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Development Of Novel Electrocatalyst For Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
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Book Synopsis DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ELECTROCATALYST FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS. by :
Download or read book DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ELECTROCATALYST FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS. written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is one of the strongest contenders as a power source for space & electric vehicle applications. Platinum catalyst is used for both fuel and air electrodes in PEMFCs. CO contamination of H2 greatly affects electrocatalysts used at the anode of polymer electrolyte fuel cells and decrease the cell performance. Pt-Ru catalyst had been recognized to alleviate this problem by showing better tolerance to CO poisoning than only Pt catalyst. This irreversible poisoning of the anode can be happened even in concentrations as little as a few ppm, and therefore, require expensive scrubbing to reduce the contaminant concentration to acceptable level. In order to commercialize this environmentally sound source of energy/power system, development of suitable impurity tolerant catalyst is needed. This project will develop novel electrocatalysts for the PEMFCs and demonstrate the feasibility of a H2/O2 fuel cell base on these materials. This project, if successful, will reduce the costs due to reduce Pt catalyst loading or use non-precious metals. It will increase the PEM fuel cell performance by increasing catalyst tolerance to methanol oxidation intermediate products (CO) and fuel impurities (H2S), which will generate substantial interest for commercialization of the PEM fuel cell technology.
Book Synopsis PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers by : Jiujun Zhang
Download or read book PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers written by Jiujun Zhang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-26 with total page 1147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are promising clean energy converting devices with high efficiency and low to zero emissions. Such power sources can be used in transportation, stationary, portable and micro power applications. The key components of these fuel cells are catalysts and catalyst layers. “PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers” provides a comprehensive, in-depth survey of the field, presented by internationally renowned fuel cell scientists. The opening chapters introduce the fundamentals of electrochemical theory and fuel cell catalysis. Later chapters investigate the synthesis, characterization, and activity validation of PEM fuel cell catalysts. Further chapters describe in detail the integration of the electrocatalyst/catalyst layers into the fuel cell, and their performance validation. Researchers and engineers in the fuel cell industry will find this book a valuable resource, as will students of electrochemical engineering and catalyst synthesis.
Book Synopsis Development of Novel Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) by : Sumana Sharmin
Download or read book Development of Novel Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) written by Sumana Sharmin and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book PEM Fuel Cells written by Gurbinder Kaur and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PEM Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Advanced Technologies, and Practical Application provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles of PEM fuel cell, their working condition and application, and the latest breakthroughs and challenges for fuel cell technology. Each chapter follows a systematic and consistent structure with clear illustrations and diagrams for easy understanding. The opening chapters address the basics of PEM technology; stacking and membrane electrode assembly for PEM, degradation mechanisms of electrocatalysts, platinum dissolution and redeposition, carbon-support corrosion, bipolar plates and carbon nanotubes for the PEM, and gas diffusion layers. Thermodynamics, operating conditions, and electrochemistry address fuel cell efficiency and the fundamental workings of the PEM. Instruments and techniques for testing and diagnosis are then presented alongside practical tests. Dedicated chapters explain how to use MATLAB and COMSOL to conduct simulation and modeling of catalysts, gas diffusion layers, assembly, and membrane. Degradation and failure modes are discussed in detail, providing strategies and protocols for mitigation. High-temperature PEMs are also examined, as are the fundamentals of EIS. Critically, the environmental impact and life cycle of the production and storage of hydrogen are addressed, as are the risk and durability issues of PEMFC technology. Dedicated chapters are presented on the economics and commercialization of PEMFCs, including discussion of installation costs, initial capital costs, and the regulatory frameworks; apart from this, there is a separate chapter on their application to the automotive industry. Finally, future challenges and applications are considered. PEM Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Advanced Technologies, and Practical Application provides an in-depth and comprehensive reference on every aspect of PEM fuel cells fundamentals, ideal for researchers, graduates, and students. Presents the fundamentals of PEM fuel cell technology, electrolytes, membranes, modeling, conductivity, recent trends, and future applications Addresses commercialization, public policy, and the environmental impacts of PEMFC in dedicated chapters Presents state-of-the-art PEMFC research alongside the underlying concepts
Book Synopsis Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Evolution by : Abhijit Ray
Download or read book Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Evolution written by Abhijit Ray and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-12-05 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book starts with a theoretical understanding of electrocatalysis in the framework of density functional theory followed by a vivid review of oxygen reduction reactions. A special emphasis has been placed on electrocatalysts for a proton-exchange membrane-based fuel cell where graphene with noble metal dispersion plays a significant role in electron transfer at thermodynamically favourable conditions. The latter part of the book deals with two 2D materials with high economic viability and process ability and MoS2 and WS2 for their prospects in water-splitting from renewable energy.
Download or read book משה טוכמן written by and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS. by : Shamsuddin Ilias
Download or read book DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS. written by Shamsuddin Ilias and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert the available chemical free energy directly into electrical energy, without going through heat exchange process. Of all different types of fuel cells, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is one of the most promising power sources for stand-alone utility and electric vehicle applications. Platinum (Pt) Catalyst is used for both fuel and air electrodes in PEMFCs. However, carbon monoxide (CO) contamination of H{sub 2} greatly affects electro catalysts used at the anode of PEMFCs and decreases cell performance. The irreversible poisoning of the anode can occur even in CO concentrations as low as few parts per million (ppm). In this work, we have synthesized several novel elctrocatalysts (Pt/C, Pt/Ru/C, Pt/Mo/C, Pt/Ir and Pt/Ru/Mo) for PEMFCs. These catalysts have been tested for CO tolerance in the H{sub 2}/air fuel cell, using CO concentrations in the H{sub 2} fuel that varies from 10 to 100 ppm. The performance of the electrodes was evaluated by determining the cell potential against current density. The effects of catalyst composition and electrode film preparation method on the performance of PEM fuel cell were also studied. It was found that at 70 C and 3.5 atm pressure at the cathode, Pt-alloy catalyst (10 wt% Pt/Ru/C, 20 wt% Pt/Mo/C) were more CO tolerant than the 20 wt% Pt/C catalyst alone. It was also observed that spraying method was better than the brushing technique for the preparation of electrode film.
Book Synopsis Low Platinum Fuel Cell Technologies by : Junliang Zhang
Download or read book Low Platinum Fuel Cell Technologies written by Junliang Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-11-21 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to the fundamental physics and chemistry of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), followed by discussions on recent advances in low platinum electrocatalysis and related catalyst development for PEMFC (the book’s primary focus), methods of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) fabrication for low platinum catalysts, and durability issues in connection with MEA. While energy and environmental issues are becoming the two main subjects in global sustainable development, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a clean and efficient new energy technology, has attracted more and more attention in recent years The major hurdle for more extensive applications of the PEMFC, especially for the automotive sector, is the high platinum loading requirement. Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals and methods of low platinum PEMFC. This book is intended for researchers, engineers and graduate students in the fields of new energy technology, the fuel cell vehicle industry and fuel cell design.
Book Synopsis Development of Novel Nanopowder Electrocatalysts for Direct Ethanol Polymer-electrolyte-membrane Fuel Cells by : Kenneth William Lux
Download or read book Development of Novel Nanopowder Electrocatalysts for Direct Ethanol Polymer-electrolyte-membrane Fuel Cells written by Kenneth William Lux and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 6 by : Thomas Francis Fuller
Download or read book Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 6 written by Thomas Francis Fuller and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2006 with total page 1385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The symposium was devoted to all aspects of research development and engineering of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Three subareas were covered: materials and electrode processes, fuel cell systems, and durability.
Book Synopsis Materials for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells by : Bradley Ladewig
Download or read book Materials for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells written by Bradley Ladewig and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are a large number of books available on fuel cells; however, the majority are on specific types of fuel cells such as solid oxide fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, or on specific technical aspects of fuel cells, e.g., the system or stack engineering. Thus, there is a need for a book focused on materials requirements in fuel cells. Key Materials in Low-Temperature Fuel Cells is a concise source of the most important and key materials and catalysts in low-temperature fuel cells. A related book will cover key materials in high-temperature fuel cells. The two books form part of the "Materials for Sustainable Energy & Development" series. Key Materials in Low-Temperature Fuel Cells brings together world leaders and experts in this field and provides a lucid description of the materials assessment of fuel cell technologies. With an emphasis on the technical development and applications of key materials in low-temperature fuel cells, this text covers fundamental principles, advancement, challenges, and important current research themes. Topics covered include: proton exchange membrane fuel cells, direct methanol and ethanol fuel cells, microfluidic fuel cells, biofuel cells, alkaline membrane fuel cells, functionalized carbon nanotubes as catalyst supports, nanostructured Pt catalysts, non-PGM catalysts, membranes, and materials modeling. This book is an essential reference source for researchers, engineers and technicians in academia, research institutes and industry working in the fields of fuel cells, energy materials, electrochemistry and materials science and engineering.
Book Synopsis Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Electrocatalysts by : Richard Esposito
Download or read book Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Electrocatalysts written by Richard Esposito and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents current research in fuel cells which are growing in importance as sources of sustainable energy and are forming part of the changing program of energy resources. Fuel cells provide environmentally friendly, clean and highly efficient energy source for power generation. In order to efficiently utilize the energy from fuel cells, a power conditioning system is required. This book describes the converters' basic operating principles and analyzes performance for low-voltage, high-power fuel cell applications. Full three-dimensional, multi-phase, non-isothermal computational fluid dynamics models of planar and novel tubular-shaped air-breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cell are also presented in detail. Research and review of electrocatalysts such as platinum are presented as well.
Author :Supramaniam Srinivasan Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :0387354026 Total Pages :707 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (873 download)
Book Synopsis Fuel Cells by : Supramaniam Srinivasan
Download or read book Fuel Cells written by Supramaniam Srinivasan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-12-31 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise sourcebook of the electrochemical, engineering and economic principles involved in the development and commercialization of fuel cells offers a thorough review of applications and techno-economic assessment of fuel cell technologies, plus in-depth discussion of conventional and novel approaches for generating energy. Parts I and II explain basic and applied electrochemistry relevant to an understanding of fuel cells. Part III covers engineering and technology aspects. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students and scientists interested in fuel cells. Unlike any other current book on fuel cells, each chapter includes problems based on the discussions in the text.
Book Synopsis Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Degradation by : Matthew M. Mench
Download or read book Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Degradation written by Matthew M. Mench and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For full market implementation of PEM fuel cells to become a reality, two main limiting technical issues must be overcome- cost and durability. This cutting-edge volume directly addresses the state-of-the-art advances in durability within every fuel cell stack component. [...] chapters on durability in the individual fuel cell components -- membranes, electrodes, diffusion media, and bipolar plates -- highlight specific degradation modes and mitigation strategies. The book also includes chapters which synthesize the component-related failure modes to examine experimental diagnostics, computational modeling, and laboratory protocol"--Back cover.
Download or read book PEM Fuel Cells written by Yun Wang and published by Momentum Press. This book was released on 2013-04-06 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells convert chemical energy in hydrogen into electrical energy with water as the only by-product. Thus, PEM fuel cells hold great promise to reduce both pollutant emissions and dependency on fossil fuels, especially for transportation—passenger cars, utility vehicles, and buses—and small-scale stationary and portable power generators. But one of the greatest challenges to realizing the high efficiency and zero emissions potential of PEM fuel cells technology is heat and water management. This book provides an introduction to the essential concepts for effective thermal and water management in PEM fuel cells and an assessment on the current status of fundamental research in this field. The book offers you: • An overview of current energy and environmental challenges and their imperatives for the development of renewable energy resources, including discussion of the role of PEM fuel cells in addressing these issues; • Reviews of basic principles pertaining to PEM fuel cells, including thermodynamics, electrochemical reaction kinetics, flow, heat and mass transfer; and • Descriptions and discussions of water transport and management within a PEM fuel cell, including vapor- and liquid-phase water removal from the electrodes, the effects of two-phase flow, and solid water or ice dynamics and removal, particularly the specialized case of starting a PEM fuel cell at sub-freezing temperatures (cold start) and the various processes related to ice formation.
Book Synopsis Development of Novel Nanomaterials for High -performance and Low-cost Fuel Cell Applicatgions by : Shuhu Sun
Download or read book Development of Novel Nanomaterials for High -performance and Low-cost Fuel Cell Applicatgions written by Shuhu Sun and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are promising energy converting technologies to generate electricity by mainly using hydrogen as a fuel, producing water as the only exhaust. However, short life-time and high cost of Pt catalyst are the main obstacles for the commercialization of PEMFCs. In the conventional carbon black upported platinum nanoparticle (NP) commercial catalyst, carbon supports are prone to oxidation and corrosion over time that results in Pt NPs migration, coalescence, even detaching from the catalyst support. In addition, Ostwald ripening of the Pt NPs could also occur due to their high surface energy and zero dimensional structural features. All these contribute to the degradation of fuel cell performance. This research aims at fabricating various advanced nanomaterials, including (1) Pt-based highly efficient nanocatalysts and (2) alternative nanostructured durable catalyst supports, to address the above-mentioned challenges in PEMFCs. It is well known that the catalytic activity and durability of Pt catalysts are highly dependent on their size and shape. In contrast to commercially-used Pt spherical nanoparticles, one-dimensional (1D) structures of Pt, such as nanowires (NWs), exhibit additional advantages associated with their anisotropy and unique structure. We first reported a new approach to address both activity and durability challenges of PEM fuel cells by using 1D Pt nanowires (PtNWs) as electrocatalyst. Pt NWs were synthesized via a very simple environmentally-friendly aqueous solution route at room temperature, without the need of heating, surfactants or complicated experimental apparatus. This novel PtNW nanostructure showed much improved activity and durability than the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C catalyst which is made of Pt nanoparticles. Further, Pt NWs were grown on Sn@CNT nanocable support to form a novel 3D fuel-cell electrode (PtNW/Sn@CNT). This approach allows us to combine the advantages of both PtNW catalyst and Sn@CNT 3D nanocable support for fuel cell applications. The PtNW/Sn@CNT 3D electrodes showed greatly enhanced electrocatalytic activities for ORR, MOR and improved CO tolerance than commercial Pt/C nanoparticle catalyst. To save more platinum, ultrathin Pt NWs with even smaller diameters of 2.5 nm (vs. 4 nm reported in our previous work) have been successfully synthesized when using N-doped CNTs as support. Direct evidence for the formation of ultrathin Pt NWs was provided by systematically investigating their growth process under TEM. Nitrogen doping in CNTs played a key role in the formation of ultrathin Pt nanowires. In terms of low durability of PEM fuel cell catalysts, the corrosion of current commonly-used carbon black support materials have been identified to be the major contributor to the catalyst failure. One of the major challenges lies in the development of inexpensive, efficient, and highly durable alternative catalyst supports that possess high corrosion resistance, high conductivity and high surface area. In this work, a series of promising alternative nanostructured catalyst supports, including 0D Nb-doped CNTs as support. Direct evidence for the formation of ultrathin Pt NWs was provided by systematically investigating their growth process under TEM. Nitrogen doping in CNTs played a key role in the formation of ultrathin Pt nanowires. In terms of low durability of PEM fuel cell catalysts, the corrosion of current commonly-used carbon black support materials have been identified to be the major contributor to the catalyst failure. One of the major challenges lies in the development of inexpensive, efficient, and highly durable alternative catalyst supports that possess high corrosion resistance, high conductivity and high surface area. In this work, a series of promising alternative nanostructured catalyst supports, including 0D Nb-doped TiO2 hollow nanospheres, 1D TiSix-NCNT nanostructures, and 2D graphene nanosheets, have been synthesized by various methods and used as catalyst supports. Pt nanoparticles were then deposited on these novel supports, showing enhanced catalytic activities and durabilities. Most interestingly, a new technique, atomic layer deposition (ALD), was used to uniformly deposit Pt nanoparticles, subnanometer clusters and single atoms on graphene nanosheets. Downsizing Pt nanoparticles to clusters or even single atoms could significantly increase their catalytic activity and is therefore highly desirable to maximize the efficiency. In summary, the discoveries in this thesis contribute to applying various novel nanostructured materials to design highly active and stable electrocatalyst and durable catalyst support to develop high performance and low cost PEM fuel cells.
Book Synopsis Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Evolution - Theory to Design by : Ranjan K. Pati
Download or read book Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Evolution - Theory to Design written by Ranjan K. Pati and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book starts with a theoretical understanding of electrocatalysis in the framework of density functional theory followed by a vivid review of oxygen reduction reactions. A special emphasis has been placed on electrocatalysts for a proton-exchange membrane-based fuel cell where graphene with noble metal dispersion plays a significant role in electron transfer at thermodynamically favourable conditions. The latter part of the book deals with two 2D materials with high economic viability and process ability and MoS2 and WS2 for their prospects in water-splitting from renewable energy.
