Distinctiveness And Imagery In Paired Associate Learning

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Distinctiveness and Memory

Author : R. Reed Hunt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190290862
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Distinctiveness and Memory by : R. Reed Hunt

Download or read book Distinctiveness and Memory written by R. Reed Hunt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-04-06 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research relevant to the topic of distinctiveness and memory dates back over 100 years and boasts a literature of well over 2,000 published articles. Throughout this history, numerous theories of distinctiveness and memory have been offered and subsequently refined. There has, however, never been a book that brings this rich history together with the latest research. This volume is the first to present an historical overview, the results of the current research, and several new theories on distinctiveness and memory. Each chapter contains a review of the relevant literature and latest research on its topic. The book includes sections that cover basic theory and behavioral research on distinctiveness, bizarreness effects, distinctiveness effects on implicit memory, the development of distinctiveness across the lifespan, distinctiveness in social context, and the neuroscience of distinctiveness and memory. In the concluding chapter, Fergus Craik offers his current perspective on distinctiveness and evaluates the various other theories of distinctiveness presented in the volume. Distinctiveness and Memory will be a valuable resource for student and professional researchers in neuroscience and cognitive, developmental, and social psychology.

Paired-Associates Learning

Author : Albert E. Goss
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483274381
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Paired-Associates Learning by : Albert E. Goss

Download or read book Paired-Associates Learning written by Albert E. Goss and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paired-Associates Learning: The Role of Meaningfulness, Similarity, and Familiarization focuses on the role of meaningfulness, similarity, and familiarization of stimuli in paired-associates (PA) learning. The book illustrates the problems, methods, findings, and theoretical implications of research findings. The book first offers information on scalings of meaningfulness, theoretical analyses, and meaningfulness in PA learning. Discussions focus on rationale and general objectives, designs of experiments, techniques, construction and use of lists, and overview and specific analyses. The text then examines similarity and familiarization, including scalings, effects of similarity on acquisition and backward recall, familiarization and transfer, and effects of familiarization. The manuscript ponders on meaning and association and summary, significance, and suggestions. Topics include theoretical analyses and significance of empirical findings and conclusions, acquired-distinctiveness training, number of and associations among elements, induction of meaning and meaningfulness, and response-mediated associations. The publication is a dependable reference for researchers interested in paired-associates learning.

Imagery and Verbal Processes

Author : A. Paivio
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317757815
Total Pages : 732 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Imagery and Verbal Processes by : A. Paivio

Download or read book Imagery and Verbal Processes written by A. Paivio and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1978. In this book the author has attempted to present a systematic theoretical and factual account of the role of higher mental processes in human learning and memory, and certain aspects of the psychology of perception and language. The major orienting theme of the book is its dual emphasis on nonverbal imagery and verbal processes (inner speech) as memory codes and mediators of behavior. Based on recent experimental evidence, the conceptual approach in a sense represents an integration of pre-behavioristic and behavioristic views concerning the nature of thought. The book is intended both as a textbook and as a theoretical monograph.

Distinctiveness and Memory

Author : R. Reed Hunt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195346971
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Distinctiveness and Memory by : R. Reed Hunt

Download or read book Distinctiveness and Memory written by R. Reed Hunt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-04-06 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research relevant to the topic of distinctiveness and memory dates back over 100 years and boasts a literature of well over 2,000 published articles. Throughout this history, numerous theories of distinctiveness and memory have been offered and subsequently refined. There has, however, never been a book that brings this rich history together with the latest research. This volume is the first to present an historical overview, the results of the current research, and several new theories on distinctiveness and memory. Each chapter contains a review of the relevant literature and latest research on its topic. The book includes sections that cover basic theory and behavioral research on distinctiveness, bizarreness effects, distinctiveness effects on implicit memory, the development of distinctiveness across the lifespan, distinctiveness in social context, and the neuroscience of distinctiveness and memory. In the concluding chapter, Fergus Craik offers his current perspective on distinctiveness and evaluates the various other theories of distinctiveness presented in the volume. Distinctiveness and Memory will be a valuable resource for student and professional researchers in neuroscience and cognitive, developmental, and social psychology.

Imagery and Cognition

Author : Cesare Cornoldi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468464078
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Imagery and Cognition by : Cesare Cornoldi

Download or read book Imagery and Cognition written by Cesare Cornoldi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Si nce the beginning of the 1970's the psychological study of imagery has shown a renewal of scientific interest reflected in a di verse body of theory, research paradigms, and data, which, with dil1iculty, ean be managed by a reader interested in imagery. Further, ment. al i lllagery appears to be an important construct in fields such as perception, memory, learning, thinking, motor behavior, cognitive development, and so on. With the diversity of theoretical and empirical work on imagery, cognition, and performance, it is increasingly problemut. ic to find a single source that provides contemporary overviews ill each field. Our purpose in organizing this book was to attempt all IIp-Lodate presentation of imagery research and theory. It is ollr hope that the volume will help serve as a starting point for the progress that will surely appear in the 1990's. This book hi:\:; its roots in the Second Workshop on Imagery and Cognition held at the University of Padova, Padova, Italy from September 21 to September 23,1988. An impressive array of research was presented at the workshop, and as the workshop unfolded several salient point. s elllerged. Though the research was diverse, it was even more so convergent on several main themes (e. g. , relations betweeen imagery and perception, imaginal coding in working memory, the role of imagery in v(;rbal memory and in memory for action events, imagery and problem solving).

Imagery

Author : John T. E. Richardson
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780863778421
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (784 download)

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Book Synopsis Imagery by : John T. E. Richardson

Download or read book Imagery written by John T. E. Richardson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced undergraduate textbook structures and integrates research on imagery under four headings: imagery as a personal or phenomenal experience; imagery as a mental representation; imagery as a property or attribute of materials; and imagery as a cognitive process that is under strategic control. A major part of the discussion under each of these headings concerns the ways in which the structures, mechanisms, and processes in the brain mediate our subjective experience of imagery and our observable behaviour when we make use of it in cognitive tasks.

Imagery

Author : Dr J Richardson
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317774612
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Imagery by : Dr J Richardson

Download or read book Imagery written by Dr J Richardson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced undergraduate textbook structures and integrates research on imagery under four headings: imagery as a personal or phenomenal experience; imagery as a mental representation; imagery as a property or attribute of materials; and imagery as a cognitive process that is under strategic control. A major part of the discussion under each of these headings concerns the ways in which the structures, mechanisms, and processes in the brain mediate our subjective experience of imagery and our observable behaviour when we make use of it in cognitive tasks.

Imagery and Related Mnemonic Processes

Author : Mark A. McDaniel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461246768
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Imagery and Related Mnemonic Processes by : Mark A. McDaniel

Download or read book Imagery and Related Mnemonic Processes written by Mark A. McDaniel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific work on mnemonics and imagery conducted in the 1960s and early 1970s was directed at testing enthusiastic claims of the efficacy of memory tech niques developed by the ancient Greeks and further refined in the popular litera ture by "professional" mnemonists. The early research on imagery and mnemonics confirmed many of these claims and also illuminated the limitations of some techniques (e. g. , bizarre imagery). As such, these seminal studies clearly were valuable in providing a solid data base and, perhaps as important, making imagery and mnemonics acceptable research areas for experimental psycholo gists and educators. After this initial surge of work, however, it seemed that sub sequent contributions met with the attitude that "mnemonic techniques and imagery help memory, what else is new?" This attitude was not completely justi fied, however, given the theoretical insights from the work of such imagery and mnemonics pioneers as Gorden Bower, Allan Paivio, and William Rohwer. In the 1980s this claim is completely unjustified. Research on mnemonics and imagery has grown in exciting ways. Researchers are tapping the area's theoretical potential, both in terms of extending basic memory theories to account for the robust effects produced by mnemonic techniques and in terms of using explanations of mnemonic effects to understand basic memory processes. Individual differences in the use of imagery and mnemonic encoding activities are also being explored. This research has provided valuable information for basic memory theories (e. g.

Visuo-spatial Working Memory

Author : Robert H. Logie
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317775465
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Visuo-spatial Working Memory by : Robert H. Logie

Download or read book Visuo-spatial Working Memory written by Robert H. Logie and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-03-18 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Representation of the visual and spatial properties of our environment is a pivotal requirement of everyday cognition. We can mentally represent the visual form of objects. We can extract information from several of the senses as to the location of objects in relation to ourselves and to other objects nearby. For some of those objects we can reach out and manipulate them. We can also imagine ourselves manipulating objects in advance of doing so, or even when it would be impossible to do so physically. The problem posed to science is how these cognitive operations are accomplished, and proffered accounts lie in two essentially parallel research endeavours, working memory and imagery. Working memory is thought to pervade everyday cognition, to provide on-line processing and temporary storage, and to update, moment to moment, our representation of the current state of our environment and our interactions with that environment. There is now a strong case for the claims of working memory in the area of phonological and articulatory functions, all of which appear to contribute to everyday activities such as counting, arithmetic, vocabulary acquisition, and some aspects of reading and language comprehension. The claims for visual and spatial working memory functions are less convincing. Most notable has been the assumption that visual and spatial working memory are intimately involved in the generation, retention and manipulations of visual images. There has until recently been little hard evidence to justify that assumption, and the research on visual and spatial working memory has focused on a relatively restricted range of imagery tasks and phenomena. In a more or less independent development, the literature on visual imagery has now amassed a voluminous corpus of data and theory about a wide range of imagery phenomena. Despite this, few books on imagery refer to the concept of working memory in any detail, or specify the nature of the working memory system that might be involved in mental imagery. This essay follows a line of reconciliation and positive critiquing in exploring the possible overlap between mental imagery and working memory. Theoretical development in the book draws on data from both cognitive psychology and cognitive neuropsychology. The aim is to stimulate debate, to address directly a number of assumptions that hitherto have been implicit, and to assess the contribution of the concept of working memory to our understanding of these intriguing core aspects of human cognition.

Paired-associates Learning

Author : Albert E. Goss
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Paired-associates Learning by : Albert E. Goss

Download or read book Paired-associates Learning written by Albert E. Goss and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Poor Reception

Author : Barrie Gunter
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136474692
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis Poor Reception by : Barrie Gunter

Download or read book Poor Reception written by Barrie Gunter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 1990, Poor Reception is a valuable contribution to the field of Communication Studies.

Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning

Author : Norbert M. Seel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441914277
Total Pages : 3643 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning by : Norbert M. Seel

Download or read book Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning written by Norbert M. Seel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 3643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and – as a result of the emergence of computer technologies – especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely. The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences.

Memory

Author : Bennett L. Schwartz
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1412972531
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Memory by : Bennett L. Schwartz

Download or read book Memory written by Bennett L. Schwartz and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering cognitive experiments, patients with memory disorders, the areas of the brain involved in memory, and the cognitive theory that links this research together, Memory: Foundations and Applications offers a unique emphasis on how an understanding of the science of memory can be applied to education, police investigations, courtrooms, memory clinics, and everyday life. In addition, this innovative book shows students how to use these principles to improve their own ability to learn and remember.

Psychological Processes and Advertising Effects

Author : Linda F. Alwitt
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000549127
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychological Processes and Advertising Effects by : Linda F. Alwitt

Download or read book Psychological Processes and Advertising Effects written by Linda F. Alwitt and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-02-16 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1980s our understanding of how advertising affects consumer behavior was undergoing a dramatic transformation. Recent theoretical and methodological advances in cognitive psychology, social cognition, and artificial intelligence were largely responsible for this transformation. These advances provided a better understanding of the information acquisition process and how information is stored in memory. Consequently, we have been able to incorporate memory, the processing of visual information and affect into our models of advertising effects. However, there were still many unanswered questions. Among these are: (1) Exactly what is the relationship between the different mediators of persuasion? (2) How is memory for advertising related to persuasion? (3) What are the theoretical underpinnings of attitude toward the advertisement? (4) What determines the effect of persuasion over time? (5) What factors affect attention to advertising? (6) What psychological processes occur during the watching of a television commercial? and (7) What factors affect individual differences in the processing of advertising messages? Originally published in 1985, the chapters in this volume provide insights into these questions. They are organized in terms of four psychological processes which contribute to our understanding of how advertising works. These are affective reactions to advertisements, persuasion, psychological processes during television viewing, and involvement.

The Foundations of Remembering

Author : James S. Nairne
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1136872213
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis The Foundations of Remembering by : James S. Nairne

Download or read book The Foundations of Remembering written by James S. Nairne and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2011-12-06 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Foundations of Remembering presents a collection of essays written by top memory scholars in honor of Henry L. Roediger III. The chapters were originally delivered as part of the "Roddyfest" conference held in March 2005 to celebrate Purdue University's awarding of an honorary doctor of letters to Roediger in recognition of his many contributions to the field of psychology. Authors were given a simple charge: choose your own topic, but place your work in historical context. Roediger is fascinated by the intellectual lineage of ideas, so addressing historical "foundations" seemed a fitting tribute. The Chapters contained in this volume help to establish the foundations of remembering, circa the first decade of the 21st century, as perceived by some of the leading memory researchers in the world. Not surprisingly, each of the chapters touches on Roediger's research as well, largely because his work has helped to define and clarify many topics of interest to the memory field. The Foundations of Remembering is intended for a wide audience: students, scholars, and anyone interested in exploring the historical and conceptual roots of modern memory theory.

Imagery and Verbal Processes

Author : A. Paivio
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317757823
Total Pages : 609 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Imagery and Verbal Processes by : A. Paivio

Download or read book Imagery and Verbal Processes written by A. Paivio and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1978. In this book the author has attempted to present a systematic theoretical and factual account of the role of higher mental processes in human learning and memory, and certain aspects of the psychology of perception and language. The major orienting theme of the book is its dual emphasis on nonverbal imagery and verbal processes (inner speech) as memory codes and mediators of behavior. Based on recent experimental evidence, the conceptual approach in a sense represents an integration of pre-behavioristic and behavioristic views concerning the nature of thought. The book is intended both as a textbook and as a theoretical monograph.

Mental Images in Human Cognition

Author : R.H. Logie
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080867340
Total Pages : 451 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Mental Images in Human Cognition by : R.H. Logie

Download or read book Mental Images in Human Cognition written by R.H. Logie and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1991-06-25 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the research efforts of individuals whose scientific expertise lies in reflection on what Sartre described as reflective acts. Theory in the cognitive psychology of mental imagery, endeavors not only being able to describe the contents and nature of mental imagery, but also being able to understand the underlying functional cognition. Psychologists need not solely rely on the techniques of introspection, and the last two decades have seen highly creative developments in techniques for eliciting behavioural data to be complemented by introspective reports. This level of sophistication has provided singular insights into the relationship between imagery and other consequential and universal aspects of human cognition: perception, memory, verbal processes and problem solving. The recognition that imagery, despite its ubiquitous nature, differs between individuals both in prevalence and in kind, and the dramatic rise in cognitive science has provided the additional potential for integrating our understanding of cognitive function with our understanding of neuroanatomy and of computer science. All of these relationships, developments and issues are dealt with in detail in this book, by some of the most distinguished authors in imagery research, working at present in both Europe and the USA.