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Dissolution Rates Of Polymethyl Methacrylate In Mixtures Of Non Solvents
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Book Synopsis Dissolution Rates of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) in Mixtures of Non-Solvents by : R. J. Groele
Download or read book Dissolution Rates of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) in Mixtures of Non-Solvents written by R. J. Groele and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As predicted by thermodynamic studies of polymer conformation, high molecular weight poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, dissolves cleanly, and at a constant rate, in a 7:3 mixture of 1-butanol and acetonitrile although neither liquid is a solvent for PMMA by itself. Mixtures of other alcohols with acetonitrile also dissolve PMMA. When mixture with the same fraction of acetonitrile are compared, methanol dissolves PMMA almost twice as fast, ethanol and hexanol at about the same rate, and 2-propanol somewhat more slowly than the 1-butanol mixture with acetonitrile. The measurements of dissolution rate were made using a laser interferometer at 20 C. Keywords: Microlithography, Resists, Poly(methyl methacrylate). (aw).
Book Synopsis The Dissolution Rate of Thin Polymer Films in Mixed Solvents by : Wendy Joan Cooper
Download or read book The Dissolution Rate of Thin Polymer Films in Mixed Solvents written by Wendy Joan Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Technical Reports Awareness Circular : TRAC. by :
Download or read book Technical Reports Awareness Circular : TRAC. written by and published by . This book was released on 1989-07 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Polymer Science and Technology by : Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff
Download or read book Handbook of Polymer Science and Technology written by Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989-07-31 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polymers for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications by : Vandana Patravale
Download or read book Polymers for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications written by Vandana Patravale and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-01-16 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications: Fundamentals, Selection, and Preparation supports the successful selection, design, and development of polymers with the required properties and performance for a range of advanced pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. The book begins by introducing polymers for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, examining classification, basic properties, structures, and grades. This is followed by in-depth chapters focusing on synthesis and modification, characterization techniques, and dissolution and solubility of polymers for pharmaceutical applications. Key applications are then highlighted, with chapters explaining in detail the preparation of polymers for conventional dosage, modified drug delivery, conjugates, advanced drug and gene delivery, medical devices, pharmaceutical packaging, tissue engineering, artificial organs, and dentistry. Throughout the book, the aim is to provide accessible, step-by-step coverage, supported by diagrams and case studies. Finally, safety and regulatory aspects are discussed. This is a valuable resource for all those who are newly approaching the field of polymers and product development for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. This includes researchers and advanced students across polymer science, pharmaceutical science, biomaterials, biomedicine, healthcare, and chemistry, and scientists and R&D professionals in an industrial setting. - Explains fundamental concepts relating to the synthesis, modification, and characterization of polymers - Guides the reader towards successful selection of polymer systems for specific target applications - Addresses key challenges in this field that are supported by case studies and regulatory information
Book Synopsis Advances in Resist Technology and Processing by :
Download or read book Advances in Resist Technology and Processing written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Advisory Committee on Technology and Society Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :9780309037860 Total Pages :1298 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (378 download)
Book Synopsis Cities and Their Vital Systems by : Advisory Committee on Technology and Society
Download or read book Cities and Their Vital Systems written by Advisory Committee on Technology and Society and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 1298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cities and Their Vital Systems asks basic questions about the longevity, utility, and nature of urban infrastructures; analyzes how they grow, interact, and change; and asks how, when, and at what cost they should be replaced. Among the topics discussed are problems arising from increasing air travel and airport congestion; the adequacy of water supplies and waste treatment; the impact of new technologies on construction; urban real estate values; and the field of "telematics," the combination of computers and telecommunications that makes money machines and national newspapers possible.
Book Synopsis Advances in Resist Technology and Processing IV by : M. J. Bowden
Download or read book Advances in Resist Technology and Processing IV written by M. J. Bowden and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissolution Rates of Copolymers Based on 4-Hydroxystyrene and Styrene by :
Download or read book Dissolution Rates of Copolymers Based on 4-Hydroxystyrene and Styrene written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Copolymers were synthesized by free-radical polymerization using 4- acetoxystyrene and styrene in various ratios. These polymers then were hydrolyzed to the corresponding 4-hydroxystyrene (phenol) copolymers. The dissolution rates of the copolymers (using laser interferometry) decreased with a decrease in hydroxyl group content in aqueous developers (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and a tetramethylammonium hydroxide based commercial developer). While an increase in pH value enhances the dissolution, an increase in cation size of these hydroxides at constant pH decreases the dissolution rate. The polymers become essentially insoluble in aqueous developers when the content of the monomer containing the hydroxyl group is less than 70 mole%. The dissolution rate of P(4HS/S) in organic solvents, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and their mixtures, increases as the styrene content increases. However, in IPA, dissolution rate goes through a maximum and then drops down with styrene content greater than 50 mole%. In mixtures of these two solvents, the polymer dissolves faster than it does in either pure solvent.
Book Synopsis Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics by :
Download or read book Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-10-08 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics merges two long-running serials--Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical & Electron Microscopy. The series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.
Download or read book Fine Line Lithography written by R Newman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Processing - Theory and Practices, Volume 1: Fine Line Lithography reviews technical information as well as the theory and practices of materials processing. It looks at very large scale integration (VLSI) technology, with emphasis on the creation of fine line patterned structures that make up the devices and interconnects of complex functional circuits. It also describes a variety of other technologies that provide finer patterns, from modified versions of optical methods to electron-optic systems, non-plus-ultra of X-ray techniques, and dry processing that uses the chemical or kinetic energies of gas molecules or ions. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the fundamentals of electron and X-ray lithography, with a focus on resists and the way they function, and how they are used in microfabrication. It then discusses electron scattering and its effects on resist exposure and development, electron-beam lithography equipment, X-ray lithography, and optical methods for fine line lithography. It systematically introduces the reader to electron-beam projection techniques, dry processing methods, and application of electron-beam technology to large-scale integrated circuits. Other chapters focus on contact and proximity printing, projection printing, deep-UV lithography, and shadow printing with electrons and ions. The book describes reactive plasma etching and ion beam etching before concluding with a look at factors affecting the performance of the scanning-probe type of systems. This book is a valuable resource for materials engineers and processing engineers, as well as those in the academics and industry.
Book Synopsis The MEMS Handbook by : Mohamed Gad-el-Hak
Download or read book The MEMS Handbook written by Mohamed Gad-el-Hak and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-09-27 with total page 1386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revolution is well underway. Our understanding and utilization of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are growing at an explosive rate with a worldwide market approaching billions of dollars. In time, microdevices will fill the niches of our lives as pervasively as electronics do right now. But if these miniature devices are to fulfill their mammoth potential, today's engineers need a thorough grounding in the underlying physics, modeling techniques, fabrication methods, and materials of MEMS. The MEMS Handbook delivers all of this and more. Its team of authors-unsurpassed in their experience and standing in the scientific community- explore various aspects of MEMS: their design, fabrication, and applications as well as the physical modeling of their operations. Designed for maximum readability without compromising rigor, it provides a current and essential overview of this fledgling discipline.
Download or read book Drexel Polymer Notes written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government reports annual index by :
Download or read book Government reports annual index written by and published by . This book was released on 199? with total page 1362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A User's Guide to Ellipsometry by : Harland G. Tompkins
Download or read book A User's Guide to Ellipsometry written by Harland G. Tompkins and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is specifically designed for the user who wishes expanded use of ellipsometry beyond the relatively limited number of turn-key applications. The book provides a concise discussion of theory and instrumentation before describing how to use optical parameters to determine material properties and optical parameters for inaccessible substrates and unknown films, and how to measure extremely thin films. The book also addresses polysilicon, a material commonly used in the microelectronics industry, and the effect of substrate roughness. This book's concepts and applications are reinforced through the 14 case studies that illustrate specific applications of ellipsometry from the semiconductor industry as well as studies involving corrosion and oxide growth. - Allows the user to optimize turn-key operation of ellipsometers and move beyond limited turn-key applications - Provides comprehensive discussion of the measurement of film thickness and optical constants in film - Discusses the trajectories of the ellipsometric parameters Del and Psi and how changes in the materials affect the parameter - Includes 14 case studies to reinforce specific applications - Includes three appendices for helpful references
Book Synopsis Modern Technology of Plastic & Polymer Processing Industries by : NIIR Board
Download or read book Modern Technology of Plastic & Polymer Processing Industries written by NIIR Board and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2003-06-04 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Indian plastic and polymer industry has taken great strides. In the last few decades, the industry has grown to the status of a leading sector in the country with a sizable base. The material is gaining notable importance in different spheres of activity and the per capita consumption is increasing at a fast pace. Continuous advancements and developments in polymer technology, processing machineries, expertise and cost effective manufacturing is fast replacing the typical materials in different segments with plastics. Plastics play a very important role in our daily lives. Throughout the world the demand for plastic, particularly plastic packaging, continues to rapidly grow. Polymer processing industry deals with the manufacture and production of polymer and synthetic substances for example acrylic plastics: poly (methyl methacrylate), poly vinyl chloride (PVC), polyamides, polyesters, cellulose plastics etc. Plastic is incredibly versatile and can be made from different ingredients, moulded into any shape, and put to a huge range of uses across industry and the rest of society. Polymer Energy system is an award winning, innovative, proprietary process to convert waste plastics into renewable energy. Polymers are the most rapidly growing sector of the materials industry. No wonder polymers are found in everything from compact discs to high tech aerospace applications. On the basis of value added, Indian share of plastic products industry is about 0.5% of national GDP. This book majorly deals with properties and applications of engineering, the strength of thermoplastic composites, and the application of thermoplastic structural composites, applications of differential scanning, calorimetry and polymer characterization, polymer degradation and stabilization, advances in photo degradation and stabilization of polyurethanes and so on. This book also consists of raw material suppliers for plastic and plastic products, manufacturers of plastic processing machinery, plastics processing machinery and equipment (foreign), machinery and equipment for plastic converting, extruders and extrusion lines, injection moulding machines and so on. This book offers, in standardized and readily accessible information on the synthesis, structure, properties and applications of the most important polymeric materials. It has been designed as a text giving a balanced coverage of the science and technology of polymers finding major applications plastics. This book is very useful for industrialists, consultants, research scholars and institutes. TAGS best small and cottage scale industries, Business consultancy, Business consultant, Copolymerization And Techniques Of Polymerization, Establish Plastic Product Making Plant, future of plastic industry in India, Get started in small-scale food manufacturing, Growth Polymerization, How Plastics Are Made, How to Start a plastic business?, How to Start a Plastic Manufacturing Business, how to start a plastic manufacturing business in India, How to Start a plastic Production Business, How to start a successful plastic business, how to start plastic industry, How to Start Plastic Manufacturing Industry (Plastics and Polymer Processing Industries), How to Start plastic Processing Industry in India, Indian plastics industry, modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable plastic Processing Business Ideas, new small scale ideas in plastic processing industry, NPCS, Opportunity in the Indian Plastic Industry, plastic and polymer industry, plastic Based Small Scale Industries Projects, plastic business ideas, plastic business opportunities, plastic Business, plastic factory project plan, plastic factory setup, plastic industry in India, plastic industry process, plastic Making Small Business Manufacturing, Plastic Manufacturing Industry, plastic Processing & plastic Based Profitable Projects, plastic Processing Industry in India, plastic Processing Projects, Plastics & Polymers Technology Books, Plastics industry Plastics: Materials And Processing Technology, Polymer Characteristics, Polymer Degradation and Stabilization, Preparation of Project Profiles, Process technology books, Profitable Plastic Product Manufacturing Business, Profitable plastic Small Scale Manufacturing, profitable small and cottage scale industries, Project identification and selection, Properties and Applications of Thermoplastic, Setting up and opening your plastic Business, Small scale Commercial plastic making, small scale plastic production line, Starting a Plastic Manufacturing Plant: Startup Business, Starting a plastic Processing Business, Thermogravimetry, Thermoplastic Composites, Thermoplastic Structural
