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Development Of Information On External Factors Affecting Small Business
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Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety, and Research Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :58 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Development of Information on External Factors Affecting Small Business by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety, and Research
Download or read book Development of Information on External Factors Affecting Small Business written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety, and Research and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety, and Research Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :43 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (654 download)
Book Synopsis Development of Information on External Factors Affecting Small Business by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety, and Research
Download or read book Development of Information on External Factors Affecting Small Business written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety, and Research and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety, and Research Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :60 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (18 download)
Book Synopsis Development of Information on External Factors Affecting Small Business by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety, and Research
Download or read book Development of Information on External Factors Affecting Small Business written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety, and Research and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Small Business Management and Control of the Uncertain External Environment by : Konstantinos Biginas
Download or read book Small Business Management and Control of the Uncertain External Environment written by Konstantinos Biginas and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2022-03-15 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection investigates the potential impact of long-term planning and strategic awareness on the ability of SMEs to remain competitive. The authors demonstrate that whether SMEs are able to identify and act upon external forces and factors, or not, is the defining indicator of their likelihood to struggle, survive, or thrive.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Business (color) by : Stephen J. Skripak
Download or read book Fundamentals of Business (color) written by Stephen J. Skripak and published by . This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (color version) Fundamentals of Business was created for Virginia Tech's MGT 1104 Foundations of Business through a collaboration between the Pamplin College of Business and Virginia Tech Libraries. This book is freely available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/70961 It is licensed with a Creative Commons-NonCommercial ShareAlike 3.0 license.
Book Synopsis Principles of Management by : David S. Bright
Download or read book Principles of Management written by David S. Bright and published by . This book was released on 2023-05-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black & white print. Principles of Management is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the introductory course on management. This is a traditional approach to management using the leading, planning, organizing, and controlling approach. Management is a broad business discipline, and the Principles of Management course covers many management areas such as human resource management and strategic management, as well as behavioral areas such as motivation. No one individual can be an expert in all areas of management, so an additional benefit of this text is that specialists in a variety of areas have authored individual chapters.
Book Synopsis Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications by : United States. Superintendent of Documents
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by United States. Superintendent of Documents and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: February issue includes Appendix entitled Directory of United States Government periodicals and subscription publications; September issue includes List of depository libraries; June and December issues include semiannual index
Book Synopsis Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents by :
Download or read book Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Are Small Firms Important? Their Role and Impact by : Stephen Ackermann
Download or read book Are Small Firms Important? Their Role and Impact written by Stephen Ackermann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are Small Firms Important? Their Role and Impact proposes and supports the claim that small firms make two indispensable contributions to the economy. First, they are an integral part of the renewal process that pervades market economies. New and small firms play a crucial role in experimentation and innovation that leads to technological change, productivity and economic growth. Second, small firms are the essential mechanism by which millions enter the economic and social mainstream of American society. The public policy implications for sustained economic growth and social well-being is the continued high-level creation of new and small firms by all segments of society. It should be the role of government policy to facilitate that process by eliminating entry barriers, lowering transaction costs, and minimizing regulation.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Entrepreneurship by : Christina Weidinger
Download or read book Sustainable Entrepreneurship written by Christina Weidinger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-13 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Entrepreneurship stands for a business driven concept of sustainability which focusses on increasing both social as well as business value - so called Shared Value. This book shows why and how this unique concept has the potential to become the most recognised strategic management approach in our times. It aims to point out the opportunities that arise from putting sustainable entrepreneurship into practice. At the same time, this book is a wake-up call for all those companies and decision makers who underestimated Sustainable Entrepreneurship before or who are simply not aware of its greater dimension. Well structured chapters from different academic and business perspectives clearly outline how Sustainable Entrepreneurship contributes to solving the world's most challenging problems, such as Climate Change, Finance Crisis and Political Uncertainty, as well as to ensuring business success. The book provides a framework of orientation where the journey might go: What can a successful concept of SE look like? What are the key drivers for its realisation? What is the role of business in shaping the future of our society? The book also presents best practices and provides unique learnings as well as business insights from the international Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award (www.se-award.org). The Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award (short SEA) is an award for companies today who are thinking about tomorrow by making sustainable business practices an integral part of their corporate culture. Companies that receive the SEA are being recognised for the vision they have shown in combining economic and sustainable responsibility.
Book Synopsis The Effect of External Environmental Factors on the Performance of Small to Medium Enterprises in Kenya [MBA Thesis a Ccompanied by a CD-ROM] by :
Download or read book The Effect of External Environmental Factors on the Performance of Small to Medium Enterprises in Kenya [MBA Thesis a Ccompanied by a CD-ROM] written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the study was to analyse the effect of external environmental factors on the performance of small to medium size enterprises. The study was guided by research questions, which sought to find out what effect political, regulatory, market issues and infrastructure had on the performance of small to medium sized enterprises in Kenya. The research adopted a descriptive research design where the population of interest was SMEs in the manufacturing and service industries in Kenya. The design using questionnaires was deemed appropriate because the main objective was to establish the main factors affecting the performance and growth of SMEs in Kenya. The study adopted stratified random sampling, with the strata being the type of business. Proportional allocation was used to determine the number in the sample from each stratum. The study sample was 88 respondents, with proportionately allocated strata of services at 56 and those in manufacturing were 32. The elements in each stratum were obtained using simple random sampling. The researcher used a questionnaire as a primary data collection instrument. The questionnaire was designed in consultation with the research supervisor and other colleagues. The questionnaire was divided into sections, each representing the different variables adopted for study. The analysed findings of the study observe that SMEs in Kenya face external environmental challenges as follows: Political factors affect the performance of small to medium size enterprises. The key factors based on the collected data were extracted and political unrest or demonstrations, stood out as key factors affecting the performance of SMEs. Regulation issues were also found to have a significant effect of the performance of SMEs. The current tax system was viewed as a tedious and complex process presenting compliance challenges to some of the small businesses. Lack of belief in the court system was a factor, and, the underdeveloped regulation policies according to respondents had a direct impact on the state of the underdeveloped infrastructure and low levels of information available to their businesses. In regards to marketing issues the challenge of there being an inadequate market for their products affected business growth. This challenge was further compounded by the fact that respondents found it difficult to search for or access new markets. Infrastructure issues, specifically the unpredictable power availability patterns caused a multiple effect on small to medium sized enterprises. Water interruptions and inefficiencies stood out as key challenges especially for SMEs in manufacturing and catering services. Transport infrastructure and services also provided a glaring challenge to SMEs. The performance of the enterprises was also analysed to help measure the performance and growth of the enterprise. In terms of sales, low growth was recorded, other performance indicators such as growth in number of employees and profit showed similar performance to the previous year and minimal growth respectively. When testing the objective of the study, it was noted that an increase of various factors had a positive effect on the performance of the enterprise with the exception of the extracted political issues which had a negative effect on SMEs as indicated in the survey model. Generally the study looked into a number of challenges facing SMEs in Kenya and found that to surmount the challenges, they would need to be addressed by all stakeholders involved. Academic and research institutions would need to ensure continuous research specifically tailored for SMEs to develop and update best practice standards, and also help develop predictive models that help small businesses avert challenges presented by the unpredictable nature of the external business environment. The study came up with recommendations and among them, a complete review of policies that govern SMEs to ensure regulations assist in their growth. The design of a conceptual model for quality integrated SME management for SMEs in Kenya and Africa as a whole was also recommended as part of the effort to manage the familiar political unrest that follow election periods and also to ensure managerial and financial health of SMEs. Recommendations were also made that SMEs engage actively in building their markets through formation of alliances that would allow them to extend their reach without incurring very high overheads, and to take advantage of business development services from the government to help enhance their institutional capacity, adaptive capacity and also the developmental capacity of the businesses to ensure they can withstand environmental shocks.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Business by : Lawrence J. Gitman
Download or read book Introduction to Business written by Lawrence J. Gitman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Business covers the scope and sequence of most introductory business courses. The book provides detailed explanations in the context of core themes such as customer satisfaction, ethics, entrepreneurship, global business, and managing change. Introduction to Business includes hundreds of current business examples from a range of industries and geographic locations, which feature a variety of individuals. The outcome is a balanced approach to the theory and application of business concepts, with attention to the knowledge and skills necessary for student success in this course and beyond.
Book Synopsis Small Firms and Economic Development in Developed and Transition Economies by : David A. Kirby
Download or read book Small Firms and Economic Development in Developed and Transition Economies written by David A. Kirby and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2003. Since the late 1970s there has been considerable interest in the role of small firms in economic development in general and employment generation in particular. Throughout the developed world, governments have introduced a range of measures to encourage small firm growth and development in an attempt to stimulate economic growth, generate employment and foster innovation. Though not all measures have been successful many policies have transferred to the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe where, since 1989, small firm growth and development has achieved considerable importance in economic restructuring. Accordingly, this volume presents the leading research on the role of small firms in economic development and employment generation in both transition and developed countries. Setting itself in a wider theoretical context, the book also considers the implications for both policy and theory and suggests directions for future research.
Book Synopsis Cases on Small Business Economics and Development During Economic Crises by : Stephens, Simon
Download or read book Cases on Small Business Economics and Development During Economic Crises written by Stephens, Simon and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-06-25 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oftentimes, the owners and entrepreneurs whose small businesses are undergoing financial problems suffer high emotional costs. These individuals can experience significant setbacks in their entrepreneurial journeys as well as depression and other negative emotions from the stress of crisis episodes. However, businesses that are in crisis also provide valuable learning opportunities for adapting and changing in order to successfully face future challenging situations. Cases on Small Business Economics and Development During Economic Crises presents a diverse range of perspectives and insights into global developments in entrepreneurship and captures a diverse collection of methodologies and outcomes from various countries in the realm of small business economics and their development. Including case studies that discuss the COVID-19 pandemic, risk management, and entrepreneurial resiliency, this case book serves as an excellent companion for entrepreneurs, small business owners, managers, executives, economists, business professionals, academicians, students, and researchers.
Book Synopsis Research Strategies for Small Businesses by : Don E. Gudmundson
Download or read book Research Strategies for Small Businesses written by Don E. Gudmundson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, originally published in 1996, develops a model of information gathering for small businesses. Whilst all small business owners gather and process some information, the quality and types of information gathered is limited. Size and resource constraints force small business owners to make difficult decisions related to the research that they conduct. The model developed in this book is tested in part through a study of the information gathering practices of small owners/managers in the landscaping industry in Wisconsin, USA.
Author :Wojciech Dyduch Publisher :Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation ISBN 13 :8396659176 Total Pages :162 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (966 download)
Book Synopsis Entrepreneurial Strategies for Value Creation in Times of Uncertainty by : Wojciech Dyduch
Download or read book Entrepreneurial Strategies for Value Creation in Times of Uncertainty written by Wojciech Dyduch and published by Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation. This book was released on 2024-01-01 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entrepreneurial (re)orientation in the face of crisis: Is it worth modifying entrepreneurial strategy? Abstract PURPOSE: This article aims to determine how companies in the SME sector modify their business strategies in response to changes in the external environment. The research focused on modifications to entrepreneurial strategies expressed through the fundamental dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO): risk-taking, innovativeness, and proactiveness. Additionally, it identified which types of reactions (modifications in strategies) lead to the most favorable changes in firm performance. The external environment was determined based on the market situation that resulted from the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: This is quantitative research. The study utilized data from 126 small printing businesses operating throughout Poland. Analyses were conducted on the data that reflected modifications in entrepreneurial behaviors and performance during three periods: the pre-crisis period, the initial phase of the crisis (the full lockdown period), and the second phase of the crisis (the period of easing the restrictions). The identification of the behavior types was carried out using cluster analysis. FINDINGS: The results of the research led to the conclusion that, with a change in market conditions, companies significantly change their levels of EO. In particular, the surveyed companies reduced their levels of EO during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, this decrease was mainly due to significant decreases in risk-taking. The levels of EO increased when the conditions improved due to significant increases in innovativeness and proactiveness. Moreover, the analysis enabled the identification of four types of reactions to the emergence of the crisis as well as three types of reactions to the improvement of the external conditions that resulted from the easing of restrictions and the introduction of anti-crisis support measures for businesses. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the type of reaction had a significant impact on the changes in the performances of the examined companies. In particular, it was shown that the lowest decline in performance during the initial phase of crisis could be observed in passive enterprises, i.e., those that did not modify their entrepreneurial strategies (did not alter their levels of individual dimensions of EO). The greatest increase in performance was achieved during the period of easing restrictions by those companies that significantly enhanced their activities across all of the considered dimensions of EO. IMPLICATIONS: The research results provided insights for entrepreneurs in strategic management. Specifically, they learned about the modifications in entrepreneurial behaviors that could lead to the most favorable and optimal improvements in a firm’s performance when market conditions change. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: The study contributes to the literature concerning reactions to changes in market conditions. This innovative approach considers dynamics where the changes themselves are variables. In particular, this research identifies types of entrepreneurial reactions to market condition changes in terms of dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation. Furthermore, it provides an answer to how firm performance evolved regarding various reaction types (using the example of the printing industry). Keywords: entrepreneurial orientation, crisis management strategies, strategy adaptation, strategy modification, business strategy, risk-taking, innovativeness, proactiveness, crisis, COVID-19, external environment, small businesses, firm performance, cluster analysis, entrepreneurial behavior Redefining rural entrepreneurship: The impact of business ecosystems on the success of rural businesses in Extremadura, Spain Abstract PURPOSE: Regarding the growth of public policies fostering rural entrepreneurship, the primary objectives of this work involve examining the concept of rural entrepreneurship, identifying key aspects that differentiate it from non-rural entrepreneurship, and assessing the role of the local entrepreneurial ecosystem in supporting the initiation and growth of rural ventures. To achieve these goals, the study adopts a novel approach by integrating an analysis of rural entrepreneurship features with an exploration of the entrepreneurial ecosystem’s impact. METHODOLOGY: After a review of the previous academic literature, the characteristics of rural entrepreneurship have been delimited, distinguishing it from non-rural. The research results have been obtained using a questionnaire, after a descriptive analysis of the sample, and an analysis of the difference in means by contrasting hypotheses using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. FINDINGS: This article explores the factors that contribute to rural entrepreneurship, challenging the notion that geographic location is the sole defining characteristic. Through the conducted investigation, it has been determined that a company’s classification as rural is not solely based on its geographical location in rural areas or involvement in primary sector activities. Other aspects, such as a strong connection with the local community or the ability to create value, are also essential in defining a rural enterprise. Additionally, it examines how business ecosystems can foster the growth and success of rural entrepreneurship. IMPLICATIONS: This study provides an analysis of how rural entrepreneurship can drive endogenous development in rural areas. It also offers insights for government entities and policymakers to implement effective support measures and strategies in business ecosystems within rural environments. This study highlights that the resources found in rural entrepreneurial ecosystems may not be sufficient to support rural entrepreneurship. It’s important to acknowledge that rural entrepreneurship requires specific resources that may not currently be available in business ecosystems. To increase the number of viable rural businesses, new resources tailored to rural entrepreneurship must be created, leveraging the area’s endogenous resources and growth models. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This study examines the distinctive attributes of rural entrepreneurship, with a deliberate departure from exclusive emphasis on geographical location or primary economic sector. Drawing upon empirical research conducted among a cohort of rural enterprises, the analysis reveals that neither physical location nor primary sector affiliation substantially contribute to the establishment of these rural businesses. Instead, a profound connection to, and a heightened sense of belonging within the rural milieu emerge as pivotal determinants. Furthermore, rural entrepreneurship emerges as a promising avenue for the development of the region, offering substantial growth prospects. The investigation encompasses a scrutiny of the resources within the rural business ecosystem and their capacity to stimulate rural entrepreneurial activity. This emerging focal point represents a novel field of concern for governmental bodies and political institutions operating in rural areas. Keywords: entrepreneurship, rural entrepreneurship, business ecosystems, rural business success, entrepreneurial ecosystem, rural development strategies, endogenous development, rural ventures, geographic location impact, local community engagement, policy implementation for rural areas, value creation, embeddedness Making of intrapreneurial managers: Investigating unethical behavior, risk-taking, and decision-making speed as antecedents Abstract PURPOSE: The entrepreneurship-ethics nexus draws considerable interest from researchers and practitioners with little resolution. Our purpose with this paper is to contribute to the debate by shedding light on the relationship between managers’ attitudes toward unethical behavior and their subsequent entrepreneurial intention (EI) in an emerging economy context. Given the complex and multifaceted interplay between unethical behavior and EI, we extend our investigation by including decision-making speed and attitude toward risk to explain the relationship further. We take a granular approach to facets of unethical behavior to gain deeper insights into the specificity of influences they pose on subsequent behavioral intentions. METHODOLOGY: Primary data were collected from 214 Kosovan managers employed in companies from different industries. Hypothesized relationships were tested by conducting hierarchical regression analyses. FINDINGS: Our results indicate that managers with higher EI are not necessarily unethical overall. We did not find support for the hypothesis that managers with stronger attitudes toward unethical behavior demonstrate higher entrepreneurial intentions. Focusing on dimensions of unethical behavior, we find that managers who favor bribery are more entrepreneurially inclined. Furthermore, we find that managers who are quick decision-makers and risk-takers express higher EI. IMPLICATIONS: Theoretically, we add to the existing body of research on ethics and entrepreneurship by empirically examining the relationship between attitude toward unethical behavior and EI and the viability of the Theory of Planned Behavior as a framework for integrating unethical behavior in entrepreneurship research. Our study affirms the extension of the theoretical and empirical underpinnings concerning ethics and entrepreneurship, contemplating that they are pervasive across contexts. We provide important practical implications for managers, especially in the corporate entrepreneurship and training context. Managers are encouraged to foster an entrepreneurial-friendly environment that abides by ethical standards. Our study also informs policymakers of the importance of formal education on entrepreneurship as a mechanism to enforce ethical awareness in future entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This study is among the first attempts to test the relationship between unethical behavior and EI in a managerial sample and non-western context. Keywords: entrepreneurial intention, unethical behavior, bribery, risk-taking, decision-making speed, intrapreneurial managers, entrepreneurship-ethics nexus, hierarchic regression analysis, corporate entrepreneurship, theory of planned behavior, ethical standards, entrepreneurship Entrepreneurial agility and organizational performance of IT firms: A mediated moderation model Abstract PURPOSE: The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector is playing an important role in the growth of the world`s economy. However, limited knowledge exists concerning the underlying mechanisms and boundary-spanning conditions under which entrepreneurial agility (EA) affects the organizational performance (OP) of IT firms. This study draws on the Dynamic Capability Theory (DCT) to examine the effect of entrepreneurial agility (EA) on the organizational performance (OP) of Italian IT firms with the mediating role of open innovation (OI) and the moderating role of environmental dynamism (ED). METHODOLOGY: Employing an explanatory research design and convenience sampling technique via an online survey to gather data from a sample of 411 Italian IT firms, the study tested the formulated hypotheses using the structural equation modeling technique in AMOS statistical software. FINDINGS: The results revealed that EA, directly and indirectly, influences OP of IT firms. Moreover, the mediation analysis unveils that OI plays a complementary, partial mediation role in the EA—OP nexus. Finally, ED moderates this focal relationship, such that in the presence of high environmental dynamism, the relationship between EA and OP gets stronger compared to low environmental dynamism. IMPLICATIONS: The findings imply that IT firms should emphasize adopting agile procedures and structures that allow them to react to new problems and opportunities swiftly by building a culture of innovation through the adoption of OI strategies (inbound, outbound, and coupled) to tap into the broader range of expertise and resources in the business environment. To improve the link between OI and OP, managers should prioritize building relationships with external partners, such as customers, suppliers, and academic institutions. IT firms should also prioritize building a diverse and inclusive workforce that can bring diverse perspectives and experiences to the innovation process to enhance their innovation capabilities and create products and services that better meet the needs of customers. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: The study´s value lies in extending the ongoing scholarly discussion on the nexus between EA and OP by exploring OI as an intermediary mechanism that connects EA, OP, and ED as a boundary-spanning condition that moderates the focal relationship. This research highlights the interplay between EA, OI, ED, and OP, using the DCT as a theoretical foundation. It is the first to examine such interrelationships in the IT sector. In addition, the study provides new insight for researchers focusing on the information technology (IT) sector. Keywords: entrepreneurial agility, organizational performance, IT firms, dynamic capability theory, open innovation, environmental dynamism, mediated moderation model, structural equation modeling, information and communication, technology sector, innovation management Decoding startup failures in Indian startups: Insights from Interpretive Structural Modeling and Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification Abstract PURPOSE: Start-ups are widely acknowledged as crucial catalysts for innovation and drivers of economic progress. However, their vulnerability to failure continues to pose a persistent and significant obstacle. In light of this, the study intends to ascertain the various elements responsible for the elevated incidence of start-up failures and examine their contextual associations. It further aims to establish the hierarchical structure and identify the crucial factors of start-up failure. METHODOLOGY: The paper uses the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approach to determine the structural hierarchy and interconnections among the causes of start-up failures identified through the comprehensive analysis of existing literature and experts’ opinions. MICMAC (Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification) analysis is also being utilized to categorize these identified failure causes into autonomous, independent, dependent, and linking factors by their driving and dependency powers. FINDINGS: A structural framework depicting the interrelationships among the factors has been derived, showing the failure factor, ‘poor market positioning’ factor at the highest level, and the ‘lack of entrepreneurial efficiency’ at the lowest level of the model. The results also revealed that lack of entrepreneurial efficiency, poor management, and external environmental issues are the most significant independent factors upon which all other failure factors rely. It also categorizes ‘poor market positioning’ as the dependent factor, signifying its passive role in the failure of start-ups. IMPLICATIONS: As previous literature has discussed the various factors responsible for the failure of start-ups in isolation, the current study fills out the gap in the literature by establishing linkages among those factors. The study’s insights emphasize the value of effective management teams and entrepreneurial skills in averting start-up failures. It highlights the importance of skill development and mentorship to enhance the capabilities of entrepreneurs and their teams. Furthermore, the research indicates that policymakers and support groups can create focus initiatives addressing issues like market validation, team dynamics, and financial management to enhance the start-up environment. These initiatives may encompass entrepreneurship training, financial assistance, and mentorship through the ‘Start-up India’ Program, Bharat Fund platform, etc. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: Previous studies on entrepreneurial failure are based on AHP (Analytical Hierarchical Process), content analysis, and quality management methodologies. This is potentially the first study using the ISM-MICMAC approach that explores the complex world of start-up failures in India and illustrates the relative influence and interdependence of various failure factors of start-ups through a hierarchical model. Keywords: start-ups, failure factors, start-up failures, Interpretive Structural Modeling, ISM, Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification, MICMAC, entrepreneurial efficiency, market positioning, management competency, external environmental issues, failure prevention strategies, Indian, entrepreneurship skill development. The effectiveness of agile leadership in practice: A comprehensive meta-analysis of empirical studies on organizational outcomes Abstract PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic and the digital transformation have hastened the demand for enterprises to be more flexible and adaptive in a fast-changing environment, making agile leadership a prominent business trend. Agile leadership improves innovation efficiency, employee performance, and team effectiveness. However, there is limited research on agile leadership’s effects on organizational outcomes. Thus, this study provides a meta-analytic review of the impact of agile leadership on organizational outcomes that cover various common dimensions like operational, employee, customer, financial, and social environments. METHODOLOGY: The study has two phases: the first phase performs bibliometric literature analysis, and the second phase performs meta-analysis. In the bibliometric literature analysis, 74 articles that were published between 2004 and 2023 were identified from Scopus and Google Scholar, and their type of publication, year of publication, countries involved in agile leadership research, keywords involved, and their association are examined. For the meta-analysis, 24 articles that performed empirical research were chosen from which the various independent and dependent variables studies, along with their standard regression coefficients (𝛽) and correlation coefficients (𝛾) that represent the relationship between agile leadership or agile leaders and that of other factors, were extracted and examined. FINDINGS: The study found that there was a significant rise in publications on agile leadership after 2020, and Turkey, the United States, and Indonesia were involved more than other countries. Moreover, agile leadership is studied more in terms of operational outcomes and employee outcomes. The results of the meta-analysis indicate that agile leadership has a strong relationship with factors like interpersonal trust (𝛽=0.93), organizational performance (𝛽=0.90), organizational effectiveness (𝛽=0.89), individual career success (𝛽=0.89) and innovation management (𝛽=0.81). Thus, it is clear that agile leadership has a stronger impact on operational outcomes than employee outcomes. Agile leadership characteristics such as digital innovation, trust, competency, result orientation, and wisdom are significant for organizational growth, team collaboration, team effectiveness, and organizational innovation. IMPLICATIONS: Identifying agile leadership concepts helps assess the progress of empirical research, improve leadership theories and models, and identify potential growth opportunities. The success of agile leadership depends on factors like a company’s culture, industry, and size, and this can be studied further. Furthermore, organizations may need to adjust their strategies on customer service, financial management, and investment so that they better reflect the values of agile leadership. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This study classifies numerous different research models that shed light on the efficiency of agile leadership based on a comprehensive literature review that serves as the basis for this study. In addition, this study identifies potential problem areas that need to be fixed, and as a result, it makes a contribution to the research on agile leadership. Keywords: agile leadership, organizational outcomes, operational outcome, employee outcome, interpersonal trust, leadership practice, organizational performance, meta-analysis, digital transformation, innovation management, employee performance, interpersonal trust, team effectiveness, COVID-19, strategic flexibility Relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, innovative co-branding partnership, and business performance Abstract PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO), innovative co-branding partnership, and business performance. EO was analyzed through five dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy. METHODOLOGY: As part of the first phase of brand management research, the quantitative survey was conducted in June 2023 among managers of companies operating in Poland using an online questionnaire. 280 responses were obtained, of which 266 questionnaires were qualified for further calculations. Incomplete questionnaires were eliminated. Hypotheses were formulated regarding the positive impact of the five dimensions of EO (innovation, proactivity, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy) on business performance and innovative co-branding partnership, and the positive impact of innovative co-branding partnership on business performance. Structural equation modeling using partial least squares (PLS-SEM) was applied to support the conceptual framework and proposed hypotheses. The calculations were performed in Smart PLS version 4.0.9.5. FINDINGS: The results indicate that three EO dimensions (innovativeness, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness) influence business performance. There was no effect of risk-taking and autonomy on business performance. In addition, three EO dimensions (innovativeness, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy) influence innovative co-branding partnership. No effect of risk-taking and proactivity was found on innovative co-branding partnership. This means that two EO dimensions (innovativeness and competitive aggressiveness) positively influence innovative co-branding partnership and business performance. Furthermore, innovative co-branding partnership was proven to influence business performance. IMPLICATIONS for theory and practice: The results of the study point to theoretical implications for further exploration of entrepreneurial orientation and its dimensions. The practical implications relate to recommendations for managers. Managers should make efforts to increase innovation, market activity, and competitiveness of the market offer. It is necessary to monitor the actions taken in the context of their impact on selected market, consumer, product, and brand performance. In addition, managers should analyze the possibilities of undertaking cooperation of this nature to increase business performance. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This study provides a better understanding of the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance using innovative co-branding. Compared to previous studies, it has an advantage in research by introducing the issue of innovative co-branding, which can be used for the development of new business activities. In addition, this study focuses on several areas of business performance, including product, brand, consumer, and financial performance. Keywords: entrepreneurial orientation, innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, autonomy, innovative co-branding partnership, business performance, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), brand management, market performance
Book Synopsis The State of the Art in Small Business and Entrepreneurship by : Pierre-Andre Julien
Download or read book The State of the Art in Small Business and Entrepreneurship written by Pierre-Andre Julien and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 1998. This text is designed as not only a summary of a number of years of reflections by many different researchers, but also a guide for future research and for continuing development of a theory of small business and its environment; a theory that will apply to small businesses everywhere and that will help them become what they hope to be in the 21st century.