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Driving Down Lane Departure Crashes
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Book Synopsis Driving Down Lane-departure Crashes by :
Download or read book Driving Down Lane-departure Crashes written by and published by AASHTO. This book was released on 2008 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While this report highlights a number of remedies for keeping drivers on the road, the essential ingredient in improving our safety record is your commitment as the leader of a state department of transportation. Through AASHTO we have set an aggressive goal to reduce the nation's current level of highway fatalities by 1,000 every year for the next two decades. That will reduce highway deaths by half, on our way to the ultimate goal of eliminating them entirely.
Book Synopsis Mitigation of Lane Departure Crashes in the Pacific Northwest Through Coordinated Outreach Phase II by : David S. Hurwitz
Download or read book Mitigation of Lane Departure Crashes in the Pacific Northwest Through Coordinated Outreach Phase II written by David S. Hurwitz and published by . This book was released on 201? with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mitigation of Lane Departure Crashes in the Pacific Northwest Through Coordinated Outreach Phase I by : David S. Hurwitz
Download or read book Mitigation of Lane Departure Crashes in the Pacific Northwest Through Coordinated Outreach Phase I written by David S. Hurwitz and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Crash Modification Factors and Benefit-cost Analysis of Lane Departure Crash Countermeasures by : Irfan Uddin Ahmed
Download or read book Development of Crash Modification Factors and Benefit-cost Analysis of Lane Departure Crash Countermeasures written by Irfan Uddin Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Health Organization (WHO) reports road traffic injuries are one of the leading causes of death worldwide with 1.2 million people dying in traffic crashes annually. Total losses in monetary value amounted to $836 billion in the US in 2010. According to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the comprehensive cost of a single fatal crash is estimated to be $9.6 million (2016 dollars). There have been 37,461 fatalities in 2016 in the US, which was an increase of 5.5% from 2015. According to the Fatality Analysis of Reporting System (FARS), the traffic fatality rate for the US was 1.18 per 100 million vehicle miles traveled (MVMT) while Wyoming experienced 1.20 fatalities per 100 MVMT in 2016. The trend in recent crash rates reveals that Wyoming has always been facing higher fatality rates than the national average. Challenging roadway geometry, long driving distances, and adverse weather conditions could contribute to higher average crash rates in Wyoming. Research shows that a significant number of fatal and serious injury crashes result from lane departure crashes. Lane departure crashes include angle, head-on, sideswipe, and run-off-road crashes. Factors such as driver fatigue and drowsiness, distracted driving, poor road surface condition, adverse weather, challenging roadway geometry preventing easy passing maneuvers may result in increased lane departure crashes. Some of these contributing factors could be mitigated by providing countermeasures, such as centerline rumble strips, by adding passing lanes on a two-lane roadway, and by dividing the roadway into four-lane highways. This study analyzes and compares the safety effectiveness of these three countermeasures on a two-lane two-way highway in Wyoming. The roadway selected for this study is US 287 between Laramie and the Wyoming-Colorado Stateline. Statistical analyses and benefit-cost analyses were carried out to evaluate the safety effectiveness of the aforementioned countermeasures. Six years of crash data (2003-2008) were used to develop the Safety Performance Functions (SPFs) utilizing negative binomial and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression models. A segmented dataset consisting of variable segment lengths was prepared using homogeneous roadway geometry and traffic volume data. SPFs were developed for total crashes, property damage only (PDO) crashes, fatal and injury (F+I) crashes as well as lane departure crashes. Numerous explanatory variables related to roadway geometry and traffic volume were considered in the modeling process. It was found that LOG(VMT), vertical grade, and presence of rumble strips were the significant variables in predicting crash frequency. AIC was used as the model selection criterion to find the best fit model. Observational before-after with Empirical Bayes (EB) method was utilized to develop Crash Modification Factors (CMF) to analyze the safety effectiveness of lane departure crash countermeasure. The results show that with the implementation of conversion to four-lane divided highway, there is an expected crash reduction of 52%, 55%, 86%, and 77% associated with total crashes, F+I crashes, PDO crashes, and lane departure crashes, respectively. Furthermore, the CMFs for centerline rumble strips indicate expected crash reduction of 69%, 52%, 89%, and 80% for total crashes, F+I crashes, PDO crashes, and lane departure crashes, respectively. The CMFs obtained for passing lanes show that an expected total crash reduction of 32%, F+I crash reduction of 20% and 25% crash reduction in lane departure crashes. The overall results from this analysis show that the highest percentage of crash reduction can be expected from the implementation of centerline rumble strips. All the CMFs indicated that all countermeasures are effective in reducing the frequency and severity of crashes. Finally, a benefit-cost analysis (BCA) was carried out using comprehensive crash costs calculated by following the Highway Safety Manual and the Wyoming Department of Transportation methods. The BCA provided the opportunity to determine which countermeasure provided the best return (benefits) on investment (project costs). It was found that the return on investment is the highest for the implementation of centerline rumble strips followed by addition of passing lanes. Conversion to four-lane divided highway resulted in the lowest benefit to cost ratio. One of the reasons for this could be the higher project costs of adding lanes and dividing the roadway than the other countermeasures investigated in this study. The safety analyses and the benefit-cost analyses carried out in this study show that the implementation of centerline rumble strips provides very high CMFs and benefit to cost ratio which may seem impractical. There could be a number of reasons for the overestimation of the CMFs and the benefits of centerline rumble strips.
Book Synopsis Examination of Single Vehicle Roadway Departure Crashes and Potential IVHS Countermeasures. Final Report by : Mark Mironer
Download or read book Examination of Single Vehicle Roadway Departure Crashes and Potential IVHS Countermeasures. Final Report written by Mark Mironer and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis National Automotive Sampling System, Crashworthiness Data System by :
Download or read book National Automotive Sampling System, Crashworthiness Data System written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Road Departure Crash Warning System Field Operational Test: Methodology and Results. Volume 1: Technical Report by : David J. LeBlanc
Download or read book Road Departure Crash Warning System Field Operational Test: Methodology and Results. Volume 1: Technical Report written by David J. LeBlanc and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes results from the Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI) Road Departure Crash Warning System Field Operational Test (RDCW FOT) project. This project was conducted under a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Dept. of Transportation and the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, along with its partners, Visteon Corporation and AssistWare Technologies. Road departure crashes account for 15,000 fatalities annually in the U.S. This project developed, validated, and field-tested a set of technologies intended to warn drivers in real time when the driver was drifting from their lane, and a curve-speed warning system designed to provide alerts to help driver slow down when approaching a curve too fast to safely negotiate the curve This report describes the field operational test of the system and subsequent analysis of the data to address the suitability of similar systems for widespread deployment within the U.S. passenger-vehicle fleet. Two areas were addressed: safety-related changes in driver performance including behavior that may be attributed to the system, and levels of driver acceptance in key areas. Testing used 11 passenger sedans equipped with RDCW and a data acquisition system that compiled a massive set of numerical, video, and audio data. Seventy-eight drivers each drove a test vehicle, unsupervised, for four weeks. The resulting data set captured 83,000 miles of driving, with over 400 signals captured at 10 Hz or faster. Analysis of the data shows that with the RDCW system active, relative to the baseline condition, drivers improved lanekeeping by remaining closer to the lane center and reducing the number of excursions near or beyond the lane edges. In addition, turn signal use increased dramatically. The data, however, were unable to confirm a change in driver’s curvetaking behaviors that could have been attributed to the curve speed warning system. Driver acceptance was generally positive in relation
Book Synopsis Road Departure Crash Warning System Field Operational Test: Methodology and Results. Volume 2: Appendices by : David J. LeBlanc
Download or read book Road Departure Crash Warning System Field Operational Test: Methodology and Results. Volume 2: Appendices written by David J. LeBlanc and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes results from the Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI) Road Departure Crash Warning System Field Operational Test (RDCW FOT) project. This project was conducted under a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Dept. of Transportation and the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, along with its partners, Visteon Corporation and AssistWare Technologies. Road departure crashes account for 15,000 fatalities annually in the U.S. This project developed, validated, and field-tested a set of technologies intended to warn drivers in real time when the driver was drifting from their lane, and a curve-speed warning system designed to provide alerts to help driver slow down when approaching a curve too fast to safely negotiate the curve This report describes the field operational test of the system and subsequent analysis of the data to address the suitability of similar systems for widespread deployment within the U.S. passenger-vehicle fleet. Two areas were addressed: safety-related changes in driver performance including behavior that may be attributed to the system, and levels of driver acceptance in key areas. Testing used 11 passenger sedans equipped with RDCW and a data acquisition system that compiled a massive set of numerical, video, and audio data. Seventy-eight drivers each drove a test vehicle, unsupervised, for four weeks. The resulting data set captured 83,000 miles of driving, with over 400 signals captured at 10 Hz or faster. Analysis of the data shows that with the RDCW system active, relative to the baseline condition, drivers improved lanekeeping by remaining closer to the lane center and reducing the number of excursions near or beyond the lane edges. In addition, turn signal use increased dramatically. The data, however, were unable to confirm a change in driver’s curvetaking behaviors that could have been attributed to the curve speed warning system. Driver acceptance was generally positive in relation
Download or read book Public Roads written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Single-vehicle Roadway Departure Crashes by : Jing-Shiarn Wang
Download or read book Single-vehicle Roadway Departure Crashes written by Jing-Shiarn Wang and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mitigation of Lane Departure Crashes in the Pacific Northwest Through Coordinated Outreach Phase III by : David S. Hurwitz
Download or read book Mitigation of Lane Departure Crashes in the Pacific Northwest Through Coordinated Outreach Phase III written by David S. Hurwitz and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human Factors of Vehicle-based Lane Departure Warning Systems by :
Download or read book Human Factors of Vehicle-based Lane Departure Warning Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Run-off-road (ROR) crashes are a concern for two-lane rural and urban roadways throughout Minnesota due to the frequency by which they contribute to fatal crashes (Minnesota Crash Facts, 2013). Mitigating the severity of the ROR events is an on-going research goal in order to help reduce the number of ROR crashes. Examining countermeasures that may reduce ROR crashes is important to determine the most efficient and effective method of warning. Behavioral responses were examined through the use of an in-vehicle haptic-based lane departure warning system (LDWS) using a driving simulator. The study incorporated systematic variation to both the reliability of the warning and sequence of treatment conditions. An additional analysis examined the presence of behavioral adaptation after repeated exposure to the system. Severity of a ROR event was measured as the total time out of lane (TTL) and maximum lane deviation (MLD). Covariates (e.g. road shape) were examined to determine the influence they may have on the severity of a ROR. The results reveal overall LDWS efficacy. TTL was significantly longer when no system was active compared to when it was active. LDWS led to shorter duration of ROR events. Greater velocity was found to be highly predictive of longer TTL. MLD was also greater for baseline drives compared to treatment drives. No behavioral adaptation or system overreliance was detected, suggesting long term benefits of the LDWS. Drivers who actively engaged in a distraction task were at far greater risk of traveling greater and more dangerous distances out of lane.
Book Synopsis Guidance for Implementation of the AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan by :
Download or read book Guidance for Implementation of the AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2003 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Roadway Departure Crashes written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human Factors Study of Driver Assistance Systems to Reduce Lane Departures and Side Collision Accidents by : Steven Lee Johnson
Download or read book Human Factors Study of Driver Assistance Systems to Reduce Lane Departures and Side Collision Accidents written by Steven Lee Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated the human factors issues related to the implementation of lane departure warning systems (LDWS) to reduce side collision and run-off-road crashes for heavy trucks. Lane departures can be either intentional (e.g., to pass another vehicle or avoid an object in the roadway) or unintentional (due to drowsiness, inattention or distraction). The report discusses the recent research and applications literature that evaluates the problem of lane departure accidents and the potential for LDWS to reduce the frequency and/or severity of those accidents. The report also discusses the issues related to the use of LDWS data that are recorded to improve the fleet and individual driver safety performance. The value of systems that range from simply warning the driver, with no even recorded, to the transmission of an event with the possibility of real-time intervention if driver performance is perceived to be degraded (e.g., due to fatigue or drowsiness). The study addresses the resources necessary to effectively integrate the information from these systems into the driver management system toward the goal of facilitating safe driving behaviors and reducing costly accidents. Truck accident data were analyzed to further evaluate the potential for safety benefits from LDWS. The Large Truck Crash Causation Study (LTCCS) data were analyzed with respect to the types of crashes that could be affected by LDWS (e.g., departed roadway, inattention, etc.). The analysis focused on rural highways and interstates with posted speed limits of above 50 mph. In addition, safety data for eight large commercial trucking fleets were analyzed to determine the relative frequency of accidents for which LDWS would reduce the occurrence or severity of lane or roadway departure accidents. The results indicated that, although the frequency of lane departure and run-off-road accidents was found to be relatively low, the consequences of these crashes can be very high. In addition, the relative frequency of lane departure accidents varied greatly from fleet to fleet. This indicates that the decision to implement LDWS or what type of LDWS to implement must depend upon a fleet's own experience, rather than aggregate data.
Book Synopsis Lane Departure Warning Systems: Information for the Human Interface by : Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Committee
Download or read book Lane Departure Warning Systems: Information for the Human Interface written by Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Committee and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lane Departure Warning (LDW) system is a crash-avoidance technology which warns drivers if they are drifting (or have drifted) out of their lane or from the roadway. This warning system is designed to reduce the possibility of a run-off-road crash. This system will not take control of the vehicle; it will only let the driver know that he/she needs to steer back into the lane. An LDW is not a lane-change monitor, which addresses intentional lane changes, or a blind spot monitoring system which warns of other vehicles in adjacent lanes.This informational report applies to OEM and after-market Lane Departure Warning systems for light-duty vehicles (gross vehicle weight rating of no more than 8500 pounds) on relatively straight roads with a radius of curvature of 500 m or more, and under good weather conditions. When a vehicle unintentionally leaves the vehicle lane, the crash risk to the occupants of that vehicle and other road users increases. That risk can be reduced by informing the driver of an impending or existing lane departure. That topic is addressed by to ISO 17361:2007 - Intelligent transport systems - Lane departure warning systems - Performance requirements and test procedures (2007). However, that ISO document lacks adequate detail on the research that is applicable to the design of that interface, information needed to promote the design of safe, easy to use, and consistent human interfaces for lane departure warning systems. That research is summarized in this information report.
Download or read book It's No Accident written by Lisa Lewis and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2006-03-01 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 30 years, the government has been ramming cars into walls in an effort to make car crashes safe. The public has been conditioned to believe that seatbelts, airbags and more "crashworthy" vehicles are the best ways to protect us from harm on the roads. Meanwhile, the most basic strategies to deter dangerous driving and prevent crashes have been ignored. "It's No Accident" provides a rare glimpse into how the government got seduced by the promise of "safe crashing." It then examines the major factors involved in crashes today, including speeding, aggressive driving, distracted (e.g. cell phones) and drowsy driving. The author reveals that many dangerous behaviors are now legally PROMOTED by businesses, and that drivers who kill often walk away with just a small fine. This well-documented expose is a must-read for anyone concerned about violent death and injury on our roads and how to stop it. **Questions about this book or trouble with your order? E-mail [email protected]
