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Effect Of Herd Environment On The Genetic And Phenotypic Relationship Among Milk Yield Fertility And Somatic Cell Score In Holstein Cattle
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Book Synopsis Effect of Herd Environment on the Genetic and Phenotypic Relationship Among Milk Yield, Fertility, and Somatic Cell Score in Holstein Cattle by : Héctor Juárez Castillo
Download or read book Effect of Herd Environment on the Genetic and Phenotypic Relationship Among Milk Yield, Fertility, and Somatic Cell Score in Holstein Cattle written by Héctor Juárez Castillo and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Herd Environment on the Genetic and Phenotypic Relationships Among Milk Yield, Fertility, and Somatic Cell Score in Holstein Cattle by : Hector Juarez Castillo
Download or read book Effect of Herd Environment on the Genetic and Phenotypic Relationships Among Milk Yield, Fertility, and Somatic Cell Score in Holstein Cattle written by Hector Juarez Castillo and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of 248,230 first parity records of Holstein cows calving from 1987 to 1994, daughters of 588 sires in 3,042 herds were used to evaluate genotype by environment interactions in mature equivalent milk yield (MEM), lactation mean somatic cell score (LMSCS), and conception rate at first service (CRFS). Herds were classified into low and high management groups using three different criteria to differentiate production environments. Phenotypic means for MEM and body weight at first calving were greater in high than in low management herds, while low management herds had higher phenotypic means for LMSCS, CRFS, and age at first calving than high management herds. Genetic parameters were modeled using multiple trait linear models. For the complete data set heritability estimates for MEM, LMSCS, and CRFS, were 0.276, 0.103, and 0.015. Heritabilities and genetic and phenotypic correlations were consistent regardless of the environmental classification criteria. For low management herds, heritabilities for MEM, LMSCS, and CRFS averaged 0.232, 0.101, and 0.020, while for high management herds average heritabilities were 0.283, 0.097, and 0.009. For the low management herds, genetic (and phenotypic) correlations between MEM and LMSCS, MEM and CRFS, LMSCS and CRFS averaged 0.247, $-$0.407, and $-$0.228, ($-$0.055, $-$0.174, and $-$0.037), while for the high management herds they averaged 0.178, $-$0.304, and $-$0.139, ($-$0.089, $-$0.171, and $-$0.034). The genetic correlations between pairs of traits were consistently lower in high than in low management groups, suggesting a genotype by environment interaction. These changes suggest that differences of management between the two management levels reduces considerably the antagonistic genetic association between the traits studied. Breeding programs designed to increase milk yield at the same time that to reduce the genetic increase of LMSCS and the rate of genetic deterioration of CRFS must take into account the magnitude of the differences in the expected correlated responses in LMSCS and CRFS in the two levels of management.
Book Synopsis The Genetics of Cattle, 2nd Edition by : Dorian Garrick
Download or read book The Genetics of Cattle, 2nd Edition written by Dorian Garrick and published by CABI. This book was released on 2014-11-28 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the time of domestication more than 10,000 years ago, cattle have played an increasingly crucial role in the development of human civilizations. Progress has been quite remarkable since the turn of the century; the sequencing of the bovine genome in 2009 launched new avenues for furthering our understanding of theoretical and practical aspects of cattle genetics. Covering a vast array of questions, this book reviews major topics from molecular and developmental genetics, disease resistance and immunogenetics to genetic improvement of dairy and beef breeds, addressing all current problems in the field. This second edition includes a new team of authors and completely new chapters on the genetics of fat production, nutrition, feed intake and efficiency, growth and body composition. Fully updated throughout, it provides a valuable resource on cattle genetics for researchers, breeders, veterinarians and postgraduate students.
Book Synopsis Advances in Breeding of Dairy Cattle by : Julius Van der Werf
Download or read book Advances in Breeding of Dairy Cattle written by Julius Van der Werf and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genetic Analysis of Daily Milk Yield Variability in Holstein Dairy Cattle by : Victoria Moncur
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Daily Milk Yield Variability in Holstein Dairy Cattle written by Victoria Moncur and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increased availability of daily milk yield measurements, data exists for analyses of additional traits that could be related to health and fertility. The objective of this thesis was to determine if day-to-day variation in milk yield is heritable, how it is correlated with daily milk yield (dMY), and how it is correlated with commonly measured production, health, and fertility traits. 789,266 dMY records were retrieved from 5 to 305 days in milk (DIM) for 2,366 lactations among 1,184 Holsteins. dMY was merged with the previous days milk yield (pMY) to derive the absolute value of dMY - pMY (ABS), and relative change in milk yield (REL), which was ABS/pMY. The average REL, ABS and dMY for four lactation segments were calculated and included in a series of single-step genomic evaluations in ASReml. Three-trait models with lactation segments of 5 to 50 DIM, 51 to 100 DIM, and 101 to 200 DIM were fit separately for dMY, ABS, and REL; this was followed by a series of two-trait models of DIM 5 to 200 with one of 5 to 50 DIM, 51 to 100 DIM, or 101 to 200 DIM for dMY, ABS, and REL. Finally, a three-trait model of dMY, ABS, and REL from 5 to 200 DIM was fit. The fixed effects included lactation group (lactations 1, 2, 3), age at calving, and year-season of calving while the random effects included the genomic relationship effect, permanent environment, and residual error. The genomic relationship matrix was generated with PREGSF90 and included 7007 animals of which 516 had 40K SNP genotypes and phenotypic records. Genomic estimated breeding values (gEBV) for dMY, ABS, and REL from 642 cows with genotypes were merged with their official genomic predicted transmitting abilities (gPTA) for several traits from Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding national genetic evaluations. All traits were heritable across all segments with dMY generally having the highest heritability (23% for 5 to 200 DIM) and REL having the lowest (16% for 5 to 200 DIM). Genetic correlations within trait indicated that variable milk yield in early lactation was strongly correlated with variable day-to-day yield for the remainder of lactation. Variation defined as ABS was strongly correlated with both dMY (0.73 from 5 to 200 DIM) and REL (0.62 from 5 to 200 DIM), where dMY and REL were independent (-0.08 from 5 to 200 DIM). Higher gEBV for dMY, ABS, or REL was unfavorably correlated with gPTA for health and fertility traits such as daughter pregnancy rate or somatic cell score. In conclusion, daily milk yield variability was heritable, and REL was more independent of milk yield than ABS. Milk yield variability was also associated with unfavorable health and fertility outcomes. Genome wide association analysis suggests that milk yield variability is largely polygenic but with some influence from major genes.
Book Synopsis Fertility in the High Producing Dairy Cow by : M. G. Diskin
Download or read book Fertility in the High Producing Dairy Cow written by M. G. Diskin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genetic and Phenotypic Relationships Among Yields of Milk and Its Components in Dairy Cattle by : Arden Ray Hardie
Download or read book Genetic and Phenotypic Relationships Among Yields of Milk and Its Components in Dairy Cattle written by Arden Ray Hardie and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Resource Allocation Theory Applied to Farm Animal Production by : Wendy M. Rauw
Download or read book Resource Allocation Theory Applied to Farm Animal Production written by Wendy M. Rauw and published by CABI. This book was released on 2009 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about resource allocation matters with the aim to further development thoughts and models on resource allocation applied to livestock production. It contains 18 chapters divided into 4 parts which discuss resources and resource allocation patterns, trade-offs, metabolic constraints to resource allocation and the process of homeorhesis with a special emphasis to homeorhesis during heat stress; the relationship between food intake and resources allocated to body maintenance, growth, reproduction and the immune response; the consequences of high production efficiency in pigs, poultry and dairy cattle and the consequences of improved production by means of biological engineering and options to include resource allocation matters in the breeding objective, animal welfare and in resource allocation modelling.
Book Synopsis Genetic Data Analysis for Plant and Animal Breeding by : Fikret Isik
Download or read book Genetic Data Analysis for Plant and Animal Breeding written by Fikret Isik and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-09 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book fills the gap between textbooks of quantitative genetic theory, and software manuals that provide details on analytical methods but little context or perspective on which methods may be most appropriate for a particular application. Accordingly this book is composed of two sections. The first section (Chapters 1 to 8) covers topics of classical phenotypic data analysis for prediction of breeding values in animal and plant breeding programs. In the second section (Chapters 9 to 13) we provide the concept and overall review of available tools for using DNA markers for predictions of genetic merits in breeding populations. With advances in DNA sequencing technologies, genomic data, especially single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, have become available for animal and plant breeding programs in recent years. Analysis of DNA markers for prediction of genetic merit is a relatively new and active research area. The algorithms and software to implement these algorithms are changing rapidly. This section represents state-of-the-art knowledge on the tools and technologies available for genetic analysis of plants and animals. However, readers should be aware that the methods or statistical packages covered here may not be available or they might be out of date in a few years. Ultimately the book is intended for professional breeders interested in utilizing these tools and approaches in their breeding programs. Lastly, we anticipate the usage of this volume for advanced level graduate courses in agricultural and breeding courses.
Book Synopsis Organic Dairy Production by : Sarah Flack
Download or read book Organic Dairy Production written by Sarah Flack and published by Chelsea Green Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no simple recipe for setting up and managing a successful organic dairy farm, but this handbook can act as an introduction to important issues in organic dairy production and provide today's organic or transitioning dairy farmer with an overview of the tools and ideas available. Part of the NOFA guides. Organic Dairy Production includes information on: Soils, the foundation of health (manure management) Crop production and grazing management (forage species, pasture management, setting up a grazing system) Livestock (selection, nutrition, winter and summer feed considerations, seasonal milking, habitat, herd health, milk quality) Marketing (selling fluid milk, regulations, facility and equipment, selling raw milk) Recordkeeping The transition to organic Features examples from various farms in the Northeast.
Book Synopsis Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits by : Bruce Walsh
Download or read book Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits written by Bruce Walsh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 1504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative traits-be they morphological or physiological characters, aspects of behavior, or genome-level features such as the amount of RNA or protein expression for a specific gene-usually show considerable variation within and among populations. Quantitative genetics, also referred to as the genetics of complex traits, is the study of such characters and is based on mathematical models of evolution in which many genes influence the trait and in which non-genetic factors may also be important. Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits presents a holistic treatment of the subject, showing the interplay between theory and data with extensive discussions on statistical issues relating to the estimation of the biologically relevant parameters for these models. Quantitative genetics is viewed as the bridge between complex mathematical models of trait evolution and real-world data, and the authors have clearly framed their treatment as such. This is the second volume in a planned trilogy that summarizes the modern field of quantitative genetics, informed by empirical observations from wide-ranging fields (agriculture, evolution, ecology, and human biology) as well as population genetics, statistical theory, mathematical modeling, genetics, and genomics. Whilst volume 1 (1998) dealt with the genetics of such traits, the main focus of volume 2 is on their evolution, with a special emphasis on detecting selection (ranging from the use of genomic and historical data through to ecological field data) and examining its consequences.
Book Synopsis Sustainable animal production by : A. Aland
Download or read book Sustainable animal production written by A. Aland and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-09-04 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of sustainability in animal production is becoming increasingly necessary since the global demand for food is expected to dramatically increase in the coming decades. In this context, raising animals for the production of food will become increasingly challenging. Farm animals should not adversely compete with humans for their own sustenance, and food of animal origin should be safe and affordable. The production of healthy animals will therefore be a prerequisite. Such animals will efficiently convert their feed into food that can be certified as nutritive and safe. In addition there is growing evidence that there should be a focus on animal welfare, and environmental pollution related to animal farming must be minimized. Indeed the equation to resolve the constraints on animal production is complex and multifactorial. It is inarguable that the environment and the feed that is offered to animals, are key elements of sustainability in livestock and poultry production. This book addresses the major issues related to animal health and welfare maintenance in relation to their environment, as well as housing emissions and waste management. Experiments, reviews and expert opinions and scenarios for the future are presented. Each of the chapters has been written by scientists with international reputations. The language used, and the examples and the illustrations provided, make it easy to read. The book is of major and current interest to teachers and students in animal and veterinary sciences and to professionals: veterinarians, farm managers, agricultural advisers worldwide.
Book Synopsis Welfare of production animals: assessment and management of risks by : Frans J.M. Smulders
Download or read book Welfare of production animals: assessment and management of risks written by Frans J.M. Smulders and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-09-04 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, the fifth in the series 'Food Safety Assurance and Veterinary Public Health', has been conceived by a total of 33 internationally recognised experts from 11 different countries in Europe and from the USA, Canada and Australia, with backgrounds ranging from veterinary medicine, animal science, biology and microbiology to psychology, philosophy and ethics. It provides an up-to-date overview of the science of animal welfare and its assessment, of options for the assessment and management of risks for the welfare of production animals, and of the ramifications these may have for the safety of foods of animal origin. This volume is targeted at veterinary practitioners, official veterinarians in a control function, animal and food scientists, welfare scientists, students in animal welfare, auditing and inspection officials and risk managers at all levels of animal production. Other publications in the Food Safety Assurance and Veterinary Public Health series are: * Volume 1. Food safety assurance in the pre-harvest phase * Volume 2. Safety assurance during food processing * Volume 3. Risk management strategies: monitoring and surveillance * Volume 4. Towards a risk-based chain control
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mastitis in dairy production by : H. Hogeveen
Download or read book Mastitis in dairy production written by H. Hogeveen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Worldwide, mastitis is still one of the most important diseases in the dairy sector. Being a multifactorial disease, caused by multiple pathogens, control remains a difficult issue. Mastitis not only affects the health of milk-producing animals, having consequences for the profitability of dairy farms, it also affects the animal welfare. Moreover, mastitis negatively influences the milk quality having consequences for the dairy processing industry. In other words: mastitis affects a large part of the dairy production chain. Due to ongoing scientific effort, insight in mastitis in the context of increasingly complex farming systems, is improving. This insight leads to better methods to control mastitis, either by prevention or by adequate measures (e.g. therapy) when a cow (or goat or sheep) gets mastitis. This book reflects the current knowledge from all over the world on mastitis as it was presented during the 4th IDF International Mastitis Conference, held in June 2005 in Maastricht, the Netherlands. The papers of the 115 oral presentations and the 13 keynote presentations are reflecting not only the current knowledge of mastitis control but are also giving ideas for future solutions for control measures.
Book Synopsis Condition Scoring of Cattle by : B. G. Lowman
Download or read book Condition Scoring of Cattle written by B. G. Lowman and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) - Production and Research by : Giorgio A. Presicce
Download or read book The Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) - Production and Research written by Giorgio A. Presicce and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook aims at focusing on the husbandry of the common water buffalo, (Bubalis bubalis). The book covers a broad range of topics such as the buffalo’s genetic evolution, cytogenetics, subspecies, breed diversification, feeding and metabolic specificity, adaptable response to environmental stress factors, welfare, dairy requirements and production, reproduction and embryo technologies, cryopreservation, sperm cell sexing, somatic cell cloning and transgenesis. Chapters presented and reviewed in this book have been by contributed by renowned scientists that have devoted years of research to the understanding of this species, and highlight the most recent advances in basic and applied science to unveil the understanding of physiological facets intrinsic to this animal species. The depth of the selected topics makes this book especially suited for readers of all academic levels of study. Researchers, students and professionals will find this book a useful guide to breeding and farming the water buffalo.
