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Development Of A Stable Cobalt Ruthenium Fischer Tropsch Catalyst Technical Progress Report No 15 1 April 1993 30 June 1993
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Book Synopsis Development of a Stable Cobalt-ruthenium Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst. Technical Progress Report No. 15, 1 April 1993--30 June 1993 by :
Download or read book Development of a Stable Cobalt-ruthenium Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst. Technical Progress Report No. 15, 1 April 1993--30 June 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high cobalt catalyst described in the previous quarterly report of this contract has been bound and evaluated in the fixed-bed and slurry autoclave pilot plants. The fixed-bed test showed it to be less active after binding than before. The purpose of binding is to provide a granular catalyst suitable for use in liquid phase Fischer-Tropsch (LPFT) processing. In such processing a granular catalyst is required to facilitate its separation from the FT wax product by mechanical means. The bound catalyst was evaluated in the slurry autoclave under LPFT conditions. In this test the temperature of the catalyst could be more precisely controlled at target than in the fixed-bed test due to the large amount of diluent and continual stirring. When operated at a temperature sufficient to induce the same conversion as in the fixed-bed test, the methane selectivity was 10 mole % -- 2% less than in the fixed-bed test. The high cobalt catalyst, bound and unbound, in the fixed-bed or slurry autoclave pilot plants, was not conversion stable. At a given temperature it seemed to approach a conversion line out, however, catalysts more stable at high conversion are required. The unbound catalyst contained more cobalt than previous unbound catalysts in this work. Furthermore, it contained a small amount of ruthenium. Either or both of these properties could have been responsible for the superior activity.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of a Stable Cobalt-ruthenium Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst. Technical Progress Report No. 9, October 1, 1991--December 31, 1991 by :
Download or read book Development of a Stable Cobalt-ruthenium Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst. Technical Progress Report No. 9, October 1, 1991--December 31, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work performed in the program suggests that cobalt catalytic performance is a complex function of crystallite size, crystallite composition, and cobalt-support interaction. These properties are determined by the nature of support, the bimetallic component, the promoters, and the method of preparation. Results so far indicate that the lowest methane selectivity occurs on support No. 8, and the highest activity is obtained on support No. 10. Also, promoters 2 and 3 may help lower the formation of methane. These findings, along with the catalyst knowledge gained during Union Carbide's former contract AC22-84PC70028, will be used to develop a superior cobalt catalyst.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Cobalt F-T Catalysts. Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 2, January 1, 1993--March 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Cobalt F-T Catalysts. Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 2, January 1, 1993--March 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During this reporting period procurements and installations were made for the purpose of refurbishing and refitting the two SBCR units that had been used in the recent past for Fischer-Tropsch development projects. The objective of Subtask 2.2 is to test in a slurry bubble column reactor catalysts that have shown satisfactory performance in a fixed-bed reactor. This is necessary because catalysts which perform satisfactorily in a fixed bed environment will not necessarily perform as well in a slurry environment. Catalyst density is particularly important. A catalyst with a high metals loading may show high activity in a fixed bed but perform poorly in a slurry reactor due to catalyst settling. Successful development of new or improved catalysts requires catalyst testing at various levels. Because complete testing (aging, complete characterization, etc.) of a catalyst is very expensive and time consuming, such complete testing will only be done for a select number of samples. Thus, it is imperative that preliminary testing be conducted in a rapid and efficient manner to reduce the number of catalyst formulations that proceed to further testing. Two virtually identical units, called M-3 and M-4, have been created from existing equipment/hardware with the addition of new procurements. Also, design modifications were made as a result of experience with operation of the units under related and similar conditions.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-12 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 12, June 26, 1993--September 26, 1993 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 12, June 26, 1993--September 26, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this contract are to develop a technology for the production of active and stable iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for use in slurry-phase synthesis reactors and to develop a scale-up procedure for large-scale synthesis of such catalysts for process development and long-term testing in slurry bubble-column reactors. With a feed containing hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) in the molar ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 to the slurry bubble column reactor, the catalyst performance target is 88% CO + H2 conversion at a minimum space velocity of 2.4 NL/hr/g Fe. The desired sum of methane and ethane selectivities is no more than 4%, and the conversion loss per week is not to exceed 1%.
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report Number 13, 26 September 1993--26 December 1993 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report Number 13, 26 September 1993--26 December 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this contract are to develop a technology for the production of active and stable iron (Fe) Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for use in slurry-phase synthesis reactors and to develop a scale up procedure for large-scale synthesis of such catalysts for process development and long-term testing in slurry bubble-column reactors. With a feed containing hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) in the molar ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 to the slurry bubble-column reactor, the catalyst performance target is 88% CO+H2 conversion at a minimum space velocity of 2.4 NL/hr/g Fe. The desired sum of methane and ethane selectivities is no more than 4%, and the conversion loss per week is not to exceed 1%. Results are presented from experimental work performed during this report period.
Book Synopsis Liederbuch für die Vereinigten 5 Hamburger Logen by :
Download or read book Liederbuch für die Vereinigten 5 Hamburger Logen written by and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 10, December 26, 1992--March 26, 1993 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 10, December 26, 1992--March 26, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this contract are to develop a technology for the production of active and stable iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for use in slurry-phase synthesis reactors and to develop a scaleup procedure for large-scale synthesis of such catalysts for process development and long-term testing in slurry bubble-column reactors. With a feed containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the molar ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 to the slurry bubble-column reactor, the catalyst performance target is 88% CO + H2 conversion at a minimum space velocity of 2.4 NL/hr/gFe. The desired sum of methane and ethane selectivities is no more than 4%, and the conversion loss per week is not to exceed 1%. Contract tasks are as follows: 1.0: Catalyst development; 1.1--Technology assessment; 1.2--Precipitated catalyst preparation method development; 1.3--Novel catalyst preparation methods investigation; 1.4--Catalyst pretreatment; 1.5--Catalyst characterization; 2.0--Catalyst testing; 3.0--Catalyst aging studies, and 4.0--Preliminary design and cost estimate of a catalyst synthesis facility. This paper reports progress made on Task 1.2 and 2.0.
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts: Technical Progress Report No. 11, March 26 - June 26, 1993 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts: Technical Progress Report No. 11, March 26 - June 26, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 7, April 1, 1992--June 30, 1992 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 7, April 1, 1992--June 30, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this contract are to develop a technology for the production of active and stable iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for use in slurry-phase synthesis reactors and to develop a scaleup procedure for large-scale synthesis of such catalysts for process development and long-term testing in slurry bubble-column reactors. With a feed containing H2 and CO in the molar ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 to the slurry bubble-column reactor, the catalyst performance target is 88% CO + H2 conversion at a minimum space velocity of 2.4 NL/hr/gFe. The desired sum of methane and ethane selectivities is no more than 4%, and the conversion loss per week is not to exceed 1%. Contract Tasks are as follows: 1.0--Catalyst development, 1.1--Technology assessment, 1.2--Precipitated catalyst preparation method development, 1.3--Novel catalyst preparation methods investigation, 1.4--Catalyst pretreatment, 1.5--Catalyst characterization, 2.0--Catalyst testing, 3.0--Catalyst aging studies, and 4.0--Preliminary design and cost estimate of a catalyst synthesis facility. This paper reports progress made on catalyst development.
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysis. Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 3, April 1, 1995--June 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysis. Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 3, April 1, 1995--June 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to develop the technology for the production of physically robust iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts that have suitable activity, selectivity and stability to be used in the slurry phase synthesis reactor development. The catalysts that are developed shall be suitable for testing in the Advanced Fuels Development Facility at LaPorte, Texas, to produce either low- or high-alpha product distributions. Previous work by the offeror has produced a catalyst formulation that is 1.5 times as active as the {open_quotes}standard-catalyst{close_quotes} developed by German workers for slurry phase synthesis. The proposed work will optimize the catalyst composition and pretreatment operation for this low-alpha catalyst. In parallel, work will be conducted to design a high-alpha iron catalyst this is suitable for slurry phase synthesis. Studies will be conducted to define the chemical phases present at various stages of the pretreatment and synthesis stages and to define the course of these changes. The oxidation/reduction cycles that are anticipated to occur in large, commercial reactors will be studied at the laboratory scale. Catalyst performance will be determined for catalysts synthesized in this program for activity, selectivity and aging characteristics. The research is divided into four major topical areas: (a) catalyst preparation and characterization, (b) product characterization, (c) reactor operations, and (d) data assessment.
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 8, July 1, 1992--September 30, 1992 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 8, July 1, 1992--September 30, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this contract are to develop a technology for the production of active and stable iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for use in slurry-phase synthesis reactors and to develop a scaleup procedure for large-scale synthesis of such catalysts for process development and long-term testing in slurry bubble-column reactors. With a feed containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the molar ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 to the slurry bubble-column reactor, the catalyst performance target is 88% CO + H2 conversion at a minimum space velocity of 2.4 NL/hr/gFe. The desired sum of methane and ethane selectivities is no more than 4%, and the conversion loss per week is not to exceed 1%. Contract Tasks are as follows: 1.0--Catalyst development, 1.1--Technology assessment, 1.2--Precipitated catalyst preparation method development, 1.3--Novel catalyst preparation methods investigation, 1.4--Catalyst pretreatment, 1.5--Catalyst characterization, 2.0--Catalyst testing, 3.0--Catalyst aging studies, and 4.0--Preliminary design and cost estimate of a catalyst synthesis facility. This paper reports progress made on Task 1.
Book Synopsis Massachusetts Under the Constitution by :
Download or read book Massachusetts Under the Constitution written by and published by . This book was released on 1780 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 3, March 27, 1991--June 30, 1991 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Technical Progress Report No. 3, March 27, 1991--June 30, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this contract are to develop a technology for the production of active and stable iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for use in slurry-phase synthesis reactors and to develop a scale up procedure for large-scale synthesis of such catalysts for process development and long-term testing in slurry bubble-column reactors. The catalyst performance target in the slurry bubble-column reactor is 88% CO + H2 conversion at a minimum space velocity of 2.4 NL/hr/gFe. Typical feed used to attain this level of conversion is preferred to have H2 and CO in the molar ratio of 0.5 to 1.0. The desired sum of methane and ethane selectivities is no more than 4%, and the conversion loss per week is not to exceed 1%.
Book Synopsis Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Quarterly Technical Progress Report for Period Ending December 1993 by :
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. Quarterly Technical Progress Report for Period Ending December 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conversion data as a function of time of synthesis for the two catalysts are shown in Figures 2 and 3. In general the precipitated catalyst is more active than the iron carbide catalyst with syn-gas conversions starting at 80% as compared to 50% for the latter; however, both catalysts deactivated with increasing reaction time. A comparison of the C2, C3 and C4 olefin selectivities at 26% CO conversion (precipitated catalyst-336 hr of synthesis, iron carbide catalyst-122 hr of synthesis) are shown in Figure 4. Surprisingly the precipitated catalyst had a higher olefin content than the iron carbide catalyst. It has been reported that a similar iron carbide catalyst has higher selectivity for the production of olefins than a ''conventionally prepared'' Fe/Co catalyst. The discrepancy may be due in part to comparing the olefin selectivity of the two catalysts at different conversions. Their ''conventional catalyst'' had a C2-C4 olefin content of 37% at 72% conversion compared to 86% olefin at 55% conversion for the iron carbide catalyst. In general the olefin selectivity of a catalyst is highest at low conversions. The iron carbide catalyst of this study produces more hydrocarbons than the precipitated catalyst; furthermore, it produces a higher fraction of C3 + (86% vs. 84%) and C5+ (67% vs. 61%) hydrocarbons (Figure 5). Correspondingly, the iron carbide catalyst produces less methane and ethane than the precipitated catalyst (Figure 6). These hydrocarbon and C5+ selectivities are similar to those reported earlier.
