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Development Of An Expert System For The Evaluation Of Reproductive Performance And Management Of Virginia Dairy Farms
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Book Synopsis Development of an Expert System for the Evaluation of Reproductive Performance and Management of Virginia Dairy Farms by : Joseph John Domecq
Download or read book Development of an Expert System for the Evaluation of Reproductive Performance and Management of Virginia Dairy Farms written by Joseph John Domecq and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Development of a Decision Support System for the Evaluation of the Reproductive Performance of Dairy Herds by : Rita Schutte
Download or read book The Development of a Decision Support System for the Evaluation of the Reproductive Performance of Dairy Herds written by Rita Schutte and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development and Evaluation of Models for Predicting Reproductive Performance in Large Commercial Dairy Herds by : Daniel Zeraib Caraviello
Download or read book Development and Evaluation of Models for Predicting Reproductive Performance in Large Commercial Dairy Herds written by Daniel Zeraib Caraviello and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Effects of a Contract Breeding Program on Reproductive Efficiency in Ohio Dairy Herds by : Cheyney Meadows
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effects of a Contract Breeding Program on Reproductive Efficiency in Ohio Dairy Herds written by Cheyney Meadows and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Reproductive inefficiency is a significant problem facing modern dairy herds. The research herein discusses issues related to reproductive efficiency of dairy herds in three distinct sections. The use of electronic herd records is an important component of troubleshooting a herd's reproductive performance. Herd record analysis must be coupled with a herd visit and clinical examinations of individual cows to try to identify factors that are limiting reproductive success. One component of this document describes methodology for monitoring reproductive performance of dairy herds and possible reasons for reproductive failure. While reproductive inefficiency is costly to dairy producers, loss estimates vary because of the conditions under which they are evaluated. Another aspect of this research has been the development of a model to be used for estimating economic effects of changes in reproductive performance under specific situations. It is shown that the magnitude of economic effects are sensitive to market prices faced by dairy producers as well as the herd's current level of reproductive performance. A very common management problem limiting reproductive efficiency in Ohio dairies is the failure to efficiently and accurately detect estrus. A novel approach to the estrus detection problem currently being offered to Ohio dairies is for producers to contract estrus detection activities and breeding decisions to outside parties. A field study involving 32 herds was conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy of such a reproductive management program. At the start of data acquisition, 16 of the herds were enrolled in the management program; two non-program herds began using the program and two program herds stopped using the program during the data acquisition phase. Electronic reproductive data was collected for at least 18 months on all participating herds and analyzed. Results indicated that the program was associated with statistically significant improvements in some aspects of reproductive performance. The program did not appear to affect economic performance.
Book Synopsis Phenotypic and Genome-enabled Prediction of Reproductive Performance in Dairy Cattle Using Machine Learning Algorithms by :
Download or read book Phenotypic and Genome-enabled Prediction of Reproductive Performance in Dairy Cattle Using Machine Learning Algorithms written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fast and cost-effective prediction models are increasingly in demand for commercial use. Prediction of the outcomes of insemination events as successes or failures based on explanatory variables related to genetic predisposition, health history, and lactation performance can have an impact on decision-making on dairy farms. However, interactions between management and physiological features are very complex. Machine learning algorithms can be useful for understanding these complex interactions and developing tools that will help farmers make accurate reproductive management decisions. Results of this study showed that random forests have the best performance in predicting the outcome of an insemination event and that health records of the cow are very important in this prediction. Optimizing classification rate without taking into account the cost of classification errors can be misleading. Nevertheless, the cost of not breeding a cow that would have conceived is much higher than the cost of breeding a cow that would not conceive. The common practice on most commercial dairy farms is to inseminate all cows that are eligible for breeding, which is debatable. In conjunction with a lift chart analysis, which guides selection of subsets of highly or lowly fertile animals with highest and lowest probabilities of conception, the approach described herein could successfully stratify the pool of eligible cows in order to use different breeding strategies or use semen with different prices in different subsets of eligible cows in order to maximize total economic gain, as well as profit per eligible cow. This approach can enhance profitability of the dairy farm if sufficient data regarding variables that affect insemination outcomes are available. Fuzzy expert systems are distinguished from other black boxed non-parametric methods, such as random forests and artificial neural networks, because they are easy to understand and interpret. There is lack of research on rule-based methods for genomic selection, because knowledge acquisition in such a complex and highly dimensional space is a limiting factor. In this dissertation, a hybrid fuzzy expert system, which uses genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization as knowledge acquisition tools from the data was introduced for prediction of daughter pregnancy rate in Holstein bulls.
Book Synopsis A Modified Expert System to Aid in Reproductive Management on a Dairy Farm by : Jiunn-Chai Justin Chen
Download or read book A Modified Expert System to Aid in Reproductive Management on a Dairy Farm written by Jiunn-Chai Justin Chen and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Reproductive Efficiency in Lactating Dairy Cows Through Physiologic Evaluation and Synchronization Modification by : Charles Dexter Young
Download or read book Evaluation of Reproductive Efficiency in Lactating Dairy Cows Through Physiologic Evaluation and Synchronization Modification written by Charles Dexter Young and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows has decreased as milk production has increased as a result of genetic selection. Milk production alone is not the reason for decreased reproductive performance, as fertility issues are multifactorial and collaborative. Research chapters contained within have taken an applied approach focusing in two different areas of fertility. One approach was development of an evaluation system to identify lactating cows with decreased fertility prior to breeding; while another approach was to modify an ovulation synchronization protocol during periods of heat stress in order to improve fertility. The first focus was development and evaluation of a size and position score based on a one to three scale and assigned to lactating cows during a pre-breeding exam. This score was a reflection of the cervical and uterine horn diameter, and of the position of the reproductive tract in relation to the pelvis. Results indicated that cows with the largest reproductive tracts (score 3) had a 15% decrease in conception rates following artificial insemination compared to the smallest reproductive tracts (score 1). Score two reproductive tracts (intermediate) exhibited decreased conception rates compared to score one, but greater than score three. Identification of cows with lower potential fertility will allow producers to make the most economically, efficient decision when artificially inseminating lactating dairy cows. The second research focus modified an ovulation synchronization protocol by including an intravaginal progesterone releasing device (CIDR) nine days prior to artificial insemination during periods of heat stress. Use of a CIDR has shown to be beneficial with modest improvements in fertility in cool seasons, especially in anovular cows. This modification did not prove to be beneficial in improving conception rates during periods of heat stress. Lactating dairy cows with or without a progesterone releasing device had comparable conception rates. This research remains informative since use of a CIDR is expensive. This research exhibits this additional expense does not lead to positive results, thereby discouraging producers from incurring an unnecessary expense.
Book Synopsis Economic Analyses of Reproduction Management Strategies and Technologies on U.S. Dairy Farms by : Nicole J. Olynk
Download or read book Economic Analyses of Reproduction Management Strategies and Technologies on U.S. Dairy Farms written by Nicole J. Olynk and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Computer Based System for Dairy Herd Reproductive Performance by : Preeyaphan Udomprasert
Download or read book A Computer Based System for Dairy Herd Reproductive Performance written by Preeyaphan Udomprasert and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Improving Reproductive Performance of Cattle Through the Development of Novel Management Strategies and Technologies by : Magdalena Masello Souza
Download or read book Improving Reproductive Performance of Cattle Through the Development of Novel Management Strategies and Technologies written by Magdalena Masello Souza and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of the studies presented in Section I were to evaluate insemination dynamics, time to pregnancy, and profitability of replacement dairy heifers managed with first service programs that relied primarily on insemination at detected estrus (AIE), timed-artificial insemination (TAI), or a combination of both. The objectives of the experiments presented in Section II were; to develop and validate a tool integrating a disposable fluorescence-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) coupled with a portable imaging device to determine the reproductive status of cows based on circulating progesterone (P4) concentration; to test the efficacy of intravaginal (IVG) administration of prostaglandin-F2_ (PGF) to induce corpus luteum (CL) regression; and to develop and validate an electronically-controlled hormone delivery device for reproductive control of cattle. The studies presented in Section I demonstrated that a reproductive management strategy designed to submit all heifers to TAI reduced time to first AI and time to pregnancy when compared with a strategy that relied primarily on AIE after induction of estrus with PGF treatments. The program that combined AIE and TAI resulted in intermediate performance. In spite of greater reproductive cost, programs that used TAI in combination with AIE or solely TAI reduced rearing cost and generated more revenue during first lactation, which translated in numerically greater cash flow under fixed or simulated market conditions. The first experiment of Section II demonstrated that the developed LFIA system can accurately predict the presence of a functional CL (i.e., P4 ≥ 1 ng/mL) using bovine plasma samples. Additional improvements of this assay may lead to the development of a rapid, low-cost, cow-side tool for determination of reproductive status of cattle. The other experiments presented in Section II demonstrated that two IVG treatments of PGF 12 hours apart resulted in similar luteal regression risk, estrus expression, ovulatory response to GnRH, and pregnancy per AI compared with that observed after a single intramuscular dose of PGF. Further, we demonstrated that the current IVG prototype device for hormone delivery can be programmed to automatically release PGF for successful induction of luteal regression in cattle. Once optimized, the developed IVG device may be an alternative too to the needle-injection methods presently used to synchronize ovulation of cows.
Book Synopsis Genomically Enhanced Predictions of Dairy Cattle Fertility by : Emily Marie Sitko
Download or read book Genomically Enhanced Predictions of Dairy Cattle Fertility written by Emily Marie Sitko and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research presented in this thesis aimed at improving the efficiency of dairy farms through the development of targeted reproductive management strategies (TRM) based on genomically enhanced predictions of fertility, and the elucidation of associations between genetic merit for fertility and biological outcomes that affect dairy cow reproductive performance.Chapter II and III present the results of an experiment designed to compare the association between genetic merit for fertility and reproductive and profitability outcomes of cows submitted for artificial insemination (AI) with management programs that prioritized AI at detected estrus (AIE) or timed AI (TAI). Another objective was to determine if cows with different genetic potential for fertility would present a distinct response to the strategies compared. The study presented in Chapter IV and V characterized associations between genetic merit for fertility and biological parameters known to alter reproductive performance of cows. Results presented in Chapter II and III indicated that primiparous Holstein cows of superior genetic merit for fertility had better reproductive performance than cows of inferior genetic merit for fertility regardless of the type of reproductive management used. In addition, the effect of TRM based on genetic merit for fertility on reproductive performance depended on the outcome or sets of outcomes of interest evaluated. For example, cows of superior and intermediate genetic merit for fertility had greater P/AI when managed with the predominant TAI program but reduced days to pregnancy when managed with the program that prioritized AIE. Cows of inferior fertility also had greater first service P/AI with the program that prioritized TAI but had similar days to pregnancy with both management strategies. From an economic standpoint, cows of inferior fertility had greater cash flow than cows of superior fertility. For cows in specific fertility groups, the effects of the reproductive management strategies compared generated differences in cash flow of potential value for commercial dairy farms. The study presented in Chapter IV and V demonstrated a potential association of genomic merit for fertility with physiological and endocrine parameters known to affect reproductive performance of dairy cows. Particularly, cows of inferior genetic merit for fertility had poorer uterine health, decreased response to synchronization of estrus and ovulation, and were more likely to present altered ovarian and hormonal phenotypes that led to more frequent expression of atypical estrous cycles as compared with cows of superior genetic merit for fertility. Overall, we observed that genetically enhanced predictions of fertility might be a suitable tool for decision making in TRM. Additionally, the value of TRM programs for cows of different genetic merit for fertility might be on improving aspects of herd management such as simplifying program implementation or reducing reliance on hormonal interventions while maintaining acceptable levels of reproductive performance. An improved understanding of biological differences associated with genetic variation, such as our observations in Chapter IV and V, may be beneficial for the development of novel TRM and technologies to improve the reproductive efficiency of dairy cattle. This novel information could also support the development of new traits for selection of fertility.
Book Synopsis Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction by : Juan Carlos Gardón
Download or read book Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction written by Juan Carlos Gardón and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume focuses on recent trends and new technologies used in the management of reproduction in major farm animals, focusing on both males and females of bovine, equine, and porcine species. With chapters written by scientists who specialize in their respective topics, the volume presents a selection of different technologies that have been developed to assure reproductive success by improving reproductive efficiency, generating germplasm banks, and maintaining genetic diversity in cattle, horses, and pigs. In the last decade, reproductive technologies in veterinary medicine have progressed considerably, providing high profitability to livestock farms. This book provides basic and applied information on the most used reproductive technologies in bovine, equine, and porcine species for academics, scientists, and veterinarians. The volume discusses reproductive and postpartum management, reproductive ultrasound, sperm management, egg retrieval, artificial insemination, embryo transfer, nutrition, genetics, and certain clinical aspects, such as endocrinology and robustness of reproductive systems.
Book Synopsis Reproduction in Cattle by : Peter J. H. Ball
Download or read book Reproduction in Cattle written by Peter J. H. Ball and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cattle play a fundamental role in animal agriculture throughout the world. They not only provide us with a vital food source, but they also provide us with fertilizer and fuel. Keeping reproduction levels at an optimum level is therefore essential, but this is often a complicated process, especially with modern, high yielding cows. Written in a practical and user-friendly style, this book aims to help the reader understand cattle reproduction by explaining the underlying physiology of the reproductive process and the role and importance of pharmacology and technology, and showing how management techniques can improve reproductive efficiency. This edition includes: Recent research findings on the physiology of the oestrous cycle and its control; New techniques for monitoring and manipulating reproduction, including pregnancy diagnosis and embryo transfer; Advice on identifying common infertility problems and how to prevent and treat them. Reproduction Cattle 3e is essential reading for veterinary and agricultural students, as well as veterinarians and farmers involved in cattle reproduction.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Automated Activity Monitors for Managing Reproduction in Dairy Cows by : Jose Denis-Robichaud
Download or read book Assessment of Automated Activity Monitors for Managing Reproduction in Dairy Cows written by Jose Denis-Robichaud and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Automated activity monitoring (AAM) systems are among the tools available for managing reproduction on dairy cattle farms. The objective of this thesis was to explore the perception, use, and performance of different reproduction management practices, especially AAM systems. In a national survey, questions were asked on general and reproduction management, reproductive performance and opinions and perceptions of respondents toward reproduction on Canadian dairy farms. Farms had, on average, 77 lactating cows housed in tiestall (61%), freestall (37%), or bedded pack (2%) barns. The main reproduction management practice (means employed for > 50% of inseminations) used on farms were visual estrus detection (51%), timed artificial insemination (AI; 21%), AAM (10%), other management practice (2%), and a combination of management practices (16%). The average pregnancy rate (PR) was 17.6%, and did not differ among herds using different reproduction management practices. Improving performance was the main factor influencing decisions concerning reproduction for 80% of the respondents, and they perceived the performance of the tools and technologies they use (synchronization programs and AAM system) to be better than the performance of visual estrus detection. In a randomized controlled trial, cows were assigned either to be inseminated following a timed AI protocol (Double Ovsynch), or to be inseminated based on estrus detection by AAM. Overall, the odds of pregnancy at first insemination and by 88 DIM were not significantly different between the Double Ovsynch group and the AAM group, but there were significant interactions between treatment and herd for both pregnancy outcomes, indicating differences in the relative performance of Double Ovsynch and AAM between herds. Finally, a second randomized controlled trial assessed the association between the length of the luteal phase (normal or short), and the duration and intensity of estrus as detected by AAM. There was no significant effect of treatment when models were adjusted for confounders. To conclude, there is a large variability in performance among herds using AAM systems for managing reproduction on dairy farms and other herd characteristics and management strategies are likely causing this inconsistency.
Book Synopsis The Development of an Expert System for Diagnosing Reproductive Problems in Seasonal Dairy Herds by : David Hayes (M. V. Sc.)
Download or read book The Development of an Expert System for Diagnosing Reproductive Problems in Seasonal Dairy Herds written by David Hayes (M. V. Sc.) and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
