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Author : Ogle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Marquis D'Argenson written by Ogle and published by . This book was released on 1893 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard Bonney
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The King's Debts written by Richard Bonney and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1981 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Cornel Zwierlein
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004325182
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)
Download or read book The Dark Side of Knowledge written by Cornel Zwierlein and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-06-10 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can one study the absence of knowledge, the voids, the conscious and unconscious unknowns through history? Investigations into late medieval and early modern practices of measuring, of risk calculation, of ignorance within financial administrations, of conceiving the docta ignorantia as well as the silence of the illiterate are combined with contributions regarding knowledge gaps within identification procedures and political decision-making, with the emergence of consciously delimited blanks on geographical maps, with ignorance as a factor embedded in iconographic programs, in translation processes and the semantic potentials of reading. Based on thorough archival analysis, these selected contributions from conferences at Harvard and Paris are tightly framed by new theoretical elaborations that have implications beyond these cases and epochal focus. Contributors: Giovanni Ceccarelli, Taylor Cowdery, Lucile Haguet, John T. Hamilton, Lucian Hölscher, Moritz Isenmann, Adam J. Kosto, Marie-Laure Legay, Andrew McKenzie-McHarg, Fabrice Micallef, William T. O ́Reilly, Eleonora Rohland, Mathias Schmoeckel, Daniel L. Smail, Govind P. Sreenivasan, and Cornel Zwierlein.
Author : A. Rosenberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401027552
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Tyssot De Patot and His Work 1655 – 1738 written by A. Rosenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the novel, V oyages el avantures de] aques Masse, caused some thing of a stir during the first half of the eighteenth century, its author, Simon Tyssot de Patot (1655-1738), remained largely unknown in his lifetime, and it is only in this century that he has been recognized as one of the countless soldiers in the vast army of philosophes that assaulted the bastions of religious, political and sodallife in Europe of the late seven 1 teenth and early eighteenth centuries. Tyssot was a Huguenot who lived most of his life in Holland where he pursued a career as professor of mathematics in the sodal and cultural 1 Tyssot and his work seem to have been first brought to the attention of modem writers by the German critics during their investigation of the type of desert island or robinsonade literature that preceded and followed Defoe's Robinson Crusoe. The earliest reference I have found occurs in A. Kippenberg, Robinson in Deutschland bis zur Insel Felsenburg (1713-43), Hanover, 1892, pp. 66-67. Tyssot's name and work appear to have been first linked with the development of socialism in A. Lichtenberger, Le Socialisme au XVIIIe siecle, Paris, 1895, p. 44. Tyssot's Voyages et avantures de]aques Masse was discussed for its literary merits in A. LeBreton, Le Roman au dix huitieme siecle, Paris, 1898. LeBreton did not know that Tyssot was the author.
Author : Xavier de Planhol
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521322089
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (22 download)
Download or read book An Historical Geography of France written by Xavier de Planhol and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-03-17 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this 1994 book, Xavier de Planhol and Paul Claval, two of France's leading scholars in the field, trace the historical geography of their country from its roots in the Roman province of Gaul to the 1990s. They demonstrate how, for centuries, France was little more than an ideological concept, despite its natural physical boundaries and long territorial history. They examine the relatively late development of a more complex territorial geography, involving political, religious, cultural, agricultural and industrial unities and diversities. The conclusion reached is that only in the twentieth century had France achieved a profound territorial unity and only now are the fragmentations of the past being overwritten.
Author : William Doyle
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9780198205364
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)
Download or read book Venality written by William Doyle and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1996 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In ancien regime France almost all posts of public responsibility had to be bought or inherited. Rather than tax their richer subjects directly, French kings preferred to sell them privileged public offices, which further payments allowed them to sell or bequeath at will. By the eighteenthcentury there were 70,000 venal offices, comprising the entire judiciary, most of the legal profession, officers in the army, and a wide range of other professions - from financiers handling the king's revenues down to auctioneers and even wigmakers. Though now yielding diminishing returns to theking, offices were more in demand than ever for the privileges and prestige, profit and power, that they conferred; and although it was widely accepted that selling public authority was undesirable, nobody imagined that those who had invested in offices could ever be bought out. The Revolutionbrought an unexpected opportunity to do so, but the legacy of venality has marked French institutions down to our day. William Doyle, one of the foremost historians of early modern Europe, has written the first comprehensive history of the last century of venality. He traces the evolution and dissolution of a system which was fundamental to the workings of state and society in France for over threecenturies.
Author : Cynthia Bouton
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 0271042109
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)
Download or read book The Flour War written by Cynthia Bouton and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the spring of 1775, a series of food riots shook the villages and countryside around Paris. For decades France had been free of famine, but the fall grain harvest had been meager, and the government of the newly crowned King Louis XVI had issued an untimely edict allowing the free commerce of grain within the kingdom. Prices skyrocketed, causing riots to break out in April, first in the market town of Beaumont-sur-Oise, then sweeping through the Paris Basin for the next three weeks. Known as the Flour War, or the guerre des farines, these riots are the subject of Cynthia Bouton's fascinating study. Building upon French historian George Rud&é's pioneering work, Bouton identifies communities of participants and victims in the Flour War, analyzing them according to class, occupation, gender, and location. As typically happened, crowds of common people (menu peuple) confronted those who controlled the grain-bakers, merchants, millers, cultivators, and local authorities. Bouton asks why women of the menu peuple were heavily represented in the riots, often assuming crucial roles as instigators and leaders. In most instances, the people did not steal the provisions but forced those they cornered to sell at a price the rioters deemed &"just.&" Bouton examines this phenomenon, known as taxation populaire, and considers the growing &"sophistication of purpose&" of rioters by placing the Flour War within the larger context of food riots in early modern Europe.
Author : Walter W. Davis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401192413
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Joseph II written by Walter W. Davis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been said that never has a monarch so narrowly missed "greatness" as did the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II. An idealistic, sincere, and hardworking monarch whose ultilitarian bent, humanitarian instincts, and ambitious programs of reform in every area of public concern have prompted historians to term him an "enlightened despot," "revolutionary Emperor," "philosopher on a throne," and a ruler ahead of his time, Joseph has also been condemned for being insensitive to the phobias and follies of his subjects, essentially unrealistic, almost utopian, in establishing his goals, and dogmatic and overly precipitous in trying to achieve them. Efforts to analyze and explain the actions of this complex and controversial personality have involved a number of savants in investigations of "Josephinism" (or as I prefer to call it, "Josephism"), dealing in great detail with the motiva tions, substance, and influence of his innovations. The roots of Josephism run deep, but can be observed emerging here and there from the intellectual and political soil that nourished them, before joining the central trunk of the system formulated during the latter years of Maria Theresa's reign to grow to an ephemeral and stunted maturity under Joseph II.
Author : Thomas Nugent
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (481 download)
Download or read book A New Pocket Dictionary of the French and English Languages in Two Parts written by Thomas Nugent and published by . This book was released on 1770 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Voltaire
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1627933212
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (279 download)
Download or read book Orestes written by Voltaire and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-08-02 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Orestes was produced in 1750, an experiment which intensely interested the literary world and the public. In his Dedicatory Letters to the Duchess of Maine, Voltaire has the following passage on the Greek drama: "We should not, I acknowledge, endeavor to imitate what is weak and defective in the ancients: it is most probable that their faults were well known to their contemporaries. I am satisfied, Madam, that the wits of Athens condemned, as well as you, some of those repetitions, and some declamations with which Sophocles has loaded his Electra: they must have observed that he had not dived deep enough into the human heart. I will moreover fairly confess, that there are beauties peculiar not only to the Greek language, but to the climate, to manners and times, which it would be ridiculous to transplant hither. Therefore I have not copied exactly the Electra of Sophocles-much more I knew would be necessary; but I have taken, as well as I could, all the spirit and substance of it."
Author : J. F. Bosher
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521077644
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (776 download)
Download or read book French Finances 1770-1795 written by J. F. Bosher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1970-11-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The monarchy of Louis XVI suffered revolution and then destruction after failing to settle its financial difficulties. What precisely were those difficulties? In this book, Professor Bosher shows that the monarchy was financed by a chaotic system of private enterprise which proved increasingly unmanageable and wasteful. Hundreds of profit-seeking accountants - 'capitalists', in the language of the time - stood in the way of reform and even of clear accounting until governments of the French Revolution eventually nationalized the financial system and changed it 'from capitalism into a bureaucracy'. From his close study of the administrative changes Professor Bosher concludes that the National Assembly planned to guard the public finances by bureaucratic organization. 'With a vision of mechanical efficiency and articulation', he writes, 'systems of clock-like checks and balances such as eighteenth-century Frenchmen found everywhere, even in nature itself, the revolutionary planners hoped to prevent corruption, putting their faith in the virtues of organization to offset the vices of the individual men.'
Author : William Dugdale
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Baronage of England written by William Dugdale and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wout Jac. van Bekkum
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Strategies of Medieval Communal Identity written by Wout Jac. van Bekkum and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading theme of this collection of essays and studies is the diversity of aspects of medieval communal identity. While the authors were selected for the very diversity of their interests, their final papers do tend to cohere around some recurrent themes. All of the studies in this volume touch upon one or more of the complex issues that lie at the heart of religious identity in the Middle Ages. They do so through concrete study of the very real practices by which medieval Jews, Christians and Muslims could police the perimeters of their spiritual communities. The authors were especially urged to note instances where religious identity was shaped without reference to dogmas, creeds, or sacred law. In no case are any of these papers satisfied with normative, legal definitions of Jew, Christian, or Muslim in medieval times. Sometimes small and subtle, sometimes explicit, dire, and violent, the techniques that emerge from these studies testify to the diversity of strategies of medieval communal identity over space and their changes over time.
Author : Pierre Goubert
Publisher : Phoenix
ISBN 13 : 9781857999433
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (994 download)
Download or read book The Ancien Régime written by Pierre Goubert and published by Phoenix. This book was released on 1997 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on 25 years of research this analysis of French society from 1600 to 1750 casts a fresh light on a traditional society. It is a facinating portrait of a complex and multilayered nation in a time of tremendous change.
Author : Jean F. Tulard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780828824910
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (249 download)
Download or read book Dictionnaire Napoleon written by Jean F. Tulard and published by . This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)
Download or read book Arrest Du Conseil D'État Du Roi written by and published by . This book was released on 1776 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
