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Ecology And Evolution In Anoxic Worlds
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Book Synopsis Ecology and Evolution in Anoxic Worlds by : Tom Fenchel
Download or read book Ecology and Evolution in Anoxic Worlds written by Tom Fenchel and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1995 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interactions with the oxic world are explored in the last chapter. The ecological and evolutionary significance of the arrival of oxygen in the Proterozoic is discussed in detail, especially as it eventually led to the possibility of long food chains.
Book Synopsis Ecology and Evolution in Anoxic Worlds by : Tom Fenchel
Download or read book Ecology and Evolution in Anoxic Worlds written by Tom Fenchel and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1995 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interactions with the oxic world are explored in the last chapter. The ecological and evolutionary significance of the arrival of oxygen in the Proterozoic is discussed in detail, especially as it eventually led to the possibility of long food chains.
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Ecology by : Anne E. Magurran
Download or read book Evolutionary Ecology written by Anne E. Magurran and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-25 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Trinidadian guppy represents a uniguely tractable vertebrate system, which has raised key questions in evolutionary ecology and supplied many of the answers. This work discusses this study and incorporates significant new findings and insights.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Ecology and Evolutionary Biology by : Otso Ovaskainen
Download or read book Quantitative Ecology and Evolutionary Biology written by Otso Ovaskainen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an integration of empirical data and theory in quantitative ecology and evolution through the use of mathematical models and statistical methods.
Book Synopsis Parasites and the Behavior of Animals by : Janice Moore
Download or read book Parasites and the Behavior of Animals written by Janice Moore and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-01-31 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a parasite invades an ant, does the ant behave like other ants? Maybe not-and if it doesn't, who, if anyone, benefits from the altered behaviors? The parasite? The ant? Parasites and the Behavior of Animals shows that parasite-induced behavioral alterations are more common than we might realize, and it places these alterations in an evolutionary and ecological context. Emphasizing eukaryotic parasites, the book examines the adaptive nature of behavioral changes associated with parasitism, exploring the effects of these changes on parasite transmission, parasite avoidance, and the fitness of both host and parasite. The behavioral changes and their effects are not always straightforward. To the extent that virulence, for instance, is linked to parasite transmission, the evolutionary interests of parasite and host will diverge, and the current winner of the contest to maximize reproductive rates may not be clear, or, for that matter, inevitable. Nonetheless, by affecting susceptibility, host/parasite lifespan and fecundity, and transmission itself, host behavior influences parameters that are basic to our comprehension of how parasites invade host populations, and fundamentally, how parasites evolve. Such an understanding is important for a wide range of scientists, from ecologists and parasitologists to evolutionary, conservation and behavioral biologists: The behavioral alterations that parasites induce can subtly and profoundly affect the distribution and abundance of animals.
Book Synopsis The Evolutionary Strategies that Shape Ecosystems by : J. Philip Grime
Download or read book The Evolutionary Strategies that Shape Ecosystems written by J. Philip Grime and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-26 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE EVOLUTIONARY STRATEGIES THAT SHAPE ECOSYSTEMS In 1837 a young Charles Darwin took his notebook, wrote “I think”, and then sketched a rudimentary, stick-like tree. Each branch of Darwin’s tree of life told a story of survival and adaptation – adaptation of animals and plants not just to the environment but also to life with other living things. However, more than 150 years since Darwin published his singular idea of natural selection, the science of ecology has yet to account for how contrasting evolutionary outcomes affect the ability of organisms to coexist in communities and to regulate ecosystem functioning. In this book Philip Grime and Simon Pierce explain how evidence from across the world is revealing that, beneath the wealth of apparently limitless and bewildering variation in detailed structure and functioning, the essential biology of all organisms is subject to the same set of basic interacting constraints on life-history and physiology. The inescapable resulting predicament during the evolution of every species is that, according to habitat, each must adopt a predictable compromise with regard to how they use the resources at their disposal in order to survive. The compromise involves the investment of resources in either the effort to acquire more resources, the tolerance of factors that reduce metabolic performance, or reproduction. This three-way trade-off is the irreducible core of the universal adaptive strategy theory which Grime and Pierce use to investigate how two environmental filters selecting, respectively, for convergence and divergence in organism function determine the identity of organisms in communities, and ultimately how different evolutionary strategies affect the functioning of ecosystems. This book refl ects an historic phase in which evolutionary processes are finally moving centre stage in the effort to unify ecological theory, and animal, plant and microbial ecology have begun to find a common theoretical framework. Companion website This book has a companion website www.wiley.com/go/grime/evolutionarystrategies with Figures and Tables from the book for downloading.
Book Synopsis The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host-Parasitoid Interactions by : Michael Hassell
Download or read book The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host-Parasitoid Interactions written by Michael Hassell and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2000-06-08 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines our current understanding of the population dynamics of one kind of interaction - that between insect parasitoids and their hosts. Parasitoids are amongst the most abundant of all animals, and make up about 10% or more of metazoan species. Almost no insect species escape their attack. Host-parasitoid interactions were first modelled over fifty years ago, but for many years there was little good empirical information on the important factors that affect host and parasitoid populations. The models were very simple, and their predictions rather divorced from the complexity of what was visible in the field. Now, better data is available on many components of host-parasitoid systems, from field observations and laboratory and field experiments, and this allows a much closer correspondence between models and data. In particular, the past twenty years have seen major advances in our understanding of how host-parasitoid interactions are influenced by spatial processes, by age-structure effects, and by competition from additional host and parasitoid species. The result is a body of theory that makes direct contact with real systems in the field, and provides us with a detailed understanding of what underpins a whole area of population dynamics. In this book, Michael P Hassell pulls the theory and field data together to present an elegant illustration of the way in which ecological studies advance.
Book Synopsis The Origin, Expansion, and Demise of Plant Species by : Donald A. Levin
Download or read book The Origin, Expansion, and Demise of Plant Species written by Donald A. Levin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-05-04 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining insights from observation, experimentation, and theory, The Origin, Expansion, and Demise of Plant Species offers a broad overview of species as dynamic entities that arise, have unique evolutionary histories, and ultimately go extinct. It begins with a review of species concepts and the exposition of a new concept; it then addresses plant speciation, the expansion of species from their narrow centers of origin, intraspecific differentiation, and contact zones between differentiated population systems. Special attention is given to the breakdown of cohesion among populations by reproductive and spatial barriers. Also, the ecological and genetic properties of small populations and fragmented population systems are discussed with a focus on the role of hybridization in the demise of species. It ends with an exploration of the longevity of species and the tempo of diversification, contrasting different groups of plants in these respects as well as in rates of chromosomal differentiation. This book provides a new synthesis of evolutionary biology and ecology. It examines species from their origins, then follows them through their expansion, differentiation and loss of cohesion, and decline and extinction. The stages in the lives of species are viewed through ecological and genetic theory, and topics typically addressed independently are woven into a continuous fabric. As the first synthetic treatment of the stages through which plant species pass, this book is very useful for botanists, evolutionary biologists, conservation biologists, as well as all curious students of the biological sciences.
Book Synopsis The Structure and Dynamics of Geographic Ranges by : Kevin J. Gaston
Download or read book The Structure and Dynamics of Geographic Ranges written by Kevin J. Gaston and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2003-05-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No species occurs everywhere. Indeed, the majority are absent from most places, and where they do occur they are usually quite rare. Gaston discusses the structure of these distributions - the structure of the geographic ranges of species. Gaston is particularly concerned with the factors that determine the limits to a species' geographic range, how the sizes of those ranges vary, and patterns in that variation. Also considered are the distribution of individuals amongst those sites where a species does occur and what determines that distribution, and some of the practical implications of all these. Both in a pure and applied context, ecologists need a broader perspective on their subject matter than has historically prevailed. This book provides one such perspective. A must have book for any researchers and graduate students studying macroecology, biogeography and conservation biology.
Book Synopsis The Changing Wildlife of Great Britain and Ireland by : David L. Hawksworth
Download or read book The Changing Wildlife of Great Britain and Ireland written by David L. Hawksworth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-06-26 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Periodic comprehensive overviews of the status of the diverse organisms that make up wildlife are essential to determining trends, threats and future prospects. Just over 25 years ago, leading authorities on different kinds of wildlife came together to prepare an assessment of their status of a wide range of organisms in Great Britain and Ireland i
Book Synopsis Microbes: The Foundation Stone of the Biosphere by : Christon J. Hurst
Download or read book Microbes: The Foundation Stone of the Biosphere written by Christon J. Hurst and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-01 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays discusses fascinating aspects of the concept that microbes are at the root of all ecosystems. The content is divided into seven parts, the first of those emphasizes that microbes not only were the starting point, but sustain the rest of the biosphere and shows how life evolves through a perpetual struggle for habitats and niches. Part II explains the ways in which microbial life persists in some of the most extreme environments, while Part III presents our understanding of the core aspects of microbial metabolism. Part IV examines the duality of the microbial world, acknowledging that life exists as a balance between certain processes that we perceive as being environmentally supportive and others that seem environmentally destructive. In turn, Part V discusses basic aspects of microbial symbioses, including interactions with other microorganisms, plants and animals. The concept of microbial symbiosis as a driving force in evolution is covered in Part VI. In closing, Part VII explores the adventure of microbiological research, including some reminiscences from and perspectives on the lives and careers of microbe hunters. Given its mixture of science and philosophy, the book will appeal to scientists and advanced students of microbiology, evolution and ecology alike.
Book Synopsis Current Themes in Theoretical Biology by : Thomas A.C. Reydon
Download or read book Current Themes in Theoretical Biology written by Thomas A.C. Reydon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-05 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume originated in 2001 when we, together with our publishing editors at (then) Kluwer Academic Publishers, realized that the th following year the 50 volume of our journal Acta Biotheoretica would see the light. We felt that this milestone should not pass unnoticed and that the appropriate way to mark it would be the publication of a special volume of papers on theoretical biology. While editing this book during 2003 and early 2004, we realized that another milestone was not far off: in 2005 it will be 70 years ago that the journal was founded. We hope that the book lying before you will serve well to mark both events. The papers collected here have been written on invitation by representatives of the theoretical biology community in The Netherlands. They are intended to reflect the entire spectrum of topics on which Acta Biotheoretica publishes, ranging from philosophy of biology on one end to mathematical biology on the other. All chapters (except our own introductory one) have been peer reviewed according to the standards that are maintained with respect to regular submissions to Acta Biotheoretica.
Book Synopsis Ecology of Freshwaters by : Brian R. Moss
Download or read book Ecology of Freshwaters written by Brian R. Moss and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-20 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this established textbook, now with full colour illustration, has been extensively revised and continues to provide a comprehensive, stimulating, readable and authoritative coverage of freshwater habitats, their communities and their functioning, the world over. The work will be of great value to undergraduate and graduate students, fellow researchers and water managers, and the plain language and lack of jargon should make it accessible to anyone interested in the functioning and current state of lakes and rivers. Having taught and researched over fifty years and six continents, Professor Brian Moss makes here extensive use of his personal experience as well as the huge literature now available on freshwaters. This is the fifth edition of his textbook, which, since the first edition in 1980, has steadily evolved to reflect a rapidly changing science and environment. It places increasing emphasis on the role of people in damaging and managing freshwaters as we move into the Anthropocene epoch and face unprecedented levels of climate and other changes, whilst rejoicing in the fascination of what are left of near pristine freshwater ecosystems. Professor Moss retired from the University of Liverpool following a career in Africa, the USA and the UK. He was awarded medals by the International Society for Limnology, of which he was President from 2007 to 2013, and The Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management. He was given The Ecology Institute's Excellence in Ecology Prize in 2009 and the book written for that prize, Liberation Ecology, was awarded the British Ecological Society's best ecology book prize in 2013.
Book Synopsis Biological Invasions: Theory and Practice by : Nanako Shigesada
Download or read book Biological Invasions: Theory and Practice written by Nanako Shigesada and published by Oxford University Press, UK. This book was released on 1997-02-06 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the ecological effect a species can have when it moves into an environment that it has not previously occupied (commonly referred to as an 'Invasion'). It is unique in presenting a clear and accessible introduction to a highly complex area - the modelling of biological invasions. The book presents the latest theories and models developed from studies into this crucial area. It includes data and examples from biological case studies showing how the models can be applied to the study of invasions, whether dealing with AIDS, the European rabbit, or prickly pear cactuses. - ;In nature, all organisms migrate or disperse to some extent, either by walking, swimming, flying, or being transported by wind or water. When a species succeeds in colonising an area that it has not previously inhabited, this is referred to as an `invasion'. Humans can precipitate biological invasions often spreading disease or pests by their travels around the world. Using the large amount of data that has been collected from studies worldwide, ranging from pest control to epidemiology, it has been possible to construct mathematical models that can predict which species will become an invader, what kind of habitat is susceptible to invasion by a particular species, and how fast an invasion will spread if it occurs. This book presents a clear and accessible introduction to this highly complex area. Included are data and examples from biological case studies showing how these models can be applied to the study of invasions, whether dealing with AIDS, the European rabbit, or prickly pear cactuses. -
Book Synopsis Cooperation Among Animals by : Lee Alan Dugatkin
Download or read book Cooperation Among Animals written by Lee Alan Dugatkin and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the depiction of nature "red in tooth and claw," cooperation is actually widespread in the animal kingdom. Various types of cooperative behaviors have been documented in everything from insects to primates, and in every imaginable ecological scenario. Yet why animals cooperate is still a hotly contested question in literature on evolution and animal behavior. This book examines the history surrounding the study of cooperation, and proceeds to examine the conceptual, theoretical and empirical work on this fascinating subject. Early on, it outlines the four different categories of cooperation -- reciprocal altruism, kinship, group-selected cooperation and byproduct mutualism -- and ties these categories together in a single framework called the Cooperator's Dilemma. Hundreds of studies on cooperation in insects, fish, birds and mammals are reviewed. Cooperation in this wide array of taxa includes, but is not limited to, cooperative hunting, anti-predator behavior, foraging, sexual coalitions, grooming, helpers-at-the nest, territoriality, 'policing' behavior and group thermoregulation. Each example outlined is tied back to the theoretical framework developed early on, whenever the data allows. Future experiments designed to further elucidate a particular type of cooperation are provided throughout the book.
Book Synopsis Algae and Cyanobacteria in Extreme Environments by : Joseph Seckbach
Download or read book Algae and Cyanobacteria in Extreme Environments written by Joseph Seckbach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-25 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays is devoted to algae that are unexpectedly found in harsh habitats. The authors explain how these algae thrive in various temperature ranges, extreme pH values, salt solutions, UV radiation, dryness, heavy metals, anaerobic niches, various levels of illumination, and hydrostatic pressure. Not only do the essays provide clues about life on the edges of the Earth, but possibly elsewhere in the universe as well.
Book Synopsis Respiration in Aquatic Ecosystems by : Paul del Giorgio
Download or read book Respiration in Aquatic Ecosystems written by Paul del Giorgio and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2005-01-06 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the state of knowledge on aquatic respiration, this work provides quantitative information on the magnitude and variation of respiration in the major aquatic ecosystems of the world.
