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Ecological Succession On Fallowed Shifting Cultivation Fields
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Book Synopsis Ecological Succession on Fallowed Shifting Cultivation Fields by : Claudio O. Delang
Download or read book Ecological Succession on Fallowed Shifting Cultivation Fields written by Claudio O. Delang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-20 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book reviews the literature on the ecological succession of plants on fallowed swiddens in tropical forests. Patterns of ecological succession in tropical forests are insufficiently understood, partly because results are scattered through a large number of case studies reported in academic articles. So far, no publication has attempted to bring these different case studies together to identify common patters and trends. The goal of the book is to review the different case studies, and identify common patterns of ecological succession in fallowed swiddens, as well as to pinpoint the factors that cause ecological succession in some areas to differ from those in other areas. The book is organised in four different sections: forest structure, forest diversity, species composition, and the factors that contribute to differences in forest recovery rates (the number of times the field was burned, the length of fallow period, the type of soil, and the type of forest). This book is an important contribution to tropical forestry and shifting cultivation. Deforestation and forest degradation are the largest sources of CO2, and shifting cultivation is one of the main culprits. For this (and other economic and political) reason governments attempt to curtail shifting cultivation by shortening the years the fields can be left fallow, or outright outlawing the farming practice. Yet, there is insufficient understanding of the processes of ecological succession in fallows, which raises the questions as to whether the policy fulfils its objectives.
Book Synopsis Shifting Cultivation and Secondary Succession in the Tropics by : Albert O. Aweto
Download or read book Shifting Cultivation and Secondary Succession in the Tropics written by Albert O. Aweto and published by CABI. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shifting cultivation is the predominant system of arable farming in the humid and sub-humid tropics, where several hundred million people depend on this system of agriculture for their livelihood. This book documents and systematizes findings in shifting cultivation from over the last six decades, including characterizing secondary succession and relating the changes that fallow vegetation undergoes to the process of soil fertility restoration. This book is essential reading for researchers and students of tropical agriculture and related areas.
Book Synopsis Nutrient Dynamics and Early Succession in Fallow Vegetation During the Shifting Cultivation Cycle in Belize, Central America by : Douglas Conrad Brubacher
Download or read book Nutrient Dynamics and Early Succession in Fallow Vegetation During the Shifting Cultivation Cycle in Belize, Central America written by Douglas Conrad Brubacher and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Diversity and Dynamics of Shifting Cultivation by : Lori Ann Thrupp
Download or read book The Diversity and Dynamics of Shifting Cultivation written by Lori Ann Thrupp and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Nature of Shifting Cultivation by : Raymond Frederick Watters
Download or read book The Nature of Shifting Cultivation written by Raymond Frederick Watters and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Ecological Adaptations of Shifting Cultivation and Peasant Agriculture by : Robert Lance Bailey
Download or read book The Ecological Adaptations of Shifting Cultivation and Peasant Agriculture written by Robert Lance Bailey and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shifting Cultivation Policies by : Malcolm Cairns
Download or read book Shifting Cultivation Policies written by Malcolm Cairns and published by CABI. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 1115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shifting cultivation supports around 200 million people in the Asia-Pacific region alone. It is often regarded as a primitive and inefficient form of agriculture that destroys forests, causes soil erosion and robs lowland areas of water. These misconceptions and their policy implications need to be challenged. Swidden farming could support carbon sequestration and conservation of land, biodiversity and cultural heritage. This comprehensive analysis of past and present policy highlights successes and failures and emphasizes the importance of getting it right for the future. This book is enhanced with supplementary resources. The addendum chapters can be found at: www.cabi.org/openresources/91797
Book Synopsis Disturbance and Succession Resulting from Shifting Cultivation in an Upland Rainforest in Indonesian Borneo by : Cynthia Mackie
Download or read book Disturbance and Succession Resulting from Shifting Cultivation in an Upland Rainforest in Indonesian Borneo written by Cynthia Mackie and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Slash and Burn by : William John Peters
Download or read book Slash and Burn written by William John Peters and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Swidden Farming and Fallow Vegetation in Northern Thailand by : Dietrich Schmidt-Vogt
Download or read book Swidden Farming and Fallow Vegetation in Northern Thailand written by Dietrich Schmidt-Vogt and published by Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden GmbH. This book was released on 1999 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gegenstand der Arbeit ist die Vegetation, die sich unter dem Einflu� des Schwendbaus (Swidden farming, Shifting Cultivation) der Bergv�lker im Hochland von Nord-Thailand entwickelt. Ziel der Studie ist die Untersuchung der Artenzusammensetzung, Struktur, Dynamik und Nutzung der Vegetation, vor allem der Sekund�rw�lder, auf Brachfl�chen von ethnischen Gruppen, die unterschiedliche Formen des Schwendbaus betreiben. Dazu wurden drei D�rfer als Fallstudien bearbeitet, die jeweils von Angeh�rigen der ethnischen Gruppen der Lawa, der Karen und der Akha bewohnt werden und sich in einer H�henlage um 1000 m im Bereich der unteren Montanwaldstufe befinden. Obwohl deutliche Unterschiede festgestellt werden konnten, erwiesen sich die meisten Sekund�rw�lder als �kologisch wie auch �konomisch wertvoll. �Die Synthese aus natur- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen ist in der auf zweij�hriger Feldforschung basierenden Studie gut gelungen. Die Arbeit leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Diskussion um den Einflu� von Landnutzungssystemen auf die Vegetationsentwicklung tropischer Sekund�rw�lder.�Erdkunde "� a useful study [�] This book will be of interest to students of swidden agriculture as well as to those interested in tropical botany, biodiversity conservation, and land use/land-cover change. In the end, the book reinforces a new paradigm in the management of tropical biodiversirty that extends conservation to human-impacted lands." Geographical Journal .
Book Synopsis The Last Frontier: People and forests in Mizoram by : Daman Singh
Download or read book The Last Frontier: People and forests in Mizoram written by Daman Singh and published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). This book was released on 1996-01-18 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last frontier: people and forests in Mizoram details the relationship between the people and their environment, and between the environment and development. It is set in Mizoram, one of the seven states of the ecologically complex north-eastern region, a land where society and culture present a fascinating blend of tradition and modernity whose history and polity varies from that of most other parts of India. The book traces the environmental history of Mizoram, beginning in the nineteenth century, through colonial rule and into the post-Independence period. It examines the nature of biophysical resources and the influence of human activities on them. Finally, the management of forests by people and the state is analysed, including a detailed discussion on the system of shifting cultivation. Table of Contents: List of figures List of tables Foreword by Dr T N Khoshoo Preface Introduction: The last frontier Part I: An environmental history of Mizoram Chapter 1: The regime of village republics Settlement in the Lushai hills The supremacy of the village chief Forests: abode of the spirits Shifting cultivation or jhum The influence of people on their environment Parameters of resource use Chapter 2: British occupation of the Lushai Hills Compulsions for conquest Economic importance of the Lushai Hills Instruments of insulation The system of administration The new socio-religious order Ecological implications of political events Chapter 3: Forests and fields: colonial land use policy State control over forests The system of commercial extraction of forest produce Revenue from forests The traders’ lobby Game versus vermin The continuance of shifting cultivation New farming methods The drift of public policy Chapter 4: The creation of Mizoram The route to self rule A limited taste of freedom The struggle for Independence From Union Territory to State Isolation, alienation, and regionalism Public participation in governance Legitimizing shifting cultivation Forests for the people Implications for resource use Chapter 5: The roots of environmental change Religion Education Community relations Growth and distribution of population Occupational mobility Urbanization Land use policies Part II: Management of resources: between people and the State Chapter 6: Physiography, land cover, and land use Geomorphology Land forms Climate Soils Types of vegetation cover Land use Chapter 7: Forests, their form and features The extent of forests Basic characteristics The quality of forest resources The wood and bamboo balance Chapter 8: Keepers of the forest The existence of village forest reserves Norms governing village forests Changes in area of village forests Availability of forest produce Control by the village council Imperatives of local management Forests in the hands of the State The incidence of encroachment Regulating commercial use of forests Afforestation programmes Imperatives of governmental management Chapter 9: How shifting cultivation works The element of collectivity Community management of shifting cultivation Preferred sites for j humming Allotment of jhum plots Clearing the forest Burning Sowing Weeding Harvesting The element of uncertainty Chapter 10: The tenacity of shifting cultivation The village scenario The dependence on shifting cultivation The duration of jhum cycles Levels of productivity Chapter 11: The environmental impact of shifting cultivation The post-jhum ecosystem Effect on biodiversity Climatic change due to deforestation Floods in the plains The role of fire - Soil erosion and run-off Sustainability of productivity Myth, conjecture, and reality Chapter 12: The new land use policy · A review of past strategies · The old New Land Use Policy · The Jhum Control Project · Changes in the New Land Use Policy · The alternative to shifting cultivation Conclusion: People and forests in Mizoram Appendices 1. Reserved tree species in the Lushai Hills 2. Domestic animals killed by wild animals in the North Lushai Hills as reported by village writers 3. The Lushai Hills District (Jhumming) Regulation, 1954 4. The Mizo District (Forest) Act, 1954 5. Socio-economic data of Mizoram 6. Agricultural statistics 7. Distribution of slope categories for select river catchments 8. Physical characteristics of soils in Mizoram 9. Tree species found in major forest types 10. Nature of slopes used in shifting cultivation 11. Percentage shares of land use categories in Mizoram 12. General characteristics of vegetation cover in Mizoram 13. Vegetation cover by strata 14. Growing stock per hectare by strata 15. Percentage distribution of stems per hectare by diameter class 16. Major species contributing to basal area in each stratum 17. Wood and bamboo consumption 18. The existence of village forest reserves 19. Changes in the extent of village forest reserves 20. Availability of trees and bamboos for domestic use 21. Detection of offences committed in safety and supply reserves 22. Revenue from forests 23. Carrying capacity of land under shifting cultivation: Mampui and Sairep village (1962) 24. Jhum cycles in Mizoram 25. Shifting cultivation in sample villages 26. Pattern of secondary succession after jhumming at Burnihat 27. Soil and water losses due to shifting cultivation 28. Farming systems research by ICAR RCNEHR (Shillong) at Burnihat: 1976-89 29. Rice production in Mizoram 30. Promising crops for cultivation in the north-eastern region References Index List of figures 1. The location of Mizoram and the north-eastern region in India 2. Territories occupied by Mizo tribes before the British rule 3. The location of places mentioned in chapter 2 and chapter 3 4. Mizoram: geology 5. Mizoram: rivers 6. Mizoram: soil nutrient status 7. Mizoram: forest reserves List of tables Revenue obtained from the hill areas of Eastern Bengal and Assam, 1903-04 Receipts from forests of the Lushai hills district (in rupees, annas, paise) Number of wild animals killed for which rewards were paid: 1943-44 to 1947-48 Percentage of literacy by sea Percentage distribution of total main workers * (approximate estimate based on 1991 census) Area under different categories of slope The pattern of land use in Mizoram (1987-89) Average soil loss and affected area (estimated for five catchments) Extent of vegetation cover in Mizoram (1975-76) Land use and land cover by thematic mapping (1989) District-wise extent of forest (1987-89) The extent of forests by different sources The extent of vegetation cover by type Growing stock of trees and bamboo by strata Species diversity of strata The legal status of forest Family labour involved in clearing forest Gross village income by source in Hmunpui (1964-65) Output-input ratios of cultivation Early succession at Burnihat and Sesawng Coverage of the New Land Use Policy
Download or read book Human Ecology written by Gerald G Marten and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-23 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The scope and clarity of this book make it accessible and informative to a wide readership. Its messages should be an essential component of the education for all students from secondary school to university... [It] provides a clear and comprehensible account of concepts that can be applied in our individual and collective lives to pursue the promising and secure future to which we all aspire' From the Foreword by Maurice Strong, Chairman of the Earth Council and former Secretary General of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Earth Summit) The most important questions of the future will turn on the relationship between human societies and the natural ecosystems on which we all, in the end, depend. The interactions and interdependencies of the social and natural worlds are the focus of growing attention from a wide range of environmental, social and life sciences. Understanding them is critical to achieving the balance involved in sustainable development. Human Ecology: Basic Concepts for Sustainable Development presents an extremely clear and accessible account of this complex range of issues and of the concepts and tools required to understand and tackle them. Extensively supported by graphics and detailed examples, this book makes an excellent introduction for students at all levels, and for general readers wanting to know why and how to respond to the dilemmas we face.
Book Synopsis The Agricultural Dilemma by : Glenn Davis Stone
Download or read book The Agricultural Dilemma written by Glenn Davis Stone and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agricultural Dilemma questions everything we think we know about the current state of agriculture and how to, or perhaps more importantly how not to, feed a world with a growing population. This book is about the three fundamental forms of agriculture: Malthusian (expansion), industrialization (external-input-dependent), and intensification (labor-based). The best way to understand the three agricultures, and how we tend to get it wrong, is to consider what drives their growth. The book provides a thoughtful, critical analysis that upends entrenched misconceptions such as that we are running out of land for food production and that our only hope is the development of new agricultural technologies. The book contains engaging and enlightening vignettes and short histories, with case studies drawn from across the globe to bring to life this important debate and dilemma. The book concludes by arguing there is a viable alternative to industrial agriculture which will allow us to meet the world's needs and it ponders why such alternatives have been downplayed, obscured, or hidden from view. This important book is essential reading for all studying and researching food production and agriculture, and more broadly for all interested in ensuring we are able to feed our growing population.
Book Synopsis Shifting Cultivation in Southeastern Asia by : Joseph Earle Spencer
Download or read book Shifting Cultivation in Southeastern Asia written by Joseph Earle Spencer and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1966-01-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distribution and overall structure. Relationships to physical environment. Relationships to cultural environment. Land systems and their territorial administration. Crops, Crop systems, and complementary Economies. Technologies, tools, and specific typologies.
Book Synopsis Farmers in the Forest by : Peter R. Kunstadter
Download or read book Farmers in the Forest written by Peter R. Kunstadter and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2019-03-31 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Farmers in the Forest, while using examples chiefly from northern Thailand, is concerned with complex problems found in all tropical countries. In these areas rapid population growth, increasing demands for food, and burgeoning international markets for forest products and other raw materials are associated with active competition for land and natural resources in upland areas. This book brings together studies by administrators, agronomists, anthropologists, forest ecologists, geographers and jurists, who describe a variety of swidden systems and their effect on soil, forest, society, and economy. They point to conflicts between traditional farming systems and modern legal and administrative constraints now being imposed, and they describe special and technological conditions that contribute to a marginal, stagnant upland economy, increasing socio-economic disparities with the lowlands, and the serious ecological consequences of these conditions. Several possible solutions are suggested to solve these problems.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Cultural Ecology by : Mark Q. Sutton
Download or read book An Introduction to Cultural Ecology written by Mark Q. Sutton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contemporary introduction to the principles and research base of cultural ecology is the ideal textbook for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses that deal with the intersection of humans and the environment in traditional societies. After introducing the basic principles of cultural anthropology, environmental studies, and human biological adaptations to the environment, the book provides a thorough discussion of the history of, and theoretical basis behind, cultural ecology. The bulk of the book outlines the broad economic strategies used by traditional cultures: hunting/gathering, horticulture, pastoralism, and agriculture. Fully explicated with cases, illustrations, and charts on topics as diverse as salmon ceremonies among Northwest Indians, contemporary Maya agriculture, and the sacred groves in southern China, this book gives a global view of these strategies. An important emphasis in this text is on the nature of contemporary ecological issues, how peoples worldwide adapt to them, and what the Western world can learn from their experiences. A perfect text for courses in anthropology, environmental studies, and sociology.
Download or read book Sacred Ecology written by Fikret Berkes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sacred Ecology examines bodies of knowledge held by indigenous and other rural peoples around the world, and asks how we can learn from this knowledge and ways of knowing. Berkes explores the importance of local and indigenous knowledge as a complement to scientific ecology, and its cultural and political significance for indigenous groups themselves. With updates of relevant links for further learning and over 180 new references, the fourth edition gives increased voice to indigenous authors, and reflects the remarkable increase in published local observations of climate change.
