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Development Of Analytical Methodology Utilizing Capillary Electrophoresis With Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection For The Determination Of Intracellular Levels Of 6 Mercaptopurine Metabolites
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Book Synopsis Development of Analytical Methodology Utilizing Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection for the Determination of Intracellular Levels of 6-mercaptopurine Metabolites by : Shelley R. Rabel
Download or read book Development of Analytical Methodology Utilizing Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection for the Determination of Intracellular Levels of 6-mercaptopurine Metabolites written by Shelley R. Rabel and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection by : Tara Lee Massie
Download or read book Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection written by Tara Lee Massie and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) is a versatile and sensitive analytical tool with many potential applications. Its advantages over other chromatographic methods include minimal solvent and sample requirements, low waste volumes, simple instrumentation, and diversity of analytes studied. CE is one of the most efficient separation techniques available for the analysis of both large and small molecules, but because few analytes are natively fluorescent, it is necessary to bind them with fluorescent tags if LIF detection is to be employed. These tags increase sensitivity and provide additional separation from components of the sample that do not bind the tags. In this dissertation, four applications of CE-LIF for the determination of tagged analytes are documented. First, a rapid CE-LIF method was developed for the determination of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and other important brain biogenic amines and amino acids present in biological samples at low levels. The high efficiency and sensitivity necessary to identify toxicologically relevant changes in neurotransmitter levels in brain tissue and microdialysates following Mn exposure was achieved, and the method required minimum sample work-up and quantities of sample for analysis. A linear relationship between the concentration of GABA and the CE-LIF peak height was established, with correlation coefficients of 0.989 or better for four neurotransmitters. Second, the use of two squarylium-based fluorescent dyes (bis-SQHN-4d and SQHN-3c) as noncovalent protein labels was investigated. The fluorescence emissions of both dyes were enhanced upon complexation with model proteins, demonstrating promise as noncovalent fluorescent protein labels. Third, the nature of interactions between two boronic acid-based probes (SQTM-BA1 and ANQW-BA1) and two model proteins (bovine serum albumin (BSA) and hemagglutinin (HA)) have been explored. The complex between SQTM-BA1 and BSA was the only complex to show increased fluorescence emission, and the role of electrostatic interactions between SQTM-BA1 and BSA in complex formation was explored. Lastly, CE-LIF methods were developed to label and quantify turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV). Noncovalent labels Red-1c and NN127 effectively labeled the surface proteins of the virus, and the labeled viruses were then analyzed by CE-LIF. The CE-LIF methods developed herein for the analysis of neurotransmitters, free solution proteins, and viruses demonstrate the versatility of the technique, especially when coupled with fluorescent labeling.
Book Synopsis Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis and Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection to the Analysis of Trace Species by :
Download or read book Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis and Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection to the Analysis of Trace Species written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Ph. D. Thesis describes several separation and detection schemes for the analysis of small volume and amount of samples, such as intracellular components and single enzymes developed during research. Indirect Laser-induced fluorescence detection and capillary electrophoresis were used to quantify lactate and pyruvate in single red blood cells. The assay of specific enzyme activities was achieved by monitoring the highly fluorescent enzymatic reaction product, NADH. LDH activity was found not to be a unique marker for diagnosis of leukemia. Reactions of single LDH-1 molecules were investigated by monitoring the reaction product with LIF detection.
Book Synopsis Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser Induced Fluorescence for DNA Damage Analysis by : Erwin Oliver V. Fundador
Download or read book Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser Induced Fluorescence for DNA Damage Analysis written by Erwin Oliver V. Fundador and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Drug Monitoring Methods by : Amitava Dasgupta
Download or read book Handbook of Drug Monitoring Methods written by Amitava Dasgupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-05 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in a handbook style with specific methods and tips on eliminating false positive and false negative results, this book is a practical guide to the detailed mechanisms of such occurrences.
Book Synopsis Toxicology Cases for the Clinical and Forensic Laboratory by : Hema Ketha
Download or read book Toxicology Cases for the Clinical and Forensic Laboratory written by Hema Ketha and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-06-20 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicology Cases for the Clinical and Forensic Laboratory brings together carefully selected case studies to teach important principles relating to drug and toxin exposures. Each case study includes contemporary clinical and forensic toxicologist studies that include a comprehensive analytical and clinical approach to patient management and address overdoses from designer drugs, to NSAIDS, to opioids, to stimulants. These cases present a comprehensive, analytical and clinical approach to managing a drug overdose. This is a must-have reference for clinical and forensic laboratory scientists, along with toxicology and pathology residents who need to know aspects of both. Brings together expert cases encompassing analytical toxicology, clinical medicine and basic science in a consolidated format Presents unique and challenging cases in clinical laboratories contributed by experts in the field Consolidated format that make concepts in toxicology easy to learn and teach Key learning points highlighted with multiple choice questions
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis and Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection to the Analysis of Trace Species by : Qifeng Xue
Download or read book Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis and Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection to the Analysis of Trace Species written by Qifeng Xue and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Applications of Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection in Biomedical Analysis by : John Emerson Kuo
Download or read book Applications of Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection in Biomedical Analysis written by John Emerson Kuo and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of Biomolecules Using Interfacial Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection by : Lorna Alice Hunter Pehl
Download or read book Analysis of Biomolecules Using Interfacial Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection written by Lorna Alice Hunter Pehl and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Analytical Protocols for Rapid Analysis of Biological Samples with Flow-gated Capillary Electrophoresis by : Ning Zhang
Download or read book Development of Analytical Protocols for Rapid Analysis of Biological Samples with Flow-gated Capillary Electrophoresis written by Ning Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the development and improvement of the whole society, people are paying more attention to their health and the protection of the environment, which requires researchers to consider better identification and detection methods for various molecular species. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and related technologies have been used in the separation, detection, and identification of many organic and inorganic compounds for the past dozens of years because of the advantages of CE, like short analysis time and high separation efficiency. Also, numerous detectors and interfaces can be combined with CE due to the excellent adaptability in order to enhance the performance of detection sensitivity, e.g., laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), mass spectrometry (MS), and electrochemical detection. This thesis is to discuss the determination of essential biomarkers in biological samples on the flow-gated CE-LIF system. It first reports a rapid and sensitive method with the flow-gated CE-LIF system to determine collagen degradation products, including proline, hydroxyproline, and other prolyl dipeptides in human urine samples, which is suited for the early diagnosis of collagen-related diseases. Experimental results prove that this method was capable of the separation and determination of prolyl compounds with good reproducibility, accuracy, sensitivity, and robustness. Second, the utilization of solid-phase extraction (SPE) in the purification and concentration of catecholamines (CAs) highlights the effectiveness of this method as a sample pre-treatment technique for catecholamines in real samples. By effectively removing interfering compounds and enhancing the concentration of the target analytes, SPE contributes to the overall reliability and accuracy of CA analysis.
Book Synopsis Advances in Chromatographic Techniques for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by : Amitava Dasgupta
Download or read book Advances in Chromatographic Techniques for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring written by Amitava Dasgupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-10-06 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For drugs with a narrow therapeutic index, therapeutic drug monitoring methods are essential for patient management. Although immunoassays are commercially available for many drugs and most laboratories use these assays for routine therapeutic monitoring, they have many limitations which hinder their efficacy. Providing practical guidelines for imp
Book Synopsis Analysis of Large Biomolecules by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection by : Pertti Juha Viskari
Download or read book Analysis of Large Biomolecules by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection written by Pertti Juha Viskari and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis Methodologies for the Analysis of Biological Samples by :
Download or read book Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis Methodologies for the Analysis of Biological Samples written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Separation techniques such as capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography have found application in the analysis of biological samples. In capillary electrophoresis charged species are separated based on their mass to charge ratios under the influence of an applied electric field. In liquid chromatography, analytes are separated based on their partition between a stationary and mobile phase. Separation techniques when combined with a variety of detection techniques such as ultraviolet, laser induced fluorescence, mass spectrometry and electrochemical detection have been very successful in the quantification of analytes comprised in complex mixtures (e.g., biological samples). Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection was used to separate different bioconjugated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs). The QD nanocrystals studied were conjugated to the biomolecules streptavidin, biotin, and immunoglobulin G. The bioconjugated QDs showed different electrophoretic mobilities, which appear to depend upon the biomolecule that is attached to the QD and the buffer solution used. The use of a polymeric additive into the CE run buffer improved the resolution of the bioconjugates. Under CE conditions, the interaction between QD bioconjugates containing streptavidin (QDSt) and biotin (QDBi) was monitored. In a two color experiment, two different sizes of QD (i.e., 585 nm and 655 nm) were used to monitor the interaction between 655 nm QDBi and 585 nm QDSt. The use of QDs with different emission properties allows the selective monitoring of two different wavelengths while using one single excitation source. This in turn, allowed the monitoring of overlapping peaks in the electropherogram when newly formed products resulting from the interaction of the two bioconjugated QDs appeared. Protease inhibitors (PIs) are a class of compounds that are used in the treatment of patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These drugs inhibit the HIV-1 protease, acting on the production of viral proteins essential for the completion of the viral replication process. Monitoring free drug concentration is necessary to establish the dosage that would result in optimum free drug concentration in blood for a given patient. We developed methodology to analyze free protease inhibitor lopinavir in plasma samples. Ultrafiltration was used to isolate the free drug; then LC/MS/MS was used for sample analysis. Restrictive access media columns have been developed to simplify sample preparation processes. These columns allow the direct injection of untreated biological samples. Restrictive access media columns exclude macromolecules such as proteins, while retaining small molecules such as drugs. Two restrictive access material columns were evaluated for the direct injection of plasma for analysis of the protease inhibitor lopinavir. In the columns studied the interaction of plasma components with the material inside the column was more than expected. Glucose monitoring and insulin therapy are becoming a standard of care in patients in the intensive care unit. In order to control glycemic levels, frequent glucose monitoring is required. The use of tear fluid glucose concentrations was evaluated as a non-invasive sampling strategy for monitoring glucose in intensive care unit patients. Glucose in tear fluid samples from intensive care unit patients were analyzed using anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. The results did not show a correlation between tear fluid and blood glucose concentrations.
Book Synopsis The Analysis of Biological Samples Using Capillary Electrophoresis and HPLC Technologies by :
Download or read book The Analysis of Biological Samples Using Capillary Electrophoresis and HPLC Technologies written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are two very important separation techniques. CE is a microseparation technique in which an electric field is applied to perform the separation. In CE, charged species are separated based on their charge/mass ratio, making this technique useful for separating a wide variety of components, including those found in biological samples. HPLC is the most widely used separation technique due to the ease of use and wide variety of components that can be separated. HPLC employs the use of pressure to push mobile phase through an analytical column containing a stationary phase that interacts with the solutes to effect the separation. Both CE and HPLC can use a number of different detection schemes to monitor the separated species, including ultra-violet (UV), laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), and mass spectrometry (MS). Affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) combines the separation power of CE with the selectivity of immunoassays. A fluorescein labeled estradiol derivative was evaluated for potential use as a competitive inhibitor in ACE. The labeling procedure rendered multiple components with the fluorescein label. Two of the components were identified as active estradiol species against the anti-estradiol antibody, examined by CE-LIF. Since only one active species had been predicted, both species were characterized using CE-MS and MS/MS, in addition to testing them in the ACE format. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are one class of anti-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) drugs. Because HIV is considered a pandemic, the analysis of NRTIs in human samples is very important; people all over the world are using these drugs. Currently, multiple NRTIs are given for treatment; however, there are few methods to date that separate and detect multiple NRTIs in a single run. NRTIs are metabolized in the body into their active triphosphate form. Two approaches can be followed for their separation and detection. The first approach was an indirect method, in which the active triphosphate form was dephosphorylated into the parent form of the NRTIs. HPLC with UV detection was utilized to establish an optimized separation method prior to using LC-MS/MS for the analysis of the following NRTIs in human peripheral blood monunclear cells (PBMCs): stavudine (D4T), lamivudine (3TC), the metabolized form of didanosine (ddA), zidovudine (ZDV), and the internal standard. The second approach was a direct method, in which analysis of the triphosphate form of the NRTIs was performed without dephosphorylation of the drugs. A capillary eletrophoretic method was developed that allows separation of the triphosphate NRTIs of interest: zidovudine triphosphate (ZDV-TP), stavudine triphosphate (D4T-TP), lamivudine triphosphate (3TC-TP), 2',3'-dideoxyadenoine triphosphate (ddA-TP), tenofivir diphosphate (TFV-DP), and emtricitabine triphosphate (FTC-TP). The separation was optimized using UV detection. Since UV detection does not offer appropriate detection limits, we studied the native fluorescence spectroscopic characteristics of the triphosphate NRTIs. We constructed an in-house CE-LIF system to explore LIF detection of the phosphorylated NRTIs. The system employed the use of a deep-UV laser with excitation at 224 nm. A sheath-flow cuvette was integrated into the design to improve detectability. The CE-LIF system was aligned and tested using the native fluorescence of tryptophan. The CE-LIF system was then used for the analysis of the active metabolized forms of NRTIs. With this system, we were able to separate and detect ZDV-TP, D4T-TP, 3TC-TP, ddA-TP, and the internal standard using a modification of the separation conditions previously optimized with UV detection. The detection limits obtained are not sufficiently low for the analysis of human PBMCs.
Book Synopsis Single Cell Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-induced Native Fluorescence Detection by : Sheri Joanne Lillard
Download or read book Single Cell Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-induced Native Fluorescence Detection written by Sheri Joanne Lillard and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
