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Author : Mehrdad Tajalli
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Speed Control in Urban Traffic Networks with Connected and Automated Vehicles written by Mehrdad Tajalli and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Xiao Liang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Traffic Signal Control in a Connected and Autonomous Vehicle Environment Considering Pedestrians written by Xiao Liang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic signals help to maintain order in urban traffic networks and reduce vehicle conflicts by dynamically assigning right-of-way to different vehicle movements. However, by temporarily stopping vehicle movements at regular intervals, traffic signals are a major source of urban congestion and cause increased vehicle delay, fuel consumption, and environmental pollution. Connected and Autonomous Vehicle technology may be utilized to optimize traffic operations at signalized intersections, since connected vehicles have the ability to communicate with the surrounding infrastructure and autonomous vehicles can follow the instructions from the signal or a central control system. Connected vehicle information received by a signal controller can be used to help adjust signal timings to tailor to the specific dynamic vehicle demand. Information about the signal timing plan can then be communicated back to the vehicles so that they can adjust their speeds/trajectories to further improve traffic operations. Based on a thorough literature review of existing studies in the area of signal control utilizing information from connected and autonomous vehicles, three research gaps are found: 1) application are limited to unrealistic intersection configurations; 2) methods are limited to a single mode; or, 3) methods only optimize the average value of measure of effectiveness while ignoring the distribution among vehicles. As a part of this dissertation, several methods will be proposed to increase computational efficiency of an existing CAV-based joint signal timing and vehicle trajectory optimization algorithm so that it can be applied to more realistic intersection settings without adding computational burden. Doing so requires the creation of new methods to accommodate features like multiple lanes on each approach, more than two approaches and turning maneuvers. Methods to incorporate human-driven cooperative vehicles and pedestrians are also proposed and tested. A more equitable traffic signal control method is also designed.
Author : Nathan H. Gartner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642796419
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)
Download or read book Urban Traffic Networks written by Nathan H. Gartner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problems of urban traffic in the industrially developed countries have been at the top of the priority list for a long time. While making a critical contribution to the economic well being of those countries, transportation systems in general and highway traffic in particular, also have detrimental effects which are evident in excessive congestion, high rates of accidents and severe pollution problems. Scientists from different disciplines have played an important role in the development and refinement of the tools needed for the planning, analysis, and control of urban traffic networks. In the past several years, there were particularly rapid advances in two areas that affect urban traffic: 1. Modeling of traffic flows in urban networks and the prediction of the resulting equilibrium conditions; 2. Technology for communication with the driver and the ability to guide him, by providing him with useful, relevant and updated information, to his desired destination.
Author : Jana Görmer-Redding
Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3736988281
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (369 download)
Download or read book Autonomous Vehicle Groups in Urban Traffic written by Jana Görmer-Redding and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2018-08-08 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is likely that autonomous vehicles will be the future of mobility. To handle the increase in autonomy, traffic coordination methods will become indispensable. Based on this, an investigation into the performance of Autonomous Vehicle Group Formation (AVGF) based on a decentralized model and a simulative evaluation in urban environments is needed. An Autonomous Vehicle Group (AVG) is a set of vehicles used for transporting people or goods, such as a car, truck, or bus, that are located, gathered, or classed together and are characterized by constant change or progress within the traffic system. The focus is on decentralized autonomous vehicle grouping, which allows the flexibility of single vehicles to be retained while also enabling the use of group coordination to achieve higher throughput in urban networks, as already witnessed in highway vehicular platoons. A known and practiced concept for urban traffic control at traffic signals is to bundle vehicles passively according to green signal phases; the novelty being active coordination of the vehicles in decentralized groups of interests. Likewise, AVGs make coordinated decisions with and without communication depending on the similarities of their vehicle properties and destinations. AVGs coordinate the motion of traffic, making strategic (i.e., group destination) and tactical (i.e., speed and gaps) group decisions in a street network.
Author : Nathan H. Gartner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780387590738
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (97 download)
Download or read book Urban Traffic Networks written by Nathan H. Gartner and published by . This book was released on 1995-04-01 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ellen F. Grumert
Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9176853411
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (768 download)
Download or read book Using Connected Vehicles in Variable Speed Limit Systems: written by Ellen F. Grumert and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motorway traffic management systems are useful for improving the traffic conditions on urban motorways. One of the most common motorway traffic management systems are variable speed limit systems. These systems adapt the speed limits based on the prevailing traffic conditions measured by roadside detectors and recommended or compulsory speed limits are shown on variable message signs installed on gantries over the road.Thesystems consist of three parts; the control algorithm used to determine which speed limit to be displayed, a method for estimating the traffic conditions to be used as input for the control algorithm and the infrastructure for application of the variable speed limits. The goal of the systems is often to increase safety or efficiency. Recent development in the field of connected vehicles have opened up for a new type of data source, as the status of a connected vehicle and its surroundings can be communicated at arbitrary locations. Hence, by the use of connected vehicles in variable speed limit systems there is a potential of reducing the amount of roadside equipment. It is even possible to control the connected vehicles towards the current speed limit without the use of variable message signs. This allows for the application of variable speed limits at arbitrary locations. The aim of this thesis is to examine how connected vehicles can be used to improve the efficiency of variable speed limit systems. The thesis contribute with new and improved methods using connected vehicles in all three parts of a variable speed limit system. The suggested methods are evaluated by microscopic traffic simulation. The overall conclusion is that the use of connected vehicles in variable speed limit systems can contribute to improvements in traffic efficiency compared to existing systems. The six papers included in the thesis can be summarized as follows. First, it is shown that traditional variable speed limit systems can be effective for improving the traffic conditions on the motorway and the results can be comparable to more costly alterations by reconstruction of the infrastructure to increase the capacity. Next, the usefulness of connected vehicles for application and control of the speed limits in an existing variable speed limit system is investigated. It is concluded that the design of the control algorithm and the accuracy of the estimated traffic conditions have a great effect on the final outcome of the system. The design of the control algorithm is then examined by evaluation of a number of control algorithms with respect to safety, efficiency and environmental impacts. The main benefits and drawbacks of the algorithms are highlighted and desirable characteristics to include when designing a control algorithm are identified. In two studies, methods making use of connected vehicles for estimating the traffic conditions are proposed. The results show that connected vehicles are useful for improving the accuracy of the estimated traffic conditions through the inclusion of more detailed information and information at locations where detector measurements are not available. Finally, a variable speed limit system is proposed in which connected vehicles play a central role in the estimation of the traffic conditions, as well as in the control algorithm and for application of the speed limit. The system is shown to be useful for improving traffic efficiency during an incident at an arbitrary location along the controlled road.
Author : Umar Zakir Abdul Hamid
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030660427
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)
Download or read book Towards Connected and Autonomous Vehicle Highways written by Umar Zakir Abdul Hamid and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines comprehensive multi-angle discussions on fully connected and automated vehicle highway implementation. It covers the current progress of the works towards autonomous vehicle highway development, which encompasses the discussion on the technical, social, and policy as well as security aspects of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) topics. This, in return, will be beneficial to a vast amount of readers who are interested in the topics of CAV, Automated Highway and Smart City, among many others. Topics include, but are not limited to, Autonomous Vehicle in the Smart City, Automated Highway, Smart-Cities Transportation, Mobility as a Service, Intelligent Transportation Systems, Data Management of Connected and Autonomous Vehicle, Autonomous Trucks, and Autonomous Freight Transportation. Brings together contributions discussing the latest research in full automated highway implementation; Discusses topics such as autonomous vehicles, intelligent transportation systems, and smart highways; Features contributions from researchers, academics, and professionals from a broad perspective.
Author : Markus Maurer
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662488477
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)
Download or read book Autonomous Driving written by Markus Maurer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-21 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a look at fully automated, autonomous vehicles and discusses many open questions: How can autonomous vehicles be integrated into the current transportation system with diverse users and human drivers? Where do automated vehicles fall under current legal frameworks? What risks are associated with automation and how will society respond to these risks? How will the marketplace react to automated vehicles and what changes may be necessary for companies? Experts from Germany and the United States define key societal, engineering, and mobility issues related to the automation of vehicles. They discuss the decisions programmers of automated vehicles must make to enable vehicles to perceive their environment, interact with other road users, and choose actions that may have ethical consequences. The authors further identify expectations and concerns that will form the basis for individual and societal acceptance of autonomous driving. While the safety benefits of such vehicles are tremendous, the authors demonstrate that these benefits will only be achieved if vehicles have an appropriate safety concept at the heart of their design. Realizing the potential of automated vehicles to reorganize traffic and transform mobility of people and goods requires similar care in the design of vehicles and networks. By covering all of these topics, the book aims to provide a current, comprehensive, and scientifically sound treatment of the emerging field of “autonomous driving".
Author : Kaidi Yang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Real-time Urban Traffic Control in a Connected and Automated Vehicle Environment written by Kaidi Yang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (956 download)
Download or read book Intelligent Transportation Systems and Connected and Automated Vehicles written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Antonio Artuñedo
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030459055
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Decision-making Strategies for Automated Driving in Urban Environments written by Antonio Artuñedo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-25 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes an effective decision-making and planning architecture for enhancing the navigation capabilities of automated vehicles in the presence of non-detailed, open-source maps. The system involves dynamically obtaining road corridors from map information and utilizing a camera-based lane detection system to update and enhance the navigable space in order to address the issues of intrinsic uncertainty and low-fidelity. An efficient and human-like local planner then determines, within a probabilistic framework, a safe motion trajectory, ensuring the continuity of the path curvature and limiting longitudinal and lateral accelerations. LiDAR-based perception is then used to identify the driving scenario, and subsequently re-plan the trajectory, leading in some cases to adjustment of the high-level route to reach the given destination. The method has been validated through extensive theoretical and experimental analyses, which are reported here in detail.
Author : Kittelson & Associates
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 030909884X
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Bus Rapid Transit Practitioner's Guide written by Kittelson & Associates and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2007 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction -- Planning framework -- Estimating BRT ridership -- Component features, costs, and impacts -- System packaging, integration, and assessment -- Land development guidelines.
Author : Nathan H. Gartner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (641 download)
Download or read book Urban Traffic Networks : Dynamic Flow Modeling and Control written by Nathan H. Gartner and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Anthony Deprator
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (959 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Traffic Control written by Anthony Deprator and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban traffic congestion is a significant issue that costs hundreds of billions of dollars annually in the United States alone from delay, fuel consumption, and environmental impacts (Schrank et al., 2105). Transportation engineers have tried to combat this congestion in a variety of ways, one of the most inexpensive methods being traffic control. Various attempts have been made to quantify how traffic control impacts the performance of urban transportation networks. A recent study examined the impacts of street directionalityspecifically, the use of one-way vs. two-way streetson traffic network performance (Gayah and Daganzo, 2012) and found that the capacity of two-way street networks could always be increased by simply restricting left turn movements at signalized intersections. The additional travel distance imposed by doing so is more than made up for by the additional capacity that would be available at signalized intersections, and this results in shorter vehicle travel times when the network is operating at capacity. However, because this study focused only on capacity conditions (i.e., the maximum throughput allowed by the networks), it failed to consider the full range of all anticipated traffic conditions, including both uncongested and congested states. Furthermore, this study only focused on static strategies in which one control scheme (either allowing or banning left turns) was applied at all times. This is a limitation as traffic networks are dynamic, and traffic control should also be dynamic to reflect the existing traffic conditions. In light of this, the current research examines the impact of accommodating or restricting left turn movements on traffic network performance across the full range of traffic states that can be expected. Grid networks of different sizes and with different link lengths were created and simulated in the Aimsun micro-simulation software to examine their performance under various left turn control strategies. The performance measures considered include: fuel consumption, vehicle emissions, and measures of traffic performancespecifically, using the Network Exit Function (NEF) and the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD). These performance measures are calculated and presented as a function of the current traffic state, measured by the accumulation or number of vehicles using the traffic network. This can be used to easily identify accumulations for which left turns should be allowed or restricted. Additionally, this study also examines the benefits of allowing or restricting left turns dynamically based on the current traffic state. Overall, the results find that restricting left turns can be very beneficial as a network starts to become congested; however, restricting left turns actually reduces performance when the network is relatively empty. The optimal performance is thus achieved by allowing left turns when few vehicles are in the network and then restricting left turns when the network becomes more crowded. This dynamic strategy maximizes the traffic performance of the network at all times and results in the lowest vehicle travel times and reduced delays.
Author : Hussein T. Mouftah
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000259250
Total Pages : 599 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Connected and Autonomous Vehicles in Smart Cities written by Hussein T. Mouftah and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive coverage of the five fundamental yet intertwined pillars paving the road towards the future of connected autonomous electric vehicles and smart cities. The connectivity pillar covers all the latest advancements and various technologies on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications/networking and vehicular cloud computing, with special emphasis on their role towards vehicle autonomy and smart cities applications. On the other hand, the autonomy track focuses on the different efforts to improve vehicle spatiotemporal perception of its surroundings using multiple sensors and different perception technologies. Since most of CAVs are expected to run on electric power, studies on their electrification technologies, satisfaction of their charging demands, interactions with the grid, and the reliance of these components on their connectivity and autonomy, is the third pillar that this book covers. On the smart services side, the book highlights the game-changing roles CAV will play in future mobility services and intelligent transportation systems. The book also details the ground-breaking directions exploiting CAVs in broad spectrum of smart cities applications. Example of such revolutionary applications are autonomous mobility on-demand services with integration to public transit, smart homes, and buildings. The fifth and final pillar involves the illustration of security mechanisms, innovative business models, market opportunities, and societal/economic impacts resulting from the soon-to-be-deployed CAVs. This book contains an archival collection of top quality, cutting-edge and multidisciplinary research on connected autonomous electric vehicles and smart cities. The book is an authoritative reference for smart city decision makers, automotive manufacturers, utility operators, smart-mobility service providers, telecom operators, communications engineers, power engineers, vehicle charging providers, university professors, researchers, and students who would like to learn more about the advances in CAEVs connectivity, autonomy, electrification, security, and integration into smart cities and intelligent transportation systems.
Author : Béla Lantos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1849961220
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (499 download)
Download or read book Nonlinear Control of Vehicles and Robots written by Béla Lantos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonlinear Control of Vehicles and Robots develops a unified approach to the dynamic modeling of robots in terrestrial, aerial and marine environments. The main classes of nonlinear systems and stability methods are summarized and basic nonlinear control methods, useful in manipulator and vehicle control, are presented. Formation control of ground robots and ships is discussed. The book also deals with the modeling and control of robotic systems in the presence of non-smooth nonlinearities. Robust adaptive tracking control of robotic systems with unknown payload and friction in the presence of uncertainties is treated. Theoretical and practical aspects of the control algorithms under discussion are detailed. Examples are included throughout the book allowing the reader to apply the control and modeling techniques in their own research and development work. Some of these examples demonstrate state estimation based on the use of advanced sensors as part of the control system.
Author : Liudmila Tumash
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)
Download or read book Traffic Control in Large-scale Urban Networks written by Liudmila Tumash and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research is done in the context of European Research Council's Advanced Grant project Scale-FreeBack. The aim of Scale-FreeBack project is to develop a holistic scale-free control approach to complex systems, and to set new foundations for a theory dealing with complex physical networks with arbitrary dimension. One particular case is intelligent transportation systems that are capable to prevent the occurrence of congestions in rush hours. The contributions of the present PhD work are mainly related to traffic boundary control design and modelling on large-scale urban networks. We consider traffic from the macroscopic viewpoint describing it in terms of aggregated variables such as flow and density of vehicles, i.e., traffic is seen as a fluid whose motion is described using the concept of kinematic waves. The corresponding dynamic equation corresponds to a first-order hyperbolic partial differential equation. Within this PhD thesis, we propose control design techniques that completely rely on the intrinsic properties of the model. First of all, we solve one-dimensional (1D) boundary control problems, i.e., one road traffic. Thereby, the traffic state is driven to a space- and time-dependent desired trajectory that admits traffic regimes switching, i.e., both states can be partially congested and partially in the free-flow regime. This introduces non-linearities into the state equation, which we can handle and achieve the target by acting only from road's boundaries. Then, we extend the problem to a urban network of arbitrary size. The large-scale traffic dynamics are described by a two-dimensional (2D) conservation law model. The model parameters are defined everywhere in the continuum plane from its values on physical roads that are further interpolated as a function of distance to these roads. The traffic flow direction is determined by network's geometry (location of roads and intersections) and infrastructure parameters (speed limits, number of lanes, etc). This 2D model assumes that there exists a preferred direction of motion. For this case, we elaborate a unique method that considerably simplifies control design for traffic systems evolving in large-scale networks. In particular, we present a coordinate transformation that translates a 2D continuous traffic model into a continuous set of 1D systems equations. This enables an explicit elaboration of strategies for various control tasks to solve on large-scale networks: we design boundary control for 2D density in a mixed traffic regime, apply variable speed limit control to drive traffic to any space-dependent equilibrium, and calculate steady-states. Finally, we also present a new multi-directional two-dimensional continuous traffic model. This model is formally derived by solely using the demand-supply concept at one intersection (classical Cell Transmission Model). Our new model is called the NSWE-model, since it consists of four partial differential equations that describe the evolution of vehicle density with respect to cardinal directions: North, South, West and East. The traffic flow direction is determined by turning ratios at intersections. For this model, we design a boundary control that drives multi-directional congested traffic to a desired equilibrium vehicle density mitigating the congestion level. The effectiveness of our contributions were tested using simulated and real data. In the first case, the results are verified by using the well-known commercial traffic Aimsun, which produces microsimulations of vehicles' trajectories in a modelled network. In the second case, real data are obtained from sensors measuring traffic flow in the city of Grenoble, and collected using the Grenoble Traffic Lab.
