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Effect Of Time And Temperature On Butanol Production From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Pome By Anaerobic Fermentation Using Clostridium Beijerinckii
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Book Synopsis Effect of Time and Temperature on Butanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by Anaerobic Fermentation Using Clostridium Beijerinckii by : Siti Hazriah Hamzah
Download or read book Effect of Time and Temperature on Butanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by Anaerobic Fermentation Using Clostridium Beijerinckii written by Siti Hazriah Hamzah and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Owing to the increasing volume of palm oil mill effluent (POME) wastewater generated, disposal remains as perennial problem and its bioconversion has been considered as an option for pollution control (C.N. Hipolito et al., 2008). Thus, the availability of an inexpensive raw material; POME which will used in this research is essential if solvent fermentation is to become economically viable. In Malaysia, POME represents an alternative cheap carbon source for fermentation processes that is attractive in both economic and geographical considerations. The mainly research purpose is to study the production of butanol from the anareobic fermentation of solventogenic bacteria (clostridium beijerinkii, ATCC 51743) by using POME as the fermentation media. The scope of the research is to study the effect of fermentation time and temperature to the butanol production. The fermentation is based on batch fermentation in schott bottle. It is an anaerobic fermentation and the strain, Clostridium Beijerinckii (ATCC 51743) was treated strictly in an anaerobic condition. Optimum conditions that were maintained in this research are the substrate concentration and agitation rate. POME and Reinforced Clostridia Media (RCM) were used as the growth medium in this batch culture. The fermentation temperature that were used in this study are 35°C, 40°C and 45°C while the fermentation time that were used are 48 to 72 hours respectively. The results indicated that the concentration of butanol will decreases as the temperature increases. The highest concentration of butanol that produced by POME was 0.224 g L-1 at 35°C by 72 hours of fermentation. From this study, it is showed that POME can produce butanol at optimum fermentation temperature at 35°C in 72 hours of fermentation time. Hence, the result also showed that POME is viable to use as growth medium to produce butanol.
Book Synopsis Effect of Fermentation Time and Temperature on Butanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by Using Clostridium Acebutylicum by : Siti Nadiah Mustafa Kamal
Download or read book Effect of Fermentation Time and Temperature on Butanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by Using Clostridium Acebutylicum written by Siti Nadiah Mustafa Kamal and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaysia is the world's largest producer of palm oil. Waste from palm oil production factories has been increasing rapidly and one of the serious problems in the palm oil fruit processing is the managing of the waste generated by the processes. Recently, fermentative energy production from several sources of biomass has been carried out which is Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation (Shinto et al., 2008). Due to this, this study is focusing on the utilization of palm oil mill effluent (POME) for ABE fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum (NCIMB 13357). The main objective of this study is to develop conversion of POME into useful material which is butanol. Investigations were carried out on the effects of fermentation temperature within 35°C to 45°C and fermentation time within 48 to 72 hours to the butanol production. The experiment were conducted in Schott bottle with 90% concentration of culture medium and 10% v/v of inoculums concentration by using POME and reinforced clostridia medium (RCM) as growth medium. This anaerobic fermentation was done in batch culture. It was observed that the optimum condition for butanol fermentation by C.acetobutylicum is at 40°C through 48 hours which produced the highest yield of butanol (3.1344 g/L). From this study, it showed that the butanol production was decreased as the fermentation temperature and time were increased. The results from this study hence showed that the POME is a viable media for butanol fermentation. For improvement, research on other parameter such as pH of substrate and concentration of substrate that effect on butanol production should be carried out to optimize the production of butanol.
Book Synopsis Effect of Temperature on Butanol and Ethanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluents by Clostridium Acetobutylicum by : Einayah Kamaruzaman
Download or read book Effect of Temperature on Butanol and Ethanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluents by Clostridium Acetobutylicum written by Einayah Kamaruzaman and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palm oil mill effluents is a waste that produce in high quantity in Malaysia. Furthur studies would futher increase profitability of palm oil industries besides solving environmental problems. POME has great potential as substrate because it has low cost and also it contains a mixture of carbohydrates binding, hemicelluloses, sucrose, and other carbohydrates that can be utilized by saccharolytic clostria.This research mainly to study the effect of temperature to the solventogenic fermentation using clostridia.acetobutylicum in producing butanol and ethanol by using palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a fermentation media. This research also to investigate the type of sugar that contain in POME, the profile growth rate of clostridia acetobutylicum and then to investigate consumption of glucose by clostridia acetobutylicum during fermentation. The experiment works were conducted in schott bottle in anaerobic chamber to maintain anaerobic condition. Fermentation was carried out for 72 hour at 35°C with the concentration of POME at 90% and inoculums concentration at 10%. Palm oil mill effluent and reinforced clostridia medium was used as a growth medium in batch culture. The temperature that used in this investigation is 33°C, 34°C, 35°C and 37°C. The result of this investigation showed that POME is a viable media for butanol and ethanol fermentation. The result also showed that the yield of butanol and ethanol production will decrease as the temperature increase. The results showed that the highest yield of butanol produced was 0.156 g/L. For ethanol production, the highest was 58.51 g/L. The experimental results also showed that the sugar groups that contains in POME are fructose, glucose, galactose, sucrose and lactose. From this study, it was observed that optimum condition for butanol and ethanol fermentation by Clostridia acetobutylicum at 35°C.
Book Synopsis Effect of Substrate Concentration and Agitation Rate on Butanol Production from POME by Clostridium Beijerinckii by : Ellie Fazlin Mohd Sarian
Download or read book Effect of Substrate Concentration and Agitation Rate on Butanol Production from POME by Clostridium Beijerinckii written by Ellie Fazlin Mohd Sarian and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the largest by product generated from palm oil mills, about 50 million tonnes annually. POME has a potential substrate for acetone, butanol and ethanol production using Clostridium beijerinckii. This research mainly studied on the direct use of POME as fermentation medium for solvent fermentation by Clostridium beijerinckii ATCC 51743. This research also investigated the growth profile rate and the consumption of glucose by Clostridium beijerinckii during fermentation. Fermentation were conducted for 72 hours at 370C by using palm oil mill effluent and reinforced clostridia medium as a growth medium in batch culture. Investigations were carried out on the effect of subsrate (POME) concentration and the agitation rate into the production of butanol. The POME concentration that had been used in this investigation were 90%, 80% and 70% while the agitation rate that had been used were 0 rpm, 100 rpm, 175 rpm and 250 rpm respectively. The results showed that the highest yield of butanol produced was 3.12 g/L by 70% POME at 100 rpm of agitation rate.
Book Synopsis Effect of Inoculums Concentration, Temperature and Agitation Rate on Solvent Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by Clostridium Beijerinckii ATCC 51743 by : Fatimah Azzahra' Misebah
Download or read book Effect of Inoculums Concentration, Temperature and Agitation Rate on Solvent Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by Clostridium Beijerinckii ATCC 51743 written by Fatimah Azzahra' Misebah and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few decades ago, world is totally depends on fossil fuel as energy source that currently most economically available source for personnel and commercial used leads in diminishing interest on development fermentation of biofuel industry. Unfortunately, due to constant conflict in the oil-supply regions and depletion of fuels oils supply resulted in viable of solventogenic fermentation industry in the world. Besides that, combustion of fossil fuel will produce various particle and gas that contribute to crises of environmental problem such as acid rain as well as greenhouse effect which is key factor in global warming. Thus, pressing need in reviewing the solventogenic fermentation of biofuel from a viable alternative sustainable and renewable energy resources that more renewable, more efficient and safer for environment. Unfortunately, the solventogenic fermentation needs to overcome high cost of production substrate together with low fermentation yield in order to compete with solvent production from fossil fuel. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is abundant agricultural waste in Malaysia, shows great potential in used directly as alternative fermentation substrate. The objective of this study is manly to study the effect of temperature, agitation rate and inoculums concentration as variable factors that significantly influenced solvent production from palm oil mill effluent (POME) by Clostridium beijerinkii ATCC 51743. Analysis of total solvent production was done by using gas chromatography and isobutanol has been used as internal standard. Results that obtain from the study effect of 5 to 25% inoculums concentration to total solvent concentration show that the total solvent concentration will decrease as inoculums concentration increase. The highest production of total solvent is at 10% of inoculums concentration with 0.719 g/L production. Besides that, the study effect of 25 to 35 °C temperature to the total solvent production shows that concentration of total solvent production will decreases as temperature increase. The highest production is 0.568g/L at 30°C. Meanwhile effect of 50 to 250rpm agitation rate to the total solvent production shows that as agitation increases, total solvent production will decrease where the highest total solvent production was recorded at 150rpm with 0.675g/L. It can be conclude that, the temperature, agitation rate and concentration inoculums will be the significant parameter that affected production solvent from POME by Clostridium Beijerinckii (ATCC 51743).In addition, applying the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was recommended for this study in order to determine the optimum level in enhances the solvent production.
Book Synopsis Effects of Substrate Concentration and Agitation Rate on Butanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Clostridium Acetobutylicum by : Nur Hidayah Maslan
Download or read book Effects of Substrate Concentration and Agitation Rate on Butanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Clostridium Acetobutylicum written by Nur Hidayah Maslan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is mainly focusing on butanol production from palm oil mill effluent (POME) by anaerobic fermentation using Clostridium acetobutylicum. Despite that untreated POME could bring severe effects to environment, POME also can be used as the main substrate due to abundant supply and it potentiality to be utilised by saccharolytic clostridia in butanol fermentation. Reinforced Clostridia Medium (RCM) was functioned as control medium. This study was also to investigate the growth profile rate and the consumption of glucose by C. acetobutylicum during fermentation for 72 hour at 37°C. Fermentation was carried out in 250 mL Schott bottle at a working volume of 150 mL. Other parameters were kept constant at pH 5.8 for POME, pH 6.8 for RCM and 10% inoculum. The effects of substrate concentration and agitation rate in producing butanol were studied. Substrate concentrations used were 70%, 80% and 90% while for agitation rates were 0 rpm, 100 rpm, 175 rpm and 250 rpm. Butanol produced from the fermentation was analyzed using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Growth profile rate of C. acetobutylicum in POME and RCM were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Glucose concentration was measured from the calculation of the amount of glucose consumed by dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method which monitored using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. This experiment were started by clostridia cultivation and then followed by fermentation medium preparation, inoculum preparation, fermentation process for 72 hours and fermentation product analysis. The highest butanol yield in POME was 0.3485 g/L at 70% concentration and 175 rpm while maximum butanol production was produced in 90% RCM at 175 rpm which was 0.5034 g/L. In conclusion, lots of hard work and precaution steps need to be taken in order to make sure higher butanol can be produced at theoretically substrate concentration which is 90% and agitation rate at 200 rpm.
Book Synopsis Effect of Agitation Rate on Butanol and Ethanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Clostridium Acetobutylicum by : Zuriana Sidi Ahmad
Download or read book Effect of Agitation Rate on Butanol and Ethanol Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Clostridium Acetobutylicum written by Zuriana Sidi Ahmad and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaysia is world largest palm oil producing country. The crude palm oil mill releases liquid effluent known as palm oil mill effluent (POME). These waste result in a significant environmental problem if not dispose in proper manner. The objective of this research is to study the effect of agitation rate on butanol and ethanol production from palm oil mill effluent by Clostridium acetobutylicum. This study also investigated the type of sugar that contain in POME, the profile growth rate of C.acetobutylicum and then to investigate consumption of glucose by C. acetobutylicum during fermentation. The experiment works were conducted in schott bottle in anaerobic chamber to maintain anaerobic condition. Fermentation were carried out for 72 hours at 35oC and maintain the concentration of POME (90%) and inoculums concentration (10%) using palm oil mill effluent and reinforced clostridia medium as a substrate in batch culture. The speed that used in this investigation are, 100, 150, 175 and 200 rpm. The result showed that the yield of butanol and ethanol production will increase as the speed increase until it reaches the optimum point (200 rpm). From this study, it was observed that optimum condition for butanol and ethanol fermentation by C. acetobutylicum is at 200 rpm. The concentration of butanol and ethanol from POME for 200 rpm at optimum time (72 hours) is 0.137 g/l and 68.958 g/l respectively. The result of this experiment showed that fresh POME is a viable media for butanol and ethanol fermentation by C. acetobutylicum.
Book Synopsis Effect of Substrate Concentration in Producing Higher Butanol Compared to Ethanol by Using Clostridium Acetobutylicum by : Pearljeet Kaur A/P Kartar Singh
Download or read book Effect of Substrate Concentration in Producing Higher Butanol Compared to Ethanol by Using Clostridium Acetobutylicum written by Pearljeet Kaur A/P Kartar Singh and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this present experiment, the main objective is to study the effect of substrate concentration in producing higher butanol compared to ethanol by using Clostridium acetobutylicum. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) was used as the main substrate in this fermentation because it imposes negative effect towards the environment which in vast amount besides the availability as a low cost substrate and reinforced clostridium medium (RCM) was used as a control substrate. Study was also done to investigate the growth profile of C. acetobutylicum, type of sugars in POME, and glucose consumption of C. acetobutylicum during fermentation. The HPLC analysis result for sugar component showed that the reducing sugars; fructose, glucose, galactose, sucrose and lactose exist in POME and are utilized as substrate for solvents fermentation by C. acetobutylicum. Main study on the effect of four substrate concentrations 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% in POME and RCM were tested using Schott bottle as fermentor in anaerobic chamber to maintain the anaerobic condition for C. acetobutylicum growth condition for 72 hours at temperature of 35oC, pH 5.8 and speed of 200 rpm. The results showed that butanol and ethanol were produced at the end of the fermentation hence proving POME is a viable substrate for the fermentation. After 20 hours fermentation it was observed that at 90% substrate concentration butanol produced was higher compared to ethanol. However, in overall the result showed higher ethanol production compared to butanol production for all the four different substrate concentration throughout the experiment. The core factor contributing in this result is the substrate inhibition by butanol besides the phenolic component in POME which also acts as inhibitor, strain degeneration, and also extraction of butanol from fermentation broth. In conclusion, many efforts need to be taken to ensure higher butanol can be produced especially in decreasing the inhibition factor towards butanol.
Book Synopsis Production of Butanol from Whey Permeate by Clostridium Acetobutylicum P262 in a Two-stage Continuous Fermentation System by : Francisco Diez-Gonzalez
Download or read book Production of Butanol from Whey Permeate by Clostridium Acetobutylicum P262 in a Two-stage Continuous Fermentation System written by Francisco Diez-Gonzalez and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Temperature on Anaerobic-aerobic Biodegradation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent - a Preliminary Study by : Kian Weng Chou
Download or read book Effect of Temperature on Anaerobic-aerobic Biodegradation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent - a Preliminary Study written by Kian Weng Chou and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Temperature, Organic Loading Rate and Chitosan Addition on Microbial Diversity in Palm Oil Mill Effluent Anaerobic Digestion by : Maneerat Khemkhao
Download or read book Effect of Temperature, Organic Loading Rate and Chitosan Addition on Microbial Diversity in Palm Oil Mill Effluent Anaerobic Digestion written by Maneerat Khemkhao and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Production of 2-propanol, Butanol and Ethanol Using Clostridium Beijerinckii Optonii by : Adam Hoogewind
Download or read book Production of 2-propanol, Butanol and Ethanol Using Clostridium Beijerinckii Optonii written by Adam Hoogewind and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Enhancement Production Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by : Nuruliana Ismail
Download or read book Enhancement Production Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) written by Nuruliana Ismail and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy demand is increasing continuously due to rapid growth in population and industrialization development. The major energy demand is provided from the conventional energy sources such as coal, oil, natural gas, etc. In every country is facing with these conventional fuels, are depletion of fossil fuels and deterioration of environment. Meanwhile, the Malaysian oil palm industry is an important industry but the waste organic from palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a contributed to global warming phenomena. The experiment for capture gas methane will be one of the alternative ways to encounter this problem. It investigated to increase the gas CH4 and decrease the gas CO2 to a biogas production. The parameters that have been focused throughout identified condition temperature and monitoring optimum day in bioreactor. Gas Chromatography is used to detect the concentration time in weekly for one month. Temperature in the pilot plant is not to control but the result is take for analysis. Meanwhile the pattern of the concentration CH4 by a weekly was taken. The study shows, the mesophilic condition is highest concentration methane than thermophilic condition. POME in the bioreactor 500m3 after a fortnight needed to discharge and uploads a quarter of volume in bioreactor to get optimum condition. As a conclusion, the applicability of temperature and time in bioreactor was enhancement the biogas production and can be used to generate electricity. Biogas capture also has resulted in substantial greenhouse gasses (GHG) reduction.
Book Synopsis Production of Methane from Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Membrane Anaerobic System by : Jayabalan Singanathan
Download or read book Production of Methane from Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Membrane Anaerobic System written by Jayabalan Singanathan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Chemical Pulping Black Liquor Addition on Thermophillic Anaerobic Digestibility of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by : Norli Ismail
Download or read book Effect of Chemical Pulping Black Liquor Addition on Thermophillic Anaerobic Digestibility of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) written by Norli Ismail and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Biofuels and Bioenergy by : Madhugiri Nageswara-Rao
Download or read book Advances in Biofuels and Bioenergy written by Madhugiri Nageswara-Rao and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The worldwide consumption of fossil fuel continues to increase at unsustainable levels, which will lead to progressive scarcity, if immediate and innovative measures are not taken for its sustainable use. This scarcity necessitates the development of renewable and sustainable alternatives for fossil fuels. A possible solution to today's energy challenges can be provided by biofuels. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current status and the future implications of biofuels. Diverse and aptly covered comprehensive information in this book will directly enhance both basic and applied research in biofuels and will particularly be useful for students, scientists, breeders, growers, ecologists, industrialists and policy makers. It will be a valuable reference point to improve biofuels in the areas of ecologically and economically sustainable bioenergy research.
Book Synopsis Current Advances in Anaerobic Digestion Technology by : Marcell Nikolausz
Download or read book Current Advances in Anaerobic Digestion Technology written by Marcell Nikolausz and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the oldest biotechnological processes and originally referred to biomass degradation under anoxic conditions in both natural and engineered systems. It has been used for decades to treat various waste streams and to produce methane-rich biogas as an important energy carrier, and it has become a major player in electrical power production. AD is a popular, mature technology, and our knowledge about the influencing process parameters as well as about the diverse microbial communities involved in the process has increased dramatically over the last few decades. To avoid competition with food and feed production, the AD feedstock spectrum has constantly been extended to waste products either rich in recalcitrant lignocellulose or containing inhibitory substances such as ammonia, which requires application of various pre-treatments or specific management of the microbial resources. Extending the definition of AD, it can also convert gases rich in hydrogen and carbon dioxide into methane that can substitute natural gas, which opens new opportunities by a direct link to traditional petrochemistry. Furthermore, AD can be coupled with emerging biotechnological applications, such as microbial electrochemical technologies or the production of medium-chain fatty acids by anaerobic fermentation. Ultimately, because of the wide range of applications, AD is still a very vital field in science. This Special Issue highlights some key topics of this research field.
