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Development Of An Untargeted Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Gc Ms Method For The Detection Of Drugs In Wastewater
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Book Synopsis Development of an Untargeted Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC/M.S.) Method for the Detection of Drugs in Wastewater by : Samuel A. Miller
Download or read book Development of an Untargeted Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC/M.S.) Method for the Detection of Drugs in Wastewater written by Samuel A. Miller and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoring current illicit drug trends and consumption rates of pharmaceuticals using a non-invasive collection technique is needed to address the present drug use and the growing drug epidemic. Reliance on self-reporting drug use surveys is not always a practical measure of illicit drug use. Wastewater analysis has been used globally as a targeted method for monitoring the consumption of specific illicit drugs. Current existing analytical techniques for wastewater analysis focus on the use of targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-M.S.) based techniques. Few gas chromatography (GC) procedures exist for wastewater analysis, and those that do concentrate their methods on a single class of drugs operating their mass spectrometer (MS) in selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode. This study aims to develop an untargeted, underivatized, full scan gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the analysis of wastewater. Solid phase extraction (SPE) was performed with UCT mixed mode, 15 mL Clean Screen DAU columns with 500 mg sorbent to extract a 500 mL wastewater sample. Sample extracts were reconstituted in ethyl acetate and analyzed on a Shimadzu GCMS-QP2020 gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS) installed with an Agilent J & W HP-5MS (30 m × 0.25mm, 0.25 æm) column. Injection volume, flow rate, oven temperature, and ion source scan rate were optimized to develop an untargeted full scan method for the detection of pharmaceuticals. Calibration curves were developed for 42 targeted drugs. A 1 æL sample volume is run with a splitless injection utilizing helium as the carrier gas and the instrument operated in constant flow mode at a rate of 1.0 mL/min. The GC oven program is held at the initial temperature of 70°C for 2 min then ramped at 15°C/min to 300°C and held for 10 min for a total run time of 27.33 min. The injection port, transfer line, and source were set at 250°C, 280°C, and 200°C respectively. The MS operated in full scan mode, scanning ions from 35-550 m/z at an event time of 0.20 seconds from 3.50-27.33 minutes. Out of a 42 drug panel, over 75% of the generated calibration curves were suitable for quantitation with coefficients of determination greater than 0.9875. Limits of detection for most drugs ranged from 0.10-1.0 ng/mL, on par with many targeted liquid chromatography methods. The optimized untargeted method is able to detect a wide range of compounds in addition to those in the drug panel. The untargeted full scan MS method supports monitoring a wider range of pharmaceuticals overlooked in traditional targeted waste water methods such as changing trends in novel psychoactive substances.
Book Synopsis Advanced Techniques in Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS and GC-TOF-MS) for Environmental Chemistry by :
Download or read book Advanced Techniques in Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS and GC-TOF-MS) for Environmental Chemistry written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-09-26 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been the technique of choice of analytical scientists for many years. The latest developments in instrumentation, including tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) and time-of-flight (TOF) detectors, have opened up and broadened the scope of environmental analytical chemistry. This book summarizes the major advances and relevant applications of GC-MS techniques over the last 10 years, with chapters by leading authors in the field of environmental chemistry. The authors are drawn from academia, industry and government. The book is organized in three main parts. Part I covers applications of basic GC-MS to solve environmental-related problems. Part II focuses on GC-MS-MS instrumentation for the analyses of a broad range of analysis in environmental samples (pesticides, persistent organic pollutants, endocrine disruptors, etc.). Part III covers the use of more advanced GC-MS techniques using low- and high-resolution mass spectrometry for many applications related to the environment, food and industry. - Summarizes the major advances of GC-MS techniques in the last decade - Presents relevant applications of GC-MS techniques - Covers academic, industrial and governmental sectors
Book Synopsis Illicit Drugs in the Environment by : Sara Castiglioni
Download or read book Illicit Drugs in the Environment written by Sara Castiglioni and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2011-05-31 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illicit drugs are an emerging class of environmental contaminants and mass spectrometry is the technique of choice for their analysis. This landmark reference discusses the analytical techniques used to detect illicit drugs in wastewater and surface water, details how to estimate the levels of contaminants in the environment, and explores the behavior, fate, and toxic effects of this new class of contaminants, now a ubiquitous presence in wastewater and surface water. The book details how an estimate of illicit drug consumption in a given population can be developed from an analysis of the residues of illicit drugs in wastewater. An important resource for analytical chemists, environmental researchers, forensic scientists, biologists, and toxicologists.
Book Synopsis GC/MS Assays for Abused Drugs in Body Fluids by : Rodger L. Foltz
Download or read book GC/MS Assays for Abused Drugs in Body Fluids written by Rodger L. Foltz and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of a Methodology to Detect Pharmaceutical Compounds in Water Using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) by : Jennifer Ann Quiñones González
Download or read book Development of a Methodology to Detect Pharmaceutical Compounds in Water Using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) written by Jennifer Ann Quiñones González and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Field-deployable Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry [GC-MS] Analysis of Illicit Drugs by : Leah Rynearson
Download or read book Field-deployable Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry [GC-MS] Analysis of Illicit Drugs written by Leah Rynearson and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: False positive results from on-scene illicit drug analysis using presumptive color tests have caused numerous wrongful arrests (Lieblein 2018). In many states, forensic laboratories do not ever receive the sample for confirmative identification unless the defendant goes to trial, which makes it impossible to know the severity of this problem. Additionally, some defendants take a plea deal, which can result in these defendants spending months or years in prison for a crime they did not commit. Improving the reliability of on-scene illicit drug testing by incorporating confirmatory methods capable of achieving very low limits of detection such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) into the field could help reduce these wrongful arrests. The purpose of this research was to build a spectral library of illicit drugs and additive spectra for a commercially available portable ion-trap GC-MS, the Torion T-9 from Perkin-Elmer. Due to the potential for space charge and ion-ion interactions in ion trap mass spectrometers, the resulting MS spectra produced can be different than standard quadrupole MS. Thus, a customized library for this type of field application is critical. Over fifty (50) illicit drugs and fifteen (15) additives were used to create a GC-MS library after repeated testing. This customized GC-MS library was then used to test the ability to detect and identify illicit substances and their additives in seized drug samples, provided by the Connecticut State Police K9 Unit, which had not undergone laboratory testing. In addition, results were compared with data generated from the same samples using a field-portable quadrupole GC-MS. Of the twelve (12) samples tested, a positive identification for a controlled substance was made for ten (10) of them, using spectral data in the customized GC-MS library. The other two (2) contained unknown peaks that were not identified by any available GC-MS or MS library. Future studies should work on refining the retention time for each drug, performing tests with different versions of the Torion T-9 to ensure robustness of the GC-MS library, and continuous addition of illicit drug and additive standards to further expand the GC-MS library.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry by : Benjamin J. Gudzinowicz
Download or read book Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry written by Benjamin J. Gudzinowicz and published by Marcel Dekker. This book was released on 1980 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determination of Wastewater Compounds in Whole Water by Continuous Liquid? Liquid Extraction and Capillary-Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry by : Steven D. Zaugg
Download or read book Determination of Wastewater Compounds in Whole Water by Continuous Liquid? Liquid Extraction and Capillary-Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry written by Steven D. Zaugg and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A method for the determination of 69 compounds typi- cally found in domestic and industrial wastewater is described. The method was developed in response to increasing concern over the impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on aquatic organisms in wastewater. This method also is useful for evaluating the effects of combined sanitary and storm-sewer overflow on the water quality of urban streams. The method focuses on the determination of compounds that are indica- tors of wastewater or have endocrine-disrupting potential. These compounds include the alkylphenol ethoxylate nonionic surfactants, food additives, fragrances, antioxidants, flame retardants, plasticizers, industrial solvents, disinfectants, fecal sterols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and high-use domestic pesticides.
Book Synopsis Performance Tests for the Evaluation of Computerized Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry Equipment and Laboratories by : William L. Budde
Download or read book Performance Tests for the Evaluation of Computerized Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry Equipment and Laboratories written by William L. Budde and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry by : Benjamin J. Gudzinowicz
Download or read book Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry written by Benjamin J. Gudzinowicz and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis GC/MS (gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry) Analysis of Organics in Drinking Water Concentrates and Advanced Waste Treatment Concentrates by : Sanuel V. Lucas
Download or read book GC/MS (gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry) Analysis of Organics in Drinking Water Concentrates and Advanced Waste Treatment Concentrates written by Sanuel V. Lucas and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Central Nervous System Stimulants by : Benjamin J. Gudzinowicz
Download or read book Central Nervous System Stimulants written by Benjamin J. Gudzinowicz and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Applications of LC-MS in Toxicology by : Aldo Polettini
Download or read book Applications of LC-MS in Toxicology written by Aldo Polettini and published by Pharmaceutical Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical toxicologists are involved in the analysis of drugs and poisons in biological samples in different environments. Many scientists in the field of analytical toxicology have adopted LC-MS in their daily work, and this is illustrated by the increasing numbers of research papers published and presented at relevant conferences.
Book Synopsis Gas chromatography / Mass spectrometry (GC/MS) confirmation of drugs : approved guideline by :
Download or read book Gas chromatography / Mass spectrometry (GC/MS) confirmation of drugs : approved guideline written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites by Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry by : Benjamin J. Gudzinowicz
Download or read book Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites by Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry written by Benjamin J. Gudzinowicz and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Forensic Drug Identification by Gas Chromatography - Infrared Spectroscopy by : Robert Shipman
Download or read book Forensic Drug Identification by Gas Chromatography - Infrared Spectroscopy written by Robert Shipman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goal of the forensic drug examiner is the unequivocal identification of any controlled substance present in a drug exhibit. Most forensic laboratories routinely employ Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) as the preferred method for this examination. The technique provides a rapid, semi-automated analysis of the sample and typically yields sufficient information to identify the compounds in question. However, the application of GC/MS for drug analysis does have its limitations. Certain drugs yield minimal mass spectral fragmentation patterns using electron impact MS, while other compounds, such as some diastereomers and positional isomers, are not readily differentiated technique to mass spectroscopy. Infrared spectroscopy (IR, meaning FTIR) provides an alternate technique to mass spectroscopy for the identification of organic compounds. Recent improvements in the hyphenated technique, Gas Chromatography/Infrared Spectroscopy (GC/IR) may provide a simple alternative or supplemental approach to GC/MS for identification of certain compounds. A newly introduced instrument collects GC effluent on a liquid nitrogen cooled, IR transparent window that allows the direct analysis of the deposited solid material. This technique is superior to the IR light pipe in sensitivity, IR spectral quality, and allows direct comparison of the collected spectra to existing IR databases. Our research developed procedures and protocols for the analysis of drugs and determined the benefits and limitations of this technology. The research focused on the routine identification of commonly encountered drugs, designer drugs, closely related drug isomers, as well as the fundamentals of the gas chromatography and infrared systems. Statement of purpose: The research was undertaken to develop this technology into a viable technique for the forensic community. The instrument was studied for repeatability, sensitivity, and selectivity while optimizing for analysis of a wide range of drug samples. Based upon this work the instrument proved to be a powerful forensic tool providing complimentary data to GC/MS. Acceptable levels of sensitivity, linearity, and reproducibility were achieved using the GC split-less injection mode. Concern about cross contamination of samples on the collection disk were dispelled as the deposited GC vapor produced solid "tracks" that were unique to each sample and appropriately documented by the instrument. Analytical methods were developed for the routine analyses of drugs and synthetic cannabinoids. Through these studies the instrument was verified for casework analysis and is presently in operational use in our laboratory. Software limitations hindered research progress, although software and hardware upgrades were made by the vendor (Spectra Analysis) some of which were driven by feedback provided by staff at the Vermont Forensic Laboratory (VFL).
Book Synopsis Chromatographic Techniques in the Forensic Analysis of Designer Drugs by : Teresa Kowalska
Download or read book Chromatographic Techniques in the Forensic Analysis of Designer Drugs written by Teresa Kowalska and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a dramatic rise of novel drug use due to the increased popularity of so-called designer drugs. These synthetic drugs can be illegal in some countries, but legal in others and novel compounds unknown to drug chemistry emerge monthly. This thoughtfully constructed edited reference presents the main chromatographic methodologies and strategies used to discover and analyze novel designer drugs contained in diverse biological materials. The methods are based on molecular characteristics of the drugs belonging to each individual class of compounds, so it will be clear how the current methods are adaptable to future new drugs that appear in the market.
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