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Determining The Insurers Optimal Investment And Reinsurance Strategy Based On Stochastic Differential Game
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Book Synopsis Determining the Insurer's Optimal Investment and Reinsurance Strategy Based on Stochastic Differential Game by : Hong Mao
Download or read book Determining the Insurer's Optimal Investment and Reinsurance Strategy Based on Stochastic Differential Game written by Hong Mao and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we discuss how to determine the optimal investment portfolio and reinsurance strategy of insurance company based on zero-sum stochastic differential game between the market and the insurer. We extend Zhang and Siu (2009)'s model by (1) including a risk-free asset, (2) considering risky assets instead of only one risky asset and (3) discussing the case of power utility function besides exponential utility when the wealth process of an insurance company is a diffusion process. We establish the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Issacs equations and obtain the optimal solutions of the amount invested in risky assets and retention of reinsurance. Our results show that the optimal solution is positively correlated to time but independent of the wealth of insurer, when the utility function of terminal wealth is exponential. However, the optimal solution is uncorrelated to time and is increasing function of the wealth of the insurer in the case of power utility function. Our results also show that the risk-free interest rate will affect the strategy of investment and reinsurance.
Book Synopsis Non-Zero-Sum Stochastic Differential Reinsurance and Investment Games with Default Risk by : Chao Deng
Download or read book Non-Zero-Sum Stochastic Differential Reinsurance and Investment Games with Default Risk written by Chao Deng and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates implications of strategic interaction (competition) between two CARA insurers on their reinsurance and investment policies. The two insurers are concerned about their terminal wealth as well as the relative performance measured by the difference between their terminal wealth. The problem of finding optimal policies for the both insurers is modeled by a non-zero-sum stochastic differential game. We assume that the insurers can invest in a risky asset with Heston's stochastic volatility and a defautable corporate bond, and the reinsurance premium is calculated by the variance premium principle. We derive the Nash equilibrium reinsurance policy and investment policy explicitly for the game and prove the corresponding verification theorem. The equilibrium strategy indicates that the best response of each insurer to the competition is to mimic the strategy of its opponent. As a consequence, the reinsurance and investment strategy of an insurer with the relative performance concern is riskier than that without the concern. We illustrate our results by numerical examples.
Book Synopsis Time Inconsistent Stochastic Differential Game by : Hong Mao
Download or read book Time Inconsistent Stochastic Differential Game written by Hong Mao and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, time-inconsistent model was established under stochastic differential game framework. The investment portfolio includes multi-risky assets, whose returns are assumed to be correlated in a time-varying manner and change cyclically. The claim losses of insurance companies and investment are also assumed to be correlated with each other. The Solution to extended HJBI equations results in the portion of retention and an optimal portfolio with equally weighted allocations of risky assets. An optimal control bound is proposed for monitoring and predicting the optimal wealth level. The proposed model is expected to be effective in making decision for investment and reinsurance strategies, controlling and predicting optimal wealth under uncertain environment. Especially, it can be applied easily in the situation of very high dimensional investment portfolio.
Book Synopsis Robust Non-Zero-Sum Stochastic Differential Investment-Reinsurance Game by : Chi Seng Pun
Download or read book Robust Non-Zero-Sum Stochastic Differential Investment-Reinsurance Game written by Chi Seng Pun and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper considers the non-zero-sum stochastic differential game problem between two ambiguity-averse insurers (AAIs) who encounter model uncertainty and seek the optimal investment and reinsurance decision under relative performance concerns. Each AAI invests in a risky asset and a risk-free asset, and manages her own risks by purchasing reinsurance with the objective of maximizing the expected utility of her relative terminal surplus with respect to that of her counterparty. The two AAIs' decisions influence each other through the insurers' relative performance concerns and the correlation between their surplus processes. We establish a general framework of Nash equilibrium for the associated non-zero-sum game with model uncertainty. For the representative case of exponential utilities and the Heston model, we solve the equilibrium strategies explicitly. Numerical studies are conducted to draw economic interpretations.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Risk-Sharing Game and Reinsurance Contract Design by : Chen Shumin
Download or read book Dynamic Risk-Sharing Game and Reinsurance Contract Design written by Chen Shumin and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the optimal risk-sharing between an insurer and a reinsurer. The insurer purchases reinsurance for risk-control and decides her retention level with an objective to minimize her ruin probability. The reinsurer has control over the reinsurance price and aims to maximize her expected discounted profits up to the time when the insurer goes bankrupt. In a stochastic differential game-theoretic framework, we determine the insurer's optimal reinsurance strategy and specify the reinsurance contract by solving a system of coupled Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations. We obtain explicit solutions for the game problem when both the insurance and the reinsurance premiums are calculated according to the standard-deviation principle or the expected value principle, respectively. Our results show that, depending on the model parameters, the reinsurance contract is either provided with a peak price when the insurer has sufficient cash reserve and with a minimum price when otherwise, or is always provided with a peak price. We also perform some numerical analyses and provide economic interpretations for the results.
Book Synopsis Stochastic Optimization in Insurance by : Pablo Azcue
Download or read book Stochastic Optimization in Insurance written by Pablo Azcue and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-19 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main purpose of the book is to show how a viscosity approach can be used to tackle control problems in insurance. The problems covered are the maximization of survival probability as well as the maximization of dividends in the classical collective risk model. The authors consider the possibility of controlling the risk process by reinsurance as well as by investments. They show that optimal value functions are characterized as either the unique or the smallest viscosity solution of the associated Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation; they also study the structure of the optimal strategies and show how to find them. The viscosity approach was widely used in control problems related to mathematical finance but until quite recently it was not used to solve control problems related to actuarial mathematical science. This book is designed to familiarize the reader on how to use this approach. The intended audience is graduate students as well as researchers in this area.
Book Synopsis Optimal Reinsurance by : Ka-Chun Joseph Sung
Download or read book Optimal Reinsurance written by Ka-Chun Joseph Sung and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Optimal Reinsurance: a Contemporary Perspective" by Ka-chun, Joseph, Sung, 宋家俊, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: In recent years, general risk measures have played an important role in risk management in both finance and insurance industry. As a consequence, there is an increasing number of research on optimal reinsurance problems using risk measures as yard sticks beyond the classical expected utility framework. In this thesis, the stop-loss reinsurance is first shown to be an optimal contract under law-invariant convex risk measures via a new simple geometric argument. This similar approach is then used to tackle the same optimal reinsurance problem under Value at Risk and Conditional Tail Expectation; it is interesting to note that, instead of stop-loss reinsurances, insurance layers serve as the optimal solution in these cases. These two results hint that law-invariant convex risk measure may be better and more robust to expected larger claims than Value at Risk and Conditional Tail Expectation even though they are more commonly used. In addition, the problem of optimal reinsurance design for a basket of n insurable risks is studied. Without assuming any particular dependence structure, a minimax optimal reinsurance decision formulation for the problem has been successfully proposed. To solve it, the least favorable dependence structure is first identified, and then the stop-loss reinsurances are shown to minimize a general law-invariant convex risk measure of the total retained risk. Sufficient condition for ordering the optimal deductibles are also obtained. Next, a Principal-Agent model is adopted to describe a monopolistic reinsurance market with adverse selection. Under the asymmetry of information, the reinsurer (the principal) aims to maximize the average profit by selling a tailor-made reinsurance to every insurer (agent) from a (huge) family with hidden characteristics. In regard to Basel Capital Accord, each insurer uses Value at Risk as the risk assessment, and also takes the right to choose different risk tolerances. By utilizing the special features of insurance layers, their optimality as the first-best strategy over all feasible reinsurances is proved. Also, the same optimal reinsurance screening problem is studied under other subclass of reinsurances: (i) deductible contracts; (ii) quota-share reinsurances; and (iii) reinsurance contracts with convex indemnity, with the aid of indirect utility functions. In particular, the optimal indirect utility function is shown to be of the stop-loss form under both classes (i) and (ii); while on the other hand, its non-stop-loss nature under class (iii) is revealed. Lastly, a class of nonzero-sum stochastic differential reinsurance games between two insurance companies is studied. Each insurance company is assumed to maximize the difference of the opponent's terminal surplus from that of its own by properly arranging its reinsurance schedule. The surplus process of each insurance company is modeled by a mixed regime-switching Cramer-Lundberg approximation. It is a diffusion risk process with coefficients being modulated by both a continuous-time finite-state Markov Chain and another diffusion process; and correlations among these surplus processes are allowed. In contrast to the tradit
Book Synopsis Optimal Portfolios with Stochastic Interest Rates and Defaultable Assets by : Holger Kraft
Download or read book Optimal Portfolios with Stochastic Interest Rates and Defaultable Assets written by Holger Kraft and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-04-13 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continuous-time portfolio problem consists of finding the optimal investment strategy of an investor. In the classical Merton problem the investor can allocate his funds to a riskless savings account and risky assets. However, to get explicit results, it is assumed that the interest rates are deterministic and that the assets are default free. In this monograph both assumptions are weakened: The author analyzes and solves portfolio problems with stochastic interest rates and with defaultable assets. Besides, he briefly discusses how portfolio problems with foreign assets can be handled. The focus of the monograph is twofold: On the one hand, the economical problems are carefully explained, on the other hand their formal solution is rigorously presented. For this reason the text should be of interest to researchers with a Finance background as well as to researchers with a more formal background who would like to see how mathematics is applied to portfolio theory. TOC:Preliminaries from Stochastics.- Optimal Portfolios with Stochastic Interest Rates.- Elasticity Approach to Portfolio Optimization.- Barrier Derivatives with Curved Boundaries.- Optimal Portfolios with Dafaultable Assets - A Firm Value Approach.- References.- Abbreviations.- Notations.
Book Synopsis Optimal Proportional Reinsurance Policies For Levy Markets With Costs by : Zororo Stanelake Makumbe
Download or read book Optimal Proportional Reinsurance Policies For Levy Markets With Costs written by Zororo Stanelake Makumbe and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the point of view of the first insurer, we determine the ideal proportion of an insurance policy, in a Levy market, to be re insured and the expected value attained using Stochastic control (Dynamic programming). A Levy process is used to model the reserves of the insurer given that a re insurance policy has been implemented as a means of risk transfer. For completeness, the results are analytically and graphically compared with those of a diffusion model with the aid of Matlab. Financial mathematicians, actuaries, and insurers would find this book useful. A background in stochastic differential equations will make understanding easier.
Book Synopsis Stochastic Optimal Portfolios and Life Insurance Problems in a Lévy Market by : Calisto Justino Guambe
Download or read book Stochastic Optimal Portfolios and Life Insurance Problems in a Lévy Market written by Calisto Justino Guambe and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis solves various optimal investment, consumption and life insurance problems described by jump-diffusion processes. In the first part of the thesis, we solve an optimal investment, consumption, and life insurance problem when the investor is restricted to capital guarantee. We consider an incomplete market described by a jump-diffusion model with stochastic volatility. Using the martingale approach, we prove the existence of the optimal strategy and the optimal martingale measure and we obtain the explicit solutions for the power utility functions. Secondly, we prove the sufficient and necessary maximum principle for the similar problem proposed in the first part. Then we apply the results to solve an investment, consumption, and life insurance problem with stochastic volatility, that is, we consider a wage earner investing in one risk-free asset and one risky asset described by a jump-diffusion process and has to decide concerning consumption and life insurance purchase. We assume that the life insurance for the wage earner is bought from a market composed of M > 0 life insurance companies offering pairwise distinct life insurance contracts. The goal is to maximize the expected utilities derived from the consumption, the legacy in the case of a premature death and the investor's terminal wealth. The third part discusses an optimal investment, consumption and insurance problem of a wage earner under inflation. Assume a wage earner investing in a real money account and three asset prices, namely: a real zero coupon bond, the inflation-linked real money account and a risky share described by jump-diffusion processes. Using the theory of quadratic-exponential backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) with jumps approach, we derive the optimal strategy for the two typical utilities (exponential and power) and the value function is characterized as a solution of BSDE with jumps. The explicit solutions for the optimal investment in both cases of exponential and power utility functions for a diffusion case are derived.
Book Synopsis Optimal Risk Control with Investment Decisions by : Yu Zhang
Download or read book Optimal Risk Control with Investment Decisions written by Yu Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern businesses face different kinds of risk that may affect their management operations and cause significant financial losses. It is thus very crucial to identify, assess and control risks to reduce their potential impact. One important objective for insurance businesses is implementing strategies to control the risk of ruin, which is naturally measured by the ruin probability. In this study, we consider optimal risk control problems with investment decisions and aim to assess the impact of investment on minimizing the ruin probability. Specifically, we apply stochastic control in insurance to determine optimal investment strategies. We first consider the problem of controlling ruin probability by investment decisions under a discrete-time risk process. An insurance company may invest its reserve into a riskless asset and a risky asset. Our goal is concentrated on finding the optimal investment strategy to minimize the ruin probability, in the case that the claim size distribution has an unknown mean parameter. Applying the Bayesian approach and the dynamic programming method, we find the minimal ruin probability function and the corresponding optimal investment decisions. We also investigate some structural properties of the optimal strategy. We investigate the problem of minimizing the ruin probability with joint decisions of investment and excess-of-loss reinsurance for a continuous-time risk model. The reserve of an insurance company is modeled by a diffusion process and may be invested in a financial market which follows the Black-Scholes model consisting of a risky asset and a riskless asset. However, a constraint is imposed on investment decisions and the ratio between the amount invested in the risky asset and the total reserve should lie below a given bound. Meanwhile, the insurance company may purchase an excess-of-loss reinsurance to reduce risk. We characterize and derive jointly optimal decisions of investment and reinsurance to minimize ruin probability. We solve the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation and provide an explicit form for the minimal ruin probability function. In addition, we present several numerical examples to illustrate our results, which indicate a positive impact of investment on controlling the risk of ruin.
Book Synopsis Non-zero-sum Stochastic Differential Games for Asset-liability Management with Stochastic Inflation and Stochastic Volatility by : Yumo Zhang
Download or read book Non-zero-sum Stochastic Differential Games for Asset-liability Management with Stochastic Inflation and Stochastic Volatility written by Yumo Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the optimal asset-liability management problems for two managers subject to relative performance concerns in the presence of stochastic inflation and stochastic volatility. The objective of the two managers is to maximize the expected utility of their relative terminal surplus with respect to that of their competitor. The problem of finding the optimal investment strategies for both managers is modelled as a non-zero-sum stochastic differential game. Both managers have access to a financial market consisting of a risk-free asset, a risky asset, and an inflation-linked index bond. The risky asset's price process and uncontrollable random liabilities are not only affected by the inflation risk but also driven by a general class of stochastic volatility models including the constant elasticity of variance model, the family of state-of-the-art 4/2 models, and some path-dependent models as particular cases. By adopting a backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) approach to overcome the possibly non-Markovian setting, closed-form expressions for the equilibrium investment strategies and corresponding value functions are derived under power and exponential utility preferences. Moreover, explicit solutions to some special cases of our model are provided. Finally, we perform numerical studies to illustrate the impact of model parameters on the equilibrium strategies and draw some economic interpretations.
Book Synopsis Time-Consistent Investment and Reinsurance Strategies for Insurers Under Multi-Period Mean-Variance Formulation with Generalized Correlated Returns by : Zhongbao Zhou
Download or read book Time-Consistent Investment and Reinsurance Strategies for Insurers Under Multi-Period Mean-Variance Formulation with Generalized Correlated Returns written by Zhongbao Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existing literature on investment and reinsurance is limited to the study of continuous-time problems, while discrete-time problems are always ignored by researchers. In this study, we first discuss a multi-period investment and reinsurance optimization problem under the classical mean-variance framework. When the asset returns with a serially correlated structure, the time-consistent investment and reinsurance strategies are acquired via backward induction. In addition, we propose an alternative time-consistent mean-variance optimization model that contrasts with the classical mean-variance model, and the corresponding optimal strategy and value function are also derived. We find that the investment and reinsurance strategies are both independent of the current wealth for the above two optimization problems, which coincides with the conclusion presented in the continuous-time problems. Most importantly, the above investment strategies with serially correlated structures are both conditional mean-based strategies, rather than unconditional ones. Finally, we compare the investment and reinsurance strategies suggested above based on the simulation approach, to shed light on which investment-reinsurance strategies are more suitable for insurers.
Book Synopsis Time-Consistent Investment-Reinsurance Strategy for Mean-Variance Insurers With a Defaultable Security by : Hui Zhao
Download or read book Time-Consistent Investment-Reinsurance Strategy for Mean-Variance Insurers With a Defaultable Security written by Hui Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper considers an optimal investment and reinsurance problem involving a defaultable security for an insurer under the mean-variance criterion in a jump-diffusion risk model. The insurer is allowed to purchase proportional reinsurance or acquire new business and invest in a financial market consisting of a risk-free bank account, a stock and a defaultable bond. From a game theoretic perspective, the extended Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman systems are established for the post-default case and the pre-default case, respectively. Furthermore, for the two cases, closed-form expressions for the optimal time-consistent investment-reinsurance strategies and the corresponding optimal value functions are derived, and some properties of the strategies are analyzed. Finally, some special cases of our model are presented, and numerical analysis is provided to illustrate our results.
Book Synopsis Time-Consistent Mean-Variance Reinsurance-Investment Problems Under Unbounded Random Parameters by : Bingyan Han
Download or read book Time-Consistent Mean-Variance Reinsurance-Investment Problems Under Unbounded Random Parameters written by Bingyan Han and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To strike the best balance between insurance risk and profit, insurers transfer insurable risk through reinsurance and enhance yield by participating into the financial market. The long-term commitment of insurance contracts makes insurers necessary to consider time-consistent (TC) reinsurance-investment policies. Using the open-loop TC mean-variance (MV) reinsurance-investment framework, we investigate the equilibrium reinsurance-investment problems for the financial market with unbounded random coefficients or, specifically, an unbounded risk premium. We characterize the problem via a backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) framework. An explicit solution to the equilibrium strategies is derived for a constant risk aversion under a general class of stochastic models, embracing the constant elasticity of variance (CEV) and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) processes as special cases. For state-dependent risk aversions, the problem is related to the existence of a solution to a quadratic BSDE with unbounded parameters. A semi-closed form solution is derived, up to the solution to a nonlinear partial differential equation. By examining properties of the equilibrium strategies numerically, we find that the reinsurance decision is greatly affected by the market situation under the state-dependent risk aversion case. We prove the uniqueness of equilibrium strategies for both cases.
Book Synopsis Bond Portfolio Optimization by : Michael Puhle
Download or read book Bond Portfolio Optimization written by Michael Puhle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book analyzes how modern portfolio theory and dynamic term structure models can be applied to government bond portfolio optimization problems. The author studies the necessary adjustments, examines the models with regard to the plausibility of their results and compares the outcomes to portfolio selection techniques used by practitioners. Both single-period and continuous-time bond portfolio optimization problems are considered.
Book Synopsis Robust Investment-Reinsurance Optimization with Multiscale Stochastic Volatility by : Chi Seng Pun
Download or read book Robust Investment-Reinsurance Optimization with Multiscale Stochastic Volatility written by Chi Seng Pun and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the investment and reinsurance problem in the presence of stochastic volatility for an ambiguity-averse insurer (AAI) with a general concave utility function. The AAI concerns about model uncertainty and seeks for an optimal robust decision. We consider a Brownian motion with drift for the surplus of the AAI who invests in a risky asset following a multiscale stochastic volatility (SV) model. We formulate the robust optimal investment and reinsurance problem for a general class of utility functions under a general SV model. Applying perturbation techniques to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs (HJBI) equation associated with our problem, we derive an investment-reinsurance strategy that well approximates the optimal strategy of the robust optimization problem under a multiscale SV model. We also provide a practical strategy that requires no tracking of volatility factors. Numerical study is conducted to demonstrate the practical use of theoretical results and to draw economic interpretations from the robust decision rules.
