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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Diversification in Commodity-dependent Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mr.Dean A. DeRosa
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Increasing Export Diversification in Commodity-Exporting Countries written by Mr.Dean A. DeRosa and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-10 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper draws on the neoclassical theory of international trade to examine the limits of efficient export diversification in low-income, commodity-exporting countries. It demonstrates the fundamental importance of relative factor endowments among countries for determining the commodity composition of international trade flows under both certain and uncertain economic conditions. In recognition of the importance of international financial markets for risk-spreading and allocating resources efficiently under uncertainty, the paper emphasizes the importance of “open” economic policies towards international trade in financial assets as well as goods.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book The World Bank Research Observer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (599 download)
Download or read book Diversification of Production and Exports in Commodity Dependent Countries, Including Single Commodity Exporters, for Industrialization and Development, Taking Into Account the Special Needs of LDCs written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264429514
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (644 download)
Download or read book Aid for Trade at a Glance 2019 Economic Diversification and Empowerment written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition analyses how trade can contribute to economic diversification and empowerment, with a focus on eliminating extreme poverty, particularly through the effective participation of women and youth. It shows how aid for trade can contribute to that objective by addressing supply-side capacity and trade-related infrastructure constraints, including for micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises notably in rural areas.
Author : Richard Newfarmer
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821376381
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Breaking Into New Markets written by Richard Newfarmer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International trade in 2009 is projected to contract for the first time since 1982. As a result, export diversifi cation has gained new urgency as one way of using exports to recover lost growth momentum. Moreover, diversifi cation is central to reducing income volatility and sustaining high growth rates, which are especially important for countries with large populations living in poverty. In the 1950s, countries became concerned that their dependence on primary products would lead to steady falls in the purchasing power of primary exports and thus slow growth. A major policy objective of developing countries since that time has been to diversify out of primary products into manufactures. Although some nations have been at least partially successful, many low-income countries remain dependent on a narrow range of primary products. 'Breaking Into New Markets' argues for a comprehensive view of diversifi cation. It explores new thinking and evidence about export diversifi cation and elaborates on policies for its promotion. These policies span tariffs and taxes, services, and government activities to help fi rms take advantage of global opportunities. The book is a compilation of chapters written as short, policy-focused pieces. Many digest longer, more academic papers in an effort to make the information accessible to a larger policy and nontechnical audience. In that sense, the book is a policy primer on what export diversifi cation can and cannot do for growth and how to make diversifi cation happen. Intelligently designed policies that effi ciently address the obstacles to export growth are critical for overall economic growth and poverty reduction. This book offers insights useful to policy makers and practitioners as they embark on efforts to design new programs of competitiveness in their trade strategies.
Author : Arnold McIntyre
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484351010
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book Economic Benefits of Export Diversification in Small States written by Arnold McIntyre and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-04-11 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper considers concepts of economic diversification with respect to exports (including service sectors) for small states. We assessed the economic performance of different groups of 34 small states over the period of 1990-2015 and found those more diversified experienced lower output volatility and higher average growth than most other small states. Our findings are consistent with conventional economic theories but we found that export diversification has a more significant impact on reducing output volatility than improving long run growth in small states. Diversification requires fundamental changes and should be contemplated in the context of a cohesive development strategy.
Author : Banji Oyelaran-Oyeyinka
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000573435
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)
Download or read book Industrialization and Economic Diversification written by Banji Oyelaran-Oyeyinka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-14 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic diversification entails a shift away from a single income source toward multiple income sources from an increasing spectrum of sectors and markets. A persistent concern for some Asian and African economies is their reliance on commodity exports and how they are exposed to the risk of export volatility and income instability. The Covid-19 pandemic and previous oil crashes have demonstrated the adverse impact on such economies. This book provides a systemic analysis of sustainable economic development through economic diversification. The book analyzes diversification and development experiences from comparative perspectives of Asia and Africa. It also investigates determinants of export diversification differentiated by commodities-dependence versus manufactured products and looks at the roles of various institutions and governance of institutions in export diversification. This book will provide policy insights into how different degrees of specialisation in exports across countries have affected outcomes in terms of living standards, economic growth and employment.
Author : Conférence des Nations Unies sur le commerce et le développement
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789211014716
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (147 download)
Download or read book Inclusive Diversification and Energy Transition written by Conférence des Nations Unies sur le commerce et le développement and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mr. Gonzalo Salinas
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513573373
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Chile: A Role Model of Export Diversification Policies? written by Mr. Gonzalo Salinas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-05-27 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Largely because of its vast copper reserves, Chile’s exports are highly concentrated on this low complexity product and this is often cited as a major drawback of its economic policy framework. However, its exogenous copper abundance conceals the country’s success in developing non-mineral and complex exports. This achievement is remarkable considering its remoteness from the large international economic centers, which limits its integration to global value chains. As suggested in this paper, this accomplishment reflects Chile’s strength in policy areas that foster non-mineral exports (including complex exports), making the country a role model in export diversification and complexity policies among emerging market countries.
Author : Rahul Giri
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498315453
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)
Download or read book Understanding Export Diversification: Key Drivers and Policy Implications written by Rahul Giri and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-14 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We identify key factors, from large set of potential determinants, that explain the variation in export diversification across countries and over time using Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA), which addresses model uncertainty and ranks factors in order of importance vis-a-vis their explanatory power. Our analysis suggests, in order to diversify, policy makers should prioritize human capital accumulation and reduce barriers to trade. Other policy areas include improving quality of institutions and developing the financial sector. For commodity exporters reducing barriers to trade is the most important driver of diversification, followed by improving education outcomes at the secondary level and financial sector development.
Author : Roman Grynberg
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191528560
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)
Download or read book Commodity Prices and Development written by Roman Grynberg and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 50 developing countries depend on three or fewer commodities for more than half of their exports and, in fact, many rely on a single commodity for a large share of export earnings. This reliance inevitability exposes countries to the risk of export earnings instability as a result of price shocks and, perhaps even more significantly, the falling purchasing power of exports over the long run due to declining real prices. Presenting for the first time a complete analysis of the issues surrounding commodity prices and development, this book is the culmination of three years of research commissioned by the Commonwealth Secretariat to look at various aspects of commodity prices. The problems faced by commodity dependent developing countries are formidable. Although diversification is the most appropriate response to the problem of the secular decline in commodity prices, long-term transformation in the economy can be a slow process and its success will depend on a host of factors such as the development of human resources, institutional capacity building, poverty alleviation, and appropriate domestic policy and environment. By granting increased aid flows and debt relief, and providing assistance to encourage production of non-traditional export items, the international community can play a proactive role in the development of the commodity dependent poor countries. Only concerted efforts both at the domestic fronts of these countries and via co-operation extended by the international community can help mitigate the problems of the world's most vulnerable economies.
Author : Karl Wohlmuth
Publisher : Lit Verlag
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 676 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Africa written by Karl Wohlmuth and published by Lit Verlag. This book was released on 2007 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume analyses policy-oriented papers, development projections, and proposals of how to overcome African countries' dependence on a few primary commodities. African countries' state of commodity dependence, their efforts to diversify exports, and their vulnerability to crises, conflicts and disasters are also discussed.
Author : Dongyeol Lee
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498315658
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)
Download or read book Export Diversification in Low-Income Countries and Small States: Do Country Size and Income Level Matter? written by Dongyeol Lee and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-24 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Export structure is less diversified in low-income countries (LICs) and especially small states that face resource constraints and small economic size. This paper explores the potential linkages between export structure and economic growth and its volatility in LICs and small states, using a range of indices of export concentration differing in the coverage of industries. The empirical analysis finds that export diversification may promote economic growth and reduce economic volatility in these countries. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that the economic benefits of export diversification differ by country size and income level—there are bigger benefits for relatively larger and poorer countries within the group of LICs and small states.
Author : Mr. Gonzalo Salinas
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513571613
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Proximity and Horizontal Policies: The Backbone of Export Diversification written by Mr. Gonzalo Salinas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-05 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lack of a clear link between general economic fundamentals and export diversification indicators in the literature has fueled the believe that industrial policies are an absolute requisite to diversify exports. This paper, however, does find a strong statistical connection between horizontal policies and diversification by making two novel changes to traditional methodologies: using export categories that lead to diversification (for example, manufactures) as dependent variables, and using a gravity-equation regression setting. Proximity to other economies explains about a third of cross-country heterogeneity in targeted exports, and four fifths together with horizontal policies. Australia, Chile, and New Zealand emerge as new role models for diversification policies.
Author : United Nations
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789211130188
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Escaping from the Commodity Dependence Trap Through Technology and Innovation written by United Nations and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commodity dependence is a trap: once a country is commodity dependent, it is difficult to develop a productive sector out of commodities and export non-commodity products. This publication argues that without strong action at the highest political level in Commodity-dependent Developing Countries (CDDCs), these countries will remain trapped for centuries. It demonstrates how technology and innovation could lead the way to economic and structural transformation in CDDCs, helping to diversify economies and lessen dependence on the commodity sector and, in turn, strengthen productivity growth. Enabling CDDCs to escape from the commodity dependence trap requires stronger cooperation between CDDCs and their trading and development partners with regard to technological acquisition and domestication. Indeed, a conducive framework for technology accessibility and its transfer to CDDCs is ultimately needed at the international level.
Author : Mr.Tim Callen
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498303234
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)
Download or read book Economic Diversification in the GCC written by Mr.Tim Callen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-12-23 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The economies of the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are heavily reliant on oil. Greater economic diversification would reduce their exposure to volatility and uncertainty in the global oil market, help create jobs in the private sector, increase productivity and sustainable growth, and help create the non-oil economy that will be needed in the future when oil revenues start to dwindle. The GCC countries have followed many of the standard policies that are usually thought to promote more diversified economies, including reforms to improve the business climate, the development of domestic infrastructure, financial deepening, and improvements in education. Nevertheless, success to date has been limited. This paper argues that increased diversification will require realigning incentives for firms and workers in the economies—fixing these incentives is the “missing link” in the GCC countries’ diversification strategies. At present, producing non-tradables is less risky and more profitable for firms as they can benefit from the easy availability of low-wage foreign labor and the rapid growth in government spending, while the continued availability of high-paying and secure public sector jobs discourages nationals from pursuing entrepreneurship and private sector employment. Measures to begin to address these incentive issues could include limiting and reorienting government spending, strengthening private sector competition, providing guarantees and financial support for those firms engaged in export activity, and implementing labor market reforms to make nationals more competitive for private sector employment.
