Effect Of Imf Structural Adjustment Programs On Expectations

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Effect of IMF Structural Adjustment Programs on Expectations: the Case of Transition Economies

Author : Patrick A. Imam
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781283512411
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (124 download)

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Book Synopsis Effect of IMF Structural Adjustment Programs on Expectations: the Case of Transition Economies by : Patrick A. Imam

Download or read book Effect of IMF Structural Adjustment Programs on Expectations: the Case of Transition Economies written by Patrick A. Imam and published by . This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the effect of IMF programs on economic agents' expectations about the economy in transitional countries using survey data from the Central and Eastern Eurobarometer poll, an annual general public survey monitoring the evolution of public opinion from 1990 to 1997. Previous studies, in contrast, have looked at indirect measures, such as capital flows or yield spreads, to assess the impact of IMF programs on economic expectations. Using a multinomial probit model, we find that IMF loans appear to have a strong effect on agent expectations in the early years, through the inflow of real money, and through the signaling effect. IMF programs during periods of collapsing growth appear to reinforce underlying expectations for the future; they are associated with positive expectations for those with an optimistic outlook and negative expectations for those with a negative outlook. Once recovery is underway, and economic uncertainty diminishes, it appears that IMF programs cease to have a statistically significant effect on the expectations of economic agents. This suggests that IMF programs have the biggest impact on expectations during periods of great uncertainty and less of an impact when countries are subject to minor shocks.

The Effect of International Monetary Fund and World Bank Programs on Poverty

Author : William Easterly
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0202080110
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effect of International Monetary Fund and World Bank Programs on Poverty by : William Easterly

Download or read book The Effect of International Monetary Fund and World Bank Programs on Poverty written by William Easterly and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is some evidence that IMF and World Bank adjustment lending smooths consumption for the poor, reducing the rise in poverty for any given contraction of the economy but also reducing the fall in poverty for any given expansion. Adjustment lending plays a similar role as inequality, reducing poverty's sensitivity to the economy's aggregate growth rate.

Structural Adjustment

Author : Giles Mohan
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415125215
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (252 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Adjustment by : Giles Mohan

Download or read book Structural Adjustment written by Giles Mohan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on Africa, Latin America and Asia, examines the origins, impacts and alternatives to the structural adjsutment programmes.

IMF-Supported Programs

Author : Mr.Ashoka Mody
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781589063617
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (636 download)

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Book Synopsis IMF-Supported Programs by : Mr.Ashoka Mody

Download or read book IMF-Supported Programs written by Mr.Ashoka Mody and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-04-03 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research work by the IMF’s staff on the effectiveness of the country programs the organization supports, which has long been carried out, has intensified in recent years. IMF analysts have sought to “open up the black box” by more closely examining program design and implementation, as well as how these influence programs’ effectiveness. Their efforts have also focused on identifying the lending, signaling, and monitoring features of the IMF that may affect member countries’ economic performance. This book reports on a large portion of both the new and the continuing research. It concludes that IMF programs work best where domestic politics and institutions permit the timely implementation of the necessary measures and when a country is vulnerable to, but not yet in, a crisis. It points to the need for a wider recognition of the substantial diversity among IMF member countries and for programs to be tailored accordingly while broadly maintaining the IMF’s general principle of uniformity of treatment.

IMF Conditionality

Author : John Williamson
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 708 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis IMF Conditionality by : John Williamson

Download or read book IMF Conditionality written by John Williamson and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1983 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twenty-one contributions in this book assess the controversy surrounding the Fund and provide judgments about the criteria for Fund lending which should help readers understand and analyze both its ongoing role in smoothing adjustment to international payments imbalances and its currently critical position in responding to the debt crisis.

The Effect of IMF and World Bank Programmes on Poverty

Author : William Russell Easterly
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effect of IMF and World Bank Programmes on Poverty by : William Russell Easterly

Download or read book The Effect of IMF and World Bank Programmes on Poverty written by William Russell Easterly and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Macroeconomic Effects of Public Investment

Author : Mr.Abdul Abiad
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484361555
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis The Macroeconomic Effects of Public Investment by : Mr.Abdul Abiad

Download or read book The Macroeconomic Effects of Public Investment written by Mr.Abdul Abiad and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-05-04 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides new evidence of the macroeconomic effects of public investment in advanced economies. Using public investment forecast errors to identify the causal effect of government investment in a sample of 17 OECD economies since 1985 and model simulations, the paper finds that increased public investment raises output, both in the short term and in the long term, crowds in private investment, and reduces unemployment. Several factors shape the macroeconomic effects of public investment. When there is economic slack and monetary accommodation, demand effects are stronger, and the public-debt-to-GDP ratio may actually decline. Public investment is also more effective in boosting output in countries with higher public investment efficiency and when it is financed by issuing debt.

Our Continent, Our Future

Author : P. Thandika Mkandawire
Publisher : IDRC
ISBN 13 : 155250204X
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (525 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Continent, Our Future by : P. Thandika Mkandawire

Download or read book Our Continent, Our Future written by P. Thandika Mkandawire and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our Continent, Our Future presents the emerging African perspective on this complex issue. The authors use as background their own extensive experience and a collection of 30 individual studies, 25 of which were from African economists, to summarize this African perspective and articulate a path for the future. They underscore the need to be sensitive to each country's unique history and current condition. They argue for a broader policy agenda and for a much more active role for the state within what is largely a market economy. Finally, they stress that Africa must, and can, compete in an increasingly globalized world and, perhaps most importantly, that Africans must assume the leading role in defining the continent's development agenda.

Economic Liberalization Via IMF Structural Adjustment

Author : Trude Mariane Midtgard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Liberalization Via IMF Structural Adjustment by : Trude Mariane Midtgard

Download or read book Economic Liberalization Via IMF Structural Adjustment written by Trude Mariane Midtgard and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global economic downturn has heightened concerns about intervention by global financial institutions and the maintenance of political stability. At least one, prominently-published article purports to show that signing on to an IMF structural adjustment program (SAP) increases the risk of civil war (Hartzell et al. 2010). The authors claim that IMF SAPs push liberalization, which hurt some people badly enough that they foment civil war. We advance the debate by critically examining their theoretical and empirical evidence, particularly questioning their crucial assumptions about the impact of IMF programs on the economic environment in terms of who actually wins and loses from liberalization and who might be in a position to rebel. With only minor adjustments to their own data, we find just the opposite of what they conclude. We show that their own measure of signing on to an IMF program turns negative and statistically significant if one uses a lower threshold of 25 deaths when defining civil war. These results suggest that their operationalization of the IMF variable as well as the use of large-scale civil war (1000 deaths and above) simply captures the effect of on going conflict rather than the effects of liberalization. After extending the time period under study and making only minor changes to operationalization, we find that at no time does IMF involvement successfully predict civil war onset.

International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021

Author : International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513568817
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021 by : International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department

Download or read book International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021 written by International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-04 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A recovery is underway, but the economic fallout from the global pandemic could be with us for years to come. With the crisis exacerbating prepandemic vulnerabilities, country prospects are diverging. Nearly half of emerging market and developing economies and some middle-income countries are now at risk of falling further behind, undoing much of the progress made toward achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Fiscal Policy and Long-Term Growth

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498344658
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Policy and Long-Term Growth by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Fiscal Policy and Long-Term Growth written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores how fiscal policy can affect medium- to long-term growth. It identifies the main channels through which fiscal policy can influence growth and distills practical lessons for policymakers. The particular mix of policy measures, however, will depend on country-specific conditions, capacities, and preferences. The paper draws on the Fund’s extensive technical assistance on fiscal reforms as well as several analytical studies, including a novel approach for country studies, a statistical analysis of growth accelerations following fiscal reforms, and simulations of an endogenous growth model.

The IMF and the South

Author : Dharam P. Ghai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis The IMF and the South by : Dharam P. Ghai

Download or read book The IMF and the South written by Dharam P. Ghai and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Economic and Financial Crises in Emerging Market Economies

Author : Martin Feldstein
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226241106
Total Pages : 541 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic and Financial Crises in Emerging Market Economies by : Martin Feldstein

Download or read book Economic and Financial Crises in Emerging Market Economies written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1990s, economic and financial crises raged through East Asia, devastating economies that had previously been considered among the strongest in the developing world. The crises eventually spread to Russia, Turkey, and Latin America, and impacted the economies of many industrialized nations as well. In today's increasingly interdependent world, finding ways to reduce the risk of future crises—and to improve the management of crises when they occur—has become an international policy challenge of paramount importance. This book rises to that challenge, presenting accessible papers and commentaries on the topic not only from leading academic economists, but also from high-ranking government officials (in both industrial and developing nations), senior policymakers at international institutions, and major financial investors. Six non-technical papers, each written by a specialist in the topic, provide essential economic background, introducing sections on exchange rate regimes, financial policies, industrial country policies, IMF stabilization policies, IMF structural programs, and creditor relations. Next, personal statements from the major players give firsthand accounts of what really went on behind the scenes during the crises, giving us a rare glimpse into how international economic policy decisions are actually made. Finally, wide-ranging discussions and debates sparked by these papers and statements are summarized at the end of each section. The result is an indispensable overview of the key issues at work in these crises, written by the people who move markets and reshape economies, and accessible to not just economists and policymakers, but also to educated general readers. Contributors: Montek S. Ahluwalia, Domingo F. Cavallo, William R. Cline, Andrew Crockett, Michael P. Dooley, Sebastian Edwards, Stanley Fischer, Arminio Fraga, Jeffrey Frankel, Jacob Frenkel, Timothy F. Geithner, Morris Goldstein, Paul Keating, Mervyn King, Anne O. Krueger, Roberto Mendoza, Frederic S. Mishkin, Guillermo Ortiz, Yung Chul Park, Nouriel Roubini, Robert Rubin, Jeffrey Sachs, Ammar Siamwalla, George Soros

The Labor Market and Economic Adjustment

Author : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451854781
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis The Labor Market and Economic Adjustment by : Pierre-Richard Agénor

Download or read book The Labor Market and Economic Adjustment written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-11-01 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the role of the labor market in the transmission process of adjustment policies in developing countries. It begins by reviewing the recent evidence regarding the functioning of these markets. It then studies the implications of wage inertia, nominal contracts, labor market segmentation, and impediments to labor mobility for stabilization policies. The effect of labor market reforms on economic flexibility and the channels through which labor market imperfections alter the effects of structural adjustment measures are discussed next. The last part of the paper identifies a variety of issues that may require further investigation, such as the link between changes in relative wages and the distributional effects of adjustment policies.

Avalanche of Structural Adjustment Programs in Third World by the IMF and World Bank

Author : Austin M. Chakaodza
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789186702403
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Avalanche of Structural Adjustment Programs in Third World by the IMF and World Bank by : Austin M. Chakaodza

Download or read book Avalanche of Structural Adjustment Programs in Third World by the IMF and World Bank written by Austin M. Chakaodza and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fiscal Adjustment for Stability and Growth

Author : Mr.James Daniel
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781589065130
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (651 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Adjustment for Stability and Growth by : Mr.James Daniel

Download or read book Fiscal Adjustment for Stability and Growth written by Mr.James Daniel and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-08-17 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pamphlet (which updates the 1995 Guidelines for Fiscal Adjustment) presents the IMF’s approach to fiscal adjustment, and focuses on the role that sound government finances play in promoting macroeconomic stability and growth. Structured around five practical questions—when to adjust, how to assess the fiscal position, what makes for successful adjustment, how to carry out adjustment, and which institutions can help—it covers topics such as tax policies, debt sustainability, fiscal responsibility laws, and transparency.

Globalization and Health

Author : Ronald Labonté
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135850097
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (358 download)

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Book Synopsis Globalization and Health by : Ronald Labonté

Download or read book Globalization and Health written by Ronald Labonté and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-05-07 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary globalization has had tremendous impact on health equity across the globe. However, no volume has systematically analyzed the relationship between globalization and global trends in health outcomes. This book consolidates and updates the findings of a global research project undertaken by the Globalisation Knowledge Network (GKN) of the World Health Organization’s Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Chapters examine such questions as: How has trade liberalisation affected the social determinants of health? How has globalization affected food security, nutrition and equitable access to water and sanitation? How well do present global governance structures take account of the health equity effects associated with the social determinants of health? This landmark volume will be a necessary addition for researchers and scholars studying the field of globalization, health and social policy, and public health across the social sciences.