. Studies would ideally include a combination of in vitro cell line models and in vivo animal models, and/or human studies of alcohol-induced end-organ damage mediated by dysregulated immune responses. Papers in this Research Topic could be used to identify complementary mechanisms and pathways that may be the focus of future therapeutic strategies. We encourage the submission of Original Research articles, as well as Reviews, Mini-Reviews, and Perspectives covering the following or related topics: 1. Innate and adaptive immune adaptations with moderate and heavy drinking. 2. Transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms of alcohol-associated immune dysfunction 3. Alcohol-microbiome cross-talk and its role on immune function. 4. Alcohol and tissue immunity – impact on barrier function, immune-stromal cell crosstalk. 5. Alcohol and immune responses to vaccines and infections. 6. Impact of alcohol on immune metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction 7. Sex differences in the impact of heavy drinking on immune responses. 8. Organ-organ interactions and immunity o Gut-Lung-Liver axis o Gut-brain axis o Liver-brain axis

Alcohol, Immunity, and Cancer

Author : Raz Yirmiya
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849357619
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (576 download)

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Book Synopsis Alcohol, Immunity, and Cancer by : Raz Yirmiya

Download or read book Alcohol, Immunity, and Cancer written by Raz Yirmiya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-11-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic alcoholism afflicts approximately 7% of the adult population of the United States and an even larger proportion in some other countries. Among the most devastating health problems associated with alcoholism are increased morbidity and mortality from infections and cancer. Alcohol, Immunity, and Cancer is the first book devoted entirely to presenting up-to-date comprehensive reviews on how the deleterious effects of alcohol consumption impact the immune system and increase the risk of developing many types of cancer. Topics covered include the effects of alcohol on cytokine activity, the modulation of natural killer cell activity by alcohol, fetal alcohol exposure and immunity, alcohol and hepatic carcinogenesis, and alcohol and cancer of the pancreas. Alcohol, Immunity, and Cancer will be invaluable for immunologists, pathologists, toxicologists, microbiologists, biochemists, endocrinologists, and neuroscientists interested in alcohol research. It will also benefit medical experts and general practitioners who need to know the role alcohol may play in the health and disease of their patients.

Alcohol, Drugs of Abuse, and Immune Functions

Author : Ronald R. Watson
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849383120
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis Alcohol, Drugs of Abuse, and Immune Functions by : Ronald R. Watson

Download or read book Alcohol, Drugs of Abuse, and Immune Functions written by Ronald R. Watson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-05-04 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substance abusers are an immunocompromised population, vulnerable to a wide array of new and resurgent infectious diseases - in spite of modern treatment. For example, opportunistic infections like tuberculosis are the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV positive patients. Alcohol- and drug-induced disorders are wide-ranging, gaining prominence as the spectrum of emerging diseases broadens. Alcohol, Drugs of Abuse, and Immune Functions reviews the role of these immunosuppressants as cofactors in disease. It covers the basic biology and immunology of impairments to defense against infectious disease. Alcohol and drug use is consistently associated with immunosuppression, although it isn't known if it is the substance itself, a metabolite, or an indirect effect that alters disease resistance. This text explores the advances toward answering this question, examines alcohol in different settings, its relationship to important cells, and the effects it can have on vital organs such as the liver and the lungs.

The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309453070
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant changes have taken place in the policy landscape surrounding cannabis legalization, production, and use. During the past 20 years, 25 states and the District of Columbia have legalized cannabis and/or cannabidiol (a component of cannabis) for medical conditions or retail sales at the state level and 4 states have legalized both the medical and recreational use of cannabis. These landmark changes in policy have impacted cannabis use patterns and perceived levels of risk. However, despite this changing landscape, evidence regarding the short- and long-term health effects of cannabis use remains elusive. While a myriad of studies have examined cannabis use in all its various forms, often these research conclusions are not appropriately synthesized, translated for, or communicated to policy makers, health care providers, state health officials, or other stakeholders who have been charged with influencing and enacting policies, procedures, and laws related to cannabis use. Unlike other controlled substances such as alcohol or tobacco, no accepted standards for safe use or appropriate dose are available to help guide individuals as they make choices regarding the issues of if, when, where, and how to use cannabis safely and, in regard to therapeutic uses, effectively. Shifting public sentiment, conflicting and impeded scientific research, and legislative battles have fueled the debate about what, if any, harms or benefits can be attributed to the use of cannabis or its derivatives, and this lack of aggregated knowledge has broad public health implications. The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids provides a comprehensive review of scientific evidence related to the health effects and potential therapeutic benefits of cannabis. This report provides a research agendaâ€"outlining gaps in current knowledge and opportunities for providing additional insight into these issuesâ€"that summarizes and prioritizes pressing research needs.

Drugs of Abuse, Immunity, and Immunodeficiency

Author : Herman Friedman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468459252
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Drugs of Abuse, Immunity, and Immunodeficiency by : Herman Friedman

Download or read book Drugs of Abuse, Immunity, and Immunodeficiency written by Herman Friedman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is based on the program of the International Conference on Drugs of Abuse, Immunity and Immunodeficiency held in Clearwater Beach, Florida. It was sponsored by the University of South Florida College of Medicine with the support of the National Institute on Drug Abuse. During the past few decades, drugs of abuse, including marijuana, cocaine, opiates and alcohol, have been studied by biomedical scientists in terms of the systemic effects of the drugs as well as alterations in neurophysiology and the psychology. More recently, the scope of such investigations has been broadened to include alterations within the immune system, and the influence of altered immunity on physiological and psychological consequences of drug abuse. In this regard, participants in the Clearwater Beach conference provided new information concern ing both basic and clinical aspects of drugs of abuse and immunity, especially immunodeficiency. Advances have been made in recent years in understanding the nature and mechanisms regulating the immune response and the mechanisms by which drugs may influence immune responses. In particular, the emergence of psychoneuroimmunology as a new discipline has heightened interest in immune responses influenced by psychoactive drugs. This has resulted in interdisciplinary investigations involving clinical and basic scientists including microbiologists, immu nologists, physiologists, psychiatrists, oncologists and others. The recreational use of the above mentioned drugs by large numbers of individuals has aroused serious concern about the consequences of this activity.

Alcohol's Effect on Organ Function

Author : Dianne M. Welsh
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0788174207
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (881 download)

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Book Synopsis Alcohol's Effect on Organ Function by : Dianne M. Welsh

Download or read book Alcohol's Effect on Organ Function written by Dianne M. Welsh and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-12 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a selection of articles on the effect of alcohol use on organ function. Topics include: alcohol's effects on liver function, alcohol-related pancreatic damage, alcohol and the cardiovascular system, alcohol's contribution to compromised immunity, the hemotological complications of alcoholism, the endocrine system and alcohol-related hormonal imbalances, impairments of brain and behavior, alcohol's role in gastrointestinal tract disorders, and alcohol's impact on kidney function. Diagrams.

Drugs of Abuse and Immune Function

Author : Ronald Ross Watson
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849367472
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (674 download)

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Book Synopsis Drugs of Abuse and Immune Function by : Ronald Ross Watson

Download or read book Drugs of Abuse and Immune Function written by Ronald Ross Watson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-07-25 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important publication provides up-to-date reviews using data from human patients and animal models. The goal is to understand the relationship between immunological modification by drugs of abuse and disease resistance. Examined are the major drugs of abuse and their effects on lymphoid cell function, numbers, development, and interactions. Also addressed are reviews of how ethanol, cocaine, morphine, and marijuana effect the immune function. The book includes evaluations of the relationship of immunomodulation by drugs of abuse on resistance to infectious diseases. This is critical to understanding how drugs modulate diseases and cancer development. This invaluable publication is important to those in biochemistry, physiology, chemistry, biology, immunology, cancer, medicine, pharmacology, microbiology, psychology, psychiatry, and additive studies. It is also of value to those in nutrition, pathology, pediatrics, family medicine, gerontology, surgery, sociology, and anatomy. Specialty groups, such as those in tropical medicine and public policy, will have a strong interest in the book. It is also of significant interest to organizations that deal with major numbers of patients using drugs of abuse and with their associated diseases including AIDS.

Activation and Suppression of the Innate Immune System

Author : Marjorie Levinstein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (861 download)

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Book Synopsis Activation and Suppression of the Innate Immune System by : Marjorie Levinstein

Download or read book Activation and Suppression of the Innate Immune System written by Marjorie Levinstein and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Author : Tsuneya Ikezu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319440225
Total Pages : 1045 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuroimmune Pharmacology by : Tsuneya Ikezu

Download or read book Neuroimmune Pharmacology written by Tsuneya Ikezu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-22 with total page 1045 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Neuroimmune Pharmacology bridges the disciplines of neuroscience, immunology and pharmacology from the molecular to clinical levels with particular thought made to engage new research directives and clinical modalities. Bringing together the foremost field authorities from around the world, Neuroimmune Pharmacology will serve as an invaluable resource for the basic and applied scientists of the current decade and beyond.

Alcohol-mediated Alteration of Cell-mediated Immunity

Author : Melissa Elizabeth Munroe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (477 download)

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Book Synopsis Alcohol-mediated Alteration of Cell-mediated Immunity by : Melissa Elizabeth Munroe

Download or read book Alcohol-mediated Alteration of Cell-mediated Immunity written by Melissa Elizabeth Munroe and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excessive, prolonged ethanol consumption impairs cell-mediated immune responses. The effect of ethanol is most pronounced during the cognitive phase of the immune response when antigen presenting cell(s) (APC) engage CD4 T helper (Th) lymphocytes. APC, rather than the Th cell, are most directly affected by alcohol exposure. Because the nature of the APC-Th interaction critically determines whether the effector response is Th1 or Th2 regulated, we investigated the effect of alcohol exposure on the ability of BALB/c APC populations to drive a Th1 response by ovalbumin (OVA)-specific, alphabeta T cell receptor Th cells derived from DO11.10 mice. Alcohol consumption inhibits the ability of splenic macrophages and dendritic cells to produce IL-12 and induce IFN-gamma production by OVA-stimulated DO11.10 Th cells in co-culture. Short term exposure of BALB/c APC populations to alcohol in vitro inhibits subsequent IL-12 production by APC and IFN-gamma production by DO11.10 Th cells in co-culture with OVA in a dose-dependent fashion, without affecting Th proliferation or IL-2 production. The inhibition of Th1 development occurs within the first 24h of culture and is IL-12 dependent, as recombinant IL-12 restores the ability of DO11.10 Th cells to produce IFN-gamma. Because abstention is difficult for individuals who abuse alcohol, development of means to circumvent alcohol-mediated alteration in immune function would have important clinical relevance. Here we demonstrate a model for repairing the cell-mediated immune deficit in alcohol consuming mice. We show that immunizing with antigen-pulsed APC from normal mice elicits unimpaired antigen specific delayed hypersensitivity (DTH) responses in alcohol consuming animals. Treating APC from alcohol consuming mice with cytokines such as granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor or IFN-gamma, or crosslinking CD40 restores the ability of APC to produce IL-12 and drive IFN-gamma production by OVA stimulated DO11.10 T cells in co-culture. Finally, immunizing with antigen-pulsed, repaired, APC from alcohol consuming mice restores DTH responses in alcohol consuming animals.

The Innate Immune System and Alcohol Responses in Drosophila

Author : Benjamin Robert Troutwine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (957 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innate Immune System and Alcohol Responses in Drosophila by : Benjamin Robert Troutwine

Download or read book The Innate Immune System and Alcohol Responses in Drosophila written by Benjamin Robert Troutwine and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A growing body of evidence has shown that alcohol alters the activity of the innate immune system and that changes in innate immune system activity can influence alcohol-related behaviors (Cui et al., 2014; Vetreno & Crews, 2014). Here we show that the Toll innate immune signaling pathway modulates the level of alcohol resistance in Drosophila. In humans, a low level of response to alcohol is correlated with increased risk of developing an alcohol use disorder (Schuckit, 1994). The Toll signaling pathway was originally discovered in, and has been extensively studied in Drosophila. The Toll pathway is a major regulator of innate immunity in Drosophila, and mammalian Toll-like receptor signaling has been implicated in alcohol responses. Here, we use Drosophila-specific genetic tools to test eight genes in the Toll signaling pathway for effects on the level of response to ethanol. We show that increasing the activity of the pathway increases ethanol resistance while decreasing pathway activity reduces ethanol resistance. Furthermore, we show that gene products known to be outputs of innate immune signaling are rapidly induced following ethanol exposure. The interaction between the Toll signaling pathway and ethanol is rooted in the natural history of Drosophila melanogaster.

Alcohol Health and Research World

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Alcohol Health and Research World by :

Download or read book Alcohol Health and Research World written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309220424
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research by : National Research Council

Download or read book Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-12-05 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years, experiments using chimpanzees have been instrumental in advancing scientific knowledge and have led to new medicines to prevent life-threatening and debilitating diseases. However, recent advances in alternate research tools have rendered chimpanzees largely unnecessary as research subjects. The Institute of Medicine, in collaboration with the National Research Council, conducted an in-depth analysis of the scientific necessity for chimpanzees in NIH-funded biomedical and behavioral research. The committee concludes that while the chimpanzee has been a valuable animal model in the past, most current biomedical research use of chimpanzees is not necessary, though noted that it is impossible to predict whether research on emerging or new diseases may necessitate chimpanzees in the future.

The Effects of Alcohol Consumption on the Immune Responses in Rats

Author : Kalaya Tandhachoon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (397 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Alcohol Consumption on the Immune Responses in Rats by : Kalaya Tandhachoon

Download or read book The Effects of Alcohol Consumption on the Immune Responses in Rats written by Kalaya Tandhachoon and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Alcohol, Immunomodulation, and AIDS

Author : Daniela Seminara
Publisher : Wiley-Liss
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Alcohol, Immunomodulation, and AIDS by : Daniela Seminara

Download or read book Alcohol, Immunomodulation, and AIDS written by Daniela Seminara and published by Wiley-Liss. This book was released on 1990-01-02 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, epidemiologists, behavioral scientists, and biomedical researchers explore relationships between alcohol consumption, HIV infection, and AIDS. They present the results of epidemiological and behavioral studies of homosexual and heterosexual populations, including adolescents and specific racial and ethnic subgroups. Included are reports from ongoing biomedical studies of the direct effect of alcohol on cellular and humoral immune response and the interaction between medical complications of alcoholism and HIV infection.

The Influence of Chronic Alcohol Consumption on Invariant Natural Killer T Cells

Author : Faya Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Influence of Chronic Alcohol Consumption on Invariant Natural Killer T Cells by : Faya Zhang

Download or read book The Influence of Chronic Alcohol Consumption on Invariant Natural Killer T Cells written by Faya Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic alcohol consumption increases the incidence of infectious diseases and multiple types of cancer and decreases the survival of cancer patients, which is associated with a compromised host immune system. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are an important population of immunoregulatory cells and play important roles in shaping immune response in infectious diseases and cancers. However, the knowledge of alcohol's effects on iNKT cells is very limited. Using a well-established experimental mouse model, we found that alcohol consumption in the steady state increases iNKT cells in the thymus and liver, enhances iNKT cell proliferation, activation and maturation. Upon activation, iNKT cells exhibit a Th1-dominant cytokine profile, and enhance Th1 response evidenced by the enhanced activation of dendritic cells, NK, T, and B cells, which favors anti-tumor immunity. In addition, alcohol consumption increases the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR3 on iNKT cells in the thymus, which could be associated with increased thymic retention of iNKT cells. Moreover, alcohol consumption increases inhibitory receptor NKG2A-expressing iNKT cells, which could be a negative feedback mechanism to prevent iNKT cell over-activation. In contrast to the steady state, with tumor progression alcohol consumption accelerates iNKT cell anergy and switches iNKT cell cytokine profile from Th1-dominant to Th2-dominant, which favors tumor progression and decreases the survival of melanoma-bearing mice. In subsequent mechanistic studies, we show that alcohol consumption increases C16-alkenyl-LPE, an endogenous lipid antigen important for iNKT cell development, in the thymus. This finding supports our hypothesis that alcohol consumption influences iNKT cells by altering their endogenous lipid antigens in the thymus. We further show that TNF-alpha, but not IFN-gamma, mediates the alcohol-induced increase of NKG2A+ iNKT in the thymus and spleen and the alcohol-induced increase of CXCR3+ iNKT in the thymus. In summary, chronic alcohol consumption enhances iNKT cell proliferation, activation and maturation via increasing endogenous lipid antigens, which not only enhances iNKT cell Th1 response and favors antitumor immunity, it also predisposes iNKT cells to accelerated immunosenescence. Crosstalk with melanoma, alcohol accelerates iNKT cells anergy and favors tumor progression. TNF-a may play the key role in alcohol-induced increase in CXCR3+ and NKG2A+ iNKT cells.

Drugs of Abuse, Immunity, and AIDS

Author : Pawel Migula
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461529808
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Drugs of Abuse, Immunity, and AIDS by : Pawel Migula

Download or read book Drugs of Abuse, Immunity, and AIDS written by Pawel Migula and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is based on the program of the Second International Conference on Drugs of Abuse, Immunity and AIDS, held in Clearwater Beach, FL in June 1992. The Conference was supported in part by the University of South Florida College of MediCine with financial assistance from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The focus of this conference was the effects of drugs of abuse on immunity. It is now widely recognized that psychoactive drugs of abuse, including marijuana, cocaine, and opiates, as well as alcohol, have marked effects in an individual, including effects on their nervous system and behavior. In the past two decades, the scope of studies concerning the effects of some drugs of abuse have also involved investigations of alterations of various physiologic parameters including effects on the immune system. and the influence of such immune alterations on normal physiological responses. In this regard, participants in this Second International Conference provided newer information concerning both basic and clinical aspects of drugs of abuse and immunity, especially immunodeficiencies. In this regard, advances have been made in recent years concerning the nature and mechanisms whereby the immune system is regulated and the possible mechanisms by which drugs of abuse influence such immune systems. In particular, the emergence of psychoneuroimmunology as a new discipline the last decade has heightened interest in the immune responses influenced by psychoactive drugs. This has resulted in interdisciplinary investigations involving both clinical and basic scientists, including microbiologists, immunologists, physiologists, psychiatrists, oncologists, psychologists, etc.