Dna Identification And Evidence

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The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309134404
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-12-12 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1992 the National Research Council issued DNA Technology in Forensic Science, a book that documented the state of the art in this emerging field. Recently, this volume was brought to worldwide attention in the murder trial of celebrity O. J. Simpson. The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence reports on developments in population genetics and statistics since the original volume was published. The committee comments on statements in the original book that proved controversial or that have been misapplied in the courts. This volume offers recommendations for handling DNA samples, performing calculations, and other aspects of using DNA as a forensic toolâ€"modifying some recommendations presented in the 1992 volume. The update addresses two major areas: Determination of DNA profiles. The committee considers how laboratory errors (particularly false matches) can arise, how errors might be reduced, and how to take into account the fact that the error rate can never be reduced to zero. Interpretation of a finding that the DNA profile of a suspect or victim matches the evidence DNA. The committee addresses controversies in population genetics, exploring the problems that arise from the mixture of groups and subgroups in the American population and how this substructure can be accounted for in calculating frequencies. This volume examines statistical issues in interpreting frequencies as probabilities, including adjustments when a suspect is found through a database search. The committee includes a detailed discussion of what its recommendations would mean in the courtroom, with numerous case citations. By resolving several remaining issues in the evaluation of this increasingly important area of forensic evidence, this technical update will be important to forensic scientists and population geneticistsâ€"and helpful to attorneys, judges, and others who need to understand DNA and the law. Anyone working in laboratories and in the courts or anyone studying this issue should own this book.

DNA Technology in Forensic Science

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309045878
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA Technology in Forensic Science by : National Research Council

Download or read book DNA Technology in Forensic Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matching DNA samples from crime scenes and suspects is rapidly becoming a key source of evidence for use in our justice system. DNA Technology in Forensic Science offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions that are emerging as DNA typing becomes more widespread. The volume addresses key issues: Quality and reliability in DNA typing, including the introduction of new technologies, problems of standardization, and approaches to certification. DNA typing in the courtroom, including issues of population genetics, levels of understanding among judges and juries, and admissibility. Societal issues, such as privacy of DNA data, storage of samples and data, and the rights of defendants to quality testing technology. Combining this original volume with the new update-The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence-provides the complete, up-to-date picture of this highly important and visible topic. This volume offers important guidance to anyone working with this emerging law enforcement tool: policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.

Inside the Cell

Author : Erin E Murphy
Publisher : Bold Type Books
ISBN 13 : 1568584709
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Inside the Cell by : Erin E Murphy

Download or read book Inside the Cell written by Erin E Murphy and published by Bold Type Books. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Josiah Sutton was convicted of rape. He was five inches shorter and 65 pounds lighter than the suspect described by the victim, but at trial a lab analyst testified that his DNA was found at the crime scene. His case looked like many others -- arrest, swab, match, conviction. But there was just one problem -- Sutton was innocent. We think of DNA forensics as an infallible science that catches the bad guys and exonerates the innocent. But when the science goes rogue, it can lead to a gross miscarriage of justice. Erin Murphy exposes the dark side of forensic DNA testing: crime labs that receive little oversight and produce inconsistent results; prosecutors who push to test smaller and poorer-quality samples, inviting error and bias; law-enforcement officers who compile massive, unregulated, and racially skewed DNA databases; and industry lobbyists who push policies of "stop and spit." DNA testing is rightly seen as a transformative technological breakthrough, but we should be wary of placing such a powerful weapon in the hands of the same broken criminal justice system that has produced mass incarceration, privileged government interests over personal privacy, and all too often enforced the law in a biased or unjust manner. Inside the Cell exposes the truth about forensic DNA, and shows us what it will take to harness the power of genetic identification in service of accuracy and fairness.

Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence by :

Download or read book Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

DNA Evidence and Forensic Science

Author : David E. Newton
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1438100191
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA Evidence and Forensic Science by : David E. Newton

Download or read book DNA Evidence and Forensic Science written by David E. Newton and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview, chronology of events, glossary and annotated bibliography for forensic science and DNA evidence.

Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation

Author : John S. Buckleton
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482258927
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation by : John S. Buckleton

Download or read book Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation written by John S. Buckleton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its second edition, Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation is the most comprehensive resource for DNA casework available today. Written by leaders in the fields of biology and statistics, including a contribution from Peter Gill, the father of DNA analysis, the book emphasizes the interpretation of test results and provides the necessary formulae in an easily accessible manner. This latest edition is fully updated and includes current and emerging techniques in this fast-moving field. The book begins by reviewing all pertinent biology, and then provides information on every aspect of DNA analysis. This includes modern interpretation methods and contemporary population genetic models available for estimating DNA frequencies or likelihood ratios. Following a chapter on procedures for validating databases, the text presents overviews and performance assessments of both modern sampling uncertainty methods and current paternity testing techniques, including new guidelines on paternity testing in alignment with the International Society for Forensic Genetics. Later chapters discuss the latest methods for mixture analysis, LCN (ultra trace) analysis and non-autosomal (mito, X, and Y) DNA analysis. The text concludes with an overview of procedures for disaster victim identification and information on DNA intelligence databases. Highlights of the second edition include: New information about PCR processes, heterozygote balance and back and forward stuttering New information on the interpretation of low template DNA, drop models and continuous models Additional coverage of lineage marker subpopulation effects, mixtures and combinations with autosomal markers This authoritative book provides a link among the biological, forensic, and interpretative domains of the DNA profiling field. It continues to serve as an invaluable resource that allows forensic scientists, technicians, molecular biologists and attorneys to use forensic DNA evidence to its greatest potential.

DNA Technology in Forensic Science

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309185580
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA Technology in Forensic Science by : National Research Council

Download or read book DNA Technology in Forensic Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matching DNA samples from crime scenes and suspects is rapidly becoming a key source of evidence for use in our justice system. DNA Technology in Forensic Science offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions that are emerging as DNA typing becomes more widespread. The volume addresses key issues: Quality and reliability in DNA typing, including the introduction of new technologies, problems of standardization, and approaches to certification. DNA typing in the courtroom, including issues of population genetics, levels of understanding among judges and juries, and admissibility. Societal issues, such as privacy of DNA data, storage of samples and data, and the rights of defendants to quality testing technology. Combining this original volume with the new update-The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence-provides the complete, up-to-date picture of this highly important and visible topic. This volume offers important guidance to anyone working with this emerging law enforcement tool: policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.

The Future of Forensic DNA Testing

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of Forensic DNA Testing by :

Download or read book The Future of Forensic DNA Testing written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A report from National Commission on the Future of DNA Evidence"--Cover.

Forensic Biology

Author : Richard Li
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420043447
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic Biology by : Richard Li

Download or read book Forensic Biology written by Richard Li and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-04-24 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed as an accessible introduction to basic scientific principles and their application in professional practice, Forensic Biology provides a concise overview of the field. Focusing solely on the science behind the forensic analysis of biological evidence, this book highlights the principles, methods, and techniques used in forensic sero

Truth Machine

Author : Michael Lynch
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226498085
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Truth Machine by : Michael Lynch

Download or read book Truth Machine written by Michael Lynch and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA profiling—commonly known as DNA fingerprinting—is often heralded as unassailable criminal evidence, a veritable “truth machine” that can overturn convictions based on eyewitness testimony, confessions, and other forms of forensic evidence. But DNA evidence is far from infallible. Truth Machine traces the controversial history of DNA fingerprinting by looking at court cases in the United States and United Kingdom beginning in the mid-1980s, when the practice was invented, and continuing until the present. Ultimately, Truth Machine presents compelling evidence of the obstacles and opportunities at the intersection of science, technology, sociology, and law.

Handbook of DNA Forensic Applications and Interpretation

Author : Amit Kumar
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811900434
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of DNA Forensic Applications and Interpretation by : Amit Kumar

Download or read book Handbook of DNA Forensic Applications and Interpretation written by Amit Kumar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook covers tested and proven DNA forensic testing methodologies, forensic bioinformatics techniques, case studies and current forensic legal framework for investigation of variety of crimes and provides a clinching evidence for speedy justice. DNA testing is widely used for forensic purposes and is changing the paradigm of (crime) investigation. The book contains chapters on usage of ultramodern DNA collection kits, presents era evidence collection and preservation, high-end DNA sample analysis in laboratory, DNA legislation, expert evidences, challenging and successful case studies, data generation and application of AI and IoT techniques for DNA data analysis, DNA databanks and training manpower to facilitate timely reporting to the requesting agencies. This handbook equips and enables police, investigators and crime analysis laboratories with knowhow of high-end tools, procedures and techniques to link or exclude a criminal to a crime. It is expected that this will be used by first responders, police, forensic analysts, judiciaries, evidence handlers and students and scholars of criminology and forensic sciences worldwide. The intention to write this handbook is to make DNA technology and its importance reach every common man and professional for correctly using it as a tool as and when required. This is quite evident that awareness of DNA technology has increased at a reasonable pace. Courts and investigating agencies are convinced and confident with its accuracy, reliability and unmatched peace delivered by various techniques of DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling.

ABA Standards for Criminal Justice

Author : American Bar Association. Criminal Justice Standards Committee
Publisher : American Bar Association
ISBN 13 : 9781590318928
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis ABA Standards for Criminal Justice by : American Bar Association. Criminal Justice Standards Committee

Download or read book ABA Standards for Criminal Justice written by American Bar Association. Criminal Justice Standards Committee and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Although the Standards in this volume are considered part of the set of Third Edition ABA Criminal Justice Standards, the earlier editions did not include standards on DNA evidence. Therefore, the Standards included here are the first ABA Criminal Justice Standards on DNA Evidence."--Page iii.

DNA in the Courtroom

Author : Howard Coleman
Publisher : DNA in the Courtroom
ISBN 13 : 9780964450707
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA in the Courtroom by : Howard Coleman

Download or read book DNA in the Courtroom written by Howard Coleman and published by DNA in the Courtroom. This book was released on 1994 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear and comprehensive guide to the scientific and legal issues surrounding forensic DNA testing.

Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles

Author : David J. Balding
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118814533
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles by : David J. Balding

Download or read book Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles written by David J. Balding and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-11 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA evidence is widely used in the modern justice system. Statistical methodology plays a key role in ensuring that this evidence is collected, interpreted, analysed and presented correctly. This book is a guide to assessing DNA evidence and presenting that evidence in a courtroom setting. It offers practical guidance to forensic scientists with little dependence on mathematical ability, and provides the scientist with the understanding they require to apply the methods in their work. Since the publication of the first edition of this book in 2005 there have been many incremental changes, and one dramatic change which is the emergence of low template DNA (LTDNA) profiles. This second edition is edited and expanded to cover the basics of LTDNA technology. The author's own open-source R code likeLTD is described and used for worked examples in the book. Commercial and free software are also covered.

DNA Evidence

Author : Cecilia Jennings
Publisher : Greenhaven Publishing LLC
ISBN 13 : 1534561757
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA Evidence by : Cecilia Jennings

Download or read book DNA Evidence written by Cecilia Jennings and published by Greenhaven Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the greatest scientific breakthroughs ever for law enforcement agencies was the discovery of DNA analysis. This relatively new science allows police to catch a criminal from evidence as small as a human hair. Informative text gives readers a basic understanding of DNA and how forensic analysts can examine criminal evidence and create a genetic chain that leads to the perpetrator. This complex topic is made easy to understand through engaging fact boxes and informative sidebars, and the science is brought into sharp focus through eye-catching photographs.

Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals

Author : Jane Moira Taupin
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 143989910X
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals by : Jane Moira Taupin

Download or read book Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals written by Jane Moira Taupin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-27 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of DNA profiling in forensic cases has been considered the most innovative technique in forensic science since fingerprinting, yet for those with limited scientific knowledge, understanding DNA enough to utilize it properly can be a daunting task. Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals is designed for nonscientific readers who need to learn how to effectively use forensic DNA in criminal cases.Written by a forensic scientist world renowned for her expertise in clothing examination, the book provides a balanced perspective on the weight of DNA evidence. Going beyond a simple explanation of the methodology, it arms attorneys and other criminal justice professionals with knowledge of the strengths and limitations of the evidence, including the danger in relying on DNA statistical probabilities in the determination of guilt. The book covers the most common DNA methods used in criminal trials today nuclear DNA short tandem repeat (STR) techniques, mitochondrial DNA, and Y-STR profiling. It helps prosecutors know when to emphasize DNA evidence or proceed with trial in the absence of such evidence. It assists defense lawyers in knowing when to challenge DNA evidence and perhaps employ an independent expert, when to focus elsewhere, or when to secure the advantage of an early guilty plea.By imparting practical and theoretical knowledge in an accessible manner, the book demystifies the topic to help both sides of the adversarial system understand where DNA evidence fits within the context of the case.

Forensic DNA Applications

Author : Dragan Primorac
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466580224
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic DNA Applications by : Dragan Primorac

Download or read book Forensic DNA Applications written by Dragan Primorac and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-01-29 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic DNA Applications: An Interdisciplinary Perspective was developed as an outgrowth of a conference held by the International Society of Applied Biological Sciences. The topic was human genome–based applications in forensic science, anthropology, and individualized medicine. Assembling the contributions of contributors from numerous regions around the world, this volume is designed as both a textbook for forensic molecular biology students and a reference for practitioners and those in the legal system. The book begins with the history and development of DNA typing and profiling for criminal and civil purposes. It discusses the statistical interpretation of results with case examples, mitochondrial DNA testing, Y single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short tandem repeats (STRs), and X SNP and STR testing. It also explores low copy number DNA typing, mixtures, and quality assurance and control. The second section examines the collection and preservation of biological evidence under a variety of different circumstances and the identification of human remains—including in mass disaster settings. It discusses applications to bioterrorism investigations, animal DNA testing in criminal cases, pedigree questions and wildlife forensic problems, applications in forensic entomology, and forensic botany. The third section explores recent developments and new technologies, including the rigorous identification of tissue of origin, mtDNA profiling using immobilized probe strips, chips and next-generation sequencing, the use of SNPs to ascertain phenotypic characteristics, and the "molecular autopsy" that looks at aspects of toxicogenetics and pharmacogenetics. The book concludes with a discussion on law, ethics, and policy. It examines the use of DNA evidence in the criminal justice system in both the United States and Europe, ethical issues in forensic laboratory practices, familial searches, DNA databases, ancestry searches, physical phenotyping, and report writing. The contributors also examine DNA applications in immigration and human trafficking cases and international perspectives on DNA databases.