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Determining The Effectiveness Of Pavement Marking Materials
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Book Synopsis Determining the Effectiveness of Pavement Marking Materials by : Benjamin H. Cottrell
Download or read book Determining the Effectiveness of Pavement Marking Materials written by Benjamin H. Cottrell and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this research was to determine the safety, motorist opinion, and cost-effectiveness of pavement marking materials used by the Virginia Department of Transportation and to develop guidelines, where possible, as to when each type of material should be used. Interstate and primary road segments that had been remarked with a different type of pavement marking material were identified to perform a before-and-after accident analysis. When possible, segments that were remarked using the same pavement marking material were included to provide comparison sections. The number of sites and accident count data were insufficient to support a finding that the use of a particular pavement marking material reduces the number of target accidents. The results of a motorist survey indicated that the participating drivers were more satisfied with pavement markings with higher retroreflectivity values than those with lower values. Participating drivers over the age of 65 were generally less satisfied with the brightness of the pavement markings than were participating drivers under the age of 65. Using a large contract for paint was the most cost-effective for two-lane roads under most volume conditions and four- and six-lane low-volume roads. Using polyurea and a large contract for paint were the most cost-effective for high-volume two- and four-lane roads. Polyurea and waffle tape were the more cost-effective durable markings for high-volume six-lane roads. Changes in the use of pavement markings were recommended. Specifically, the Virginia Department of Transportation should (1) consider increasing the use of large paint contracts and minimizing its use of small paint contracts when possible; (2) consider a performance-based specification for durable markings; (3) continue consideration of a holistic approach for pavement management and markings, and (4) re-evaluate its pavement marking policy and include the recommendations of this study.
Book Synopsis Pavement Marking Materials by : Anthony L. Andrady
Download or read book Pavement Marking Materials written by Anthony L. Andrady and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1997 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Durability and Retro-Reflectivity of Pavement Markings (Synthesis Study) by : Yi Jiang
Download or read book Durability and Retro-Reflectivity of Pavement Markings (Synthesis Study) written by Yi Jiang and published by Purdue University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-01 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waterborne paints are used to paint pavement markings (edgelines and centerlines) to provide guidance for motorists. The painted markings need to be repainted periodically as their retro-reflectivity deteriorates. The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) repaints pavement markings at least annually. INDOT engineers would like to determine the feasibility of extending the time intervals of repainting pavement markings on at least some types of roadways. The purpose of this synthesis study is to accomplish the following: (1) to locate and assemble documented information on pavement marking durability; (2) to learn what criteria have been used in other states in measuring retro-reflectivity and scheduling pavement marking painting; (3) to determine the necessity of conducting full scale study on INDOT pavement markings; (4) to identify the type and cost of equipment required for retro-reflectivity measurements and conditions of operation of the equipment; (5) to organize, evaluate, and document the useful information that is acquired; and (6) to provide recommendations based on the evaluated information. This report presents the findings of the synthesis study on various pavement marking materials. It was found in this study that many state highway agencies have evaluated several types of pavement marking materials. The evaluation results include performance, cost, service life, and retro-reflectivity measuring equipment of marking materials. However, the results could vary from different sates. The information gathered through this study will provide INDOT engineers the state-of-practice of pavement marking materials in this country.
Book Synopsis Effective Removal of Pavement Markings by : Adam Matthew Pike
Download or read book Effective Removal of Pavement Markings written by Adam Matthew Pike and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2013 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 759: Effective Removal of Pavement Markings aids in the selection of safe, cost-effective, and environmentally acceptable practices for the removal of work zone and permanent pavement markings. The practices highlighted in this report emphasize minimal damage to the underlying pavement or visible character of the surface course." -- Publisher's description
Book Synopsis Pavement Marking Performance Analysis by :
Download or read book Pavement Marking Performance Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research evaluated pavement marking performance and developed useful degradation models for thermoplastic and paint pavement markings which can help North Carolina meet the pending FHWA minimum retroreflectivity requirements. The impacts of several important factors (such as lateral location, directionality, region, and pavement roughness) on pavement marking retroreflectivity were evaluated. With two large datasets in hand, the authors determined whether these factors had significant impacts on marking retroreflectivity. Image processing techniques were used to analyze pavement marking surface glass bead density. The authors were able to explain why paint marking retroreflectivity values degraded over time by evaluating the impact of bead density on paint marking retroreflectivity. The research reviewed existing marking retroreflectivity degradation models and developed useful new models for both thermoplastic and paint pavement markings in North Carolina. The research presented a transportation asset management system framework for estimating the current and future condition of pavement markings. The research outcomes enable the North Carolina Department of Transportation to have a better understanding of thermoplastic and paint pavement marking performance, which can lead to cost saving by maximizing pavement marking service lifecycles.
Book Synopsis Long-term Pavement Marking Practices by : James Migletz
Download or read book Long-term Pavement Marking Practices written by James Migletz and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2002 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 306: Long-Term Pavement Marking Practices documents the current and best practices for managing pavement marking systems, identifies future needs, and addresses driver needs and methods of communicating information to drivers, selection criteria (e.g., reflectivity, pavement service life, wet weather performance), materials (e.g., color, durability, cost), specifications, construction practices, inventory management systems, and more.
Book Synopsis Determining the Longevity and Service Life of Pavement Marking Materials by :
Download or read book Determining the Longevity and Service Life of Pavement Marking Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Uniform Vehicle Code and Model Traffic Ordinance by : National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances
Download or read book Uniform Vehicle Code and Model Traffic Ordinance written by National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Performance of Permanent Pavement Markings and Retro Reflectors in Snowplowable Raised Pavement Markers by : Neville A. Parker
Download or read book Evaluation of the Performance of Permanent Pavement Markings and Retro Reflectors in Snowplowable Raised Pavement Markers written by Neville A. Parker and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pavement Marking Warranty Specifications by : Michael J. Markow
Download or read book Pavement Marking Warranty Specifications written by Michael J. Markow and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2010 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 408: Pavement Marking Warranty Specifications presents information on the use of pavement marking warranties by United States and Canadian transportation agencies, including agency specifications. European experience is also included in the report for comparison purposes. Appendices D and E for NCHRP Synthesis 408 are available online--
Book Synopsis Materials Acceptance Risk Analysis by : H. Sadid
Download or read book Materials Acceptance Risk Analysis written by H. Sadid and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study involves examination of pavement markers as requested by the Idaho Transportation Department (ITD). A comprehensive literature review of various types of pavement markings and markers used by different transportation departments was performed to identify the most cost effective markings based on performance, durability, and useful life expectancy. This study revealed that there were no conclusive findings and recommendations by different investigations and field studies for various types of pavement markings. The performance characteristics of pavement markings and their effectiveness in guiding roadway users depend on many factors including but not limited to: product quality, application process, surface preparation, environmental conditions, annual average daily traffic (AADT), driver's age and visual performance, vehicle type, type of headlights, and pavement type. In addition, the results of field studies conducted by different investigators show that the conclusions were highly dependent upon the method of studies, the study models used, the type of measurement devices, and the accuracy of their operation. However, some investigators and transportation departments are in agreement on certain issues including: the performance characteristics, life expectancy, and the associate cost. The most cost effective pavement marking identified and utilized by different transportation departments on low level traffic volume is paint followed by epoxy. Tape is commonly used on high volume AADT roadways by different agencies. Ninety-eight percent of pavement markings used in Idaho are paint with the other two percent consisting of tape or other types including Methyl Methacrylate (MMA). The Idaho Transportation Department's current practice in using pavement markings is the most cost effective. ITD is in line with many other transportation departments throughout the country that deal with similar climate conditions.
Book Synopsis Development of Improved Pavement Marking Materials by : John M. Dale
Download or read book Development of Improved Pavement Marking Materials written by John M. Dale and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laboratory tests and field studies were conducted on the performance characteristics of conventional pavement marking materials currently in use. A discussion was presented of their shortcomings and studies conducted on the physical nature of reflective materials, with particular emphasis on performance characteristics under various types of water films. A new pavement marking was designed and tested with encouraging results. A systematic approach for the design of a pavement marking system has been developed wherein one qualifies the surface to be marked, determines the water film thickness to be encountered, and then selects one of the several marking systems that will perform under the imposed conditions.
Book Synopsis Predicting the Initial Retroreflectivity of Pavement Markings from Glass Bead Quality by : Omar Smadi
Download or read book Predicting the Initial Retroreflectivity of Pavement Markings from Glass Bead Quality written by Omar Smadi and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2013 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report describes a laboratory test method to predict the initial retroreflectivity of pavement markings in the field based on the quality of the applied glass beads.
Book Synopsis Report of First Year Field Performance & Laboratory Test Results of Pavement Marking Materials by :
Download or read book Report of First Year Field Performance & Laboratory Test Results of Pavement Marking Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Permanent Concrete Pavement Markings by : David Darwin
Download or read book Permanent Concrete Pavement Markings written by David Darwin and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The visibility, durability, and cost-effectiveness of surface pavement markings and previous experience with permanent concrete paving markings (PCPM) (markings with a service life similar to that of the pavement) are described. The use of durable materials, such as thermoplastics, polyesters, and epoxies, improves the service life of surface markings. However, these marking materials still exhibit problems of adhesion to pavement and rapid wear in high traffic areas. Snow removal procedures significantly reduce marking service life. Wet nighttime visibility is a continuing problem with surface markings. Previous attempts at developing PCPM have produced systems with very good durability, but poor nighttime visibility. The potential for developing cost-effective PCPM systems that can provide both long-term durability and adequate visibility throughout the service life and the requirements for such systems are discussed. Polymers, such as epoxies, can provide superior durability and adhesion to pavement. The application of larger than standard size glass beads can improve wet nighttime visibility. The cost of PCPM systems can be significantly reduced using effective methods of placing grooves in which the marking material is placed. Generally, there is a good probability that a cost-effective PCPM system with satisfactory durability and visibility can be developed. The PCPM systems with thicknesses of 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) or less will be cost-effective for a 20-year service life, and the systems with thicknesses of 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) or less will be cost-effective for a 10-year service life.
Book Synopsis Pavement Marking Visibility Requirements During Wet Night Conditions by : Ronald Bruce Gibbons
Download or read book Pavement Marking Visibility Requirements During Wet Night Conditions written by Ronald Bruce Gibbons and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated the performance of pavement markings in wet night conditions. Typically, performance will decrease in wet conditions. The degradation is a result of flooding of the marking optics and a change in the optical media, thereby reducing retroreflectivity and the visibility distance. Several technologies are available to improve the visibility of markings under wet conditions. This study used four technologies and evaluated them in a dynamic situation. In the experiment, vehicles were driven by older participants and visibility was measured based on the detection distances of the beginning or ending of a continuous edge marking. The results indicate that a specifically designed wet retroreflective tape performed better than the currently used paint and glass bead technology. Paint with large glass beads and profiled thermoplastics also showed an improvement over the standard paint and glass bead technology. A relationship between retroreflectivity and the detection distance was found, which was used to postulate a minimum required value for visibility during wet night conditions. A value of 200 mcd/m2/lx appears to provide a reasonable detection distance for a minimum performance requirement.
Book Synopsis Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures by : George Deodatis
Download or read book Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures written by George Deodatis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures contains the plenary lectures and papers presented at the 11th International Conference on STRUCTURAL SAFETY AND RELIABILITY (ICOSSAR2013, New York, NY, USA, 16-20 June 2013), and covers major aspects of safety, reliability, risk and life-cycle performance of str
