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Determinants Of Police Behavior
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Book Synopsis Determinants of Police Behavior by : Daniel Cruse
Download or read book Determinants of Police Behavior written by Daniel Cruse and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methodology for analyzing police behavior, specifically, the interrelationship of variables which affect police patrol performance. It has been suggested that a major determinant of the outcome of a police-citizen street contact is the physical and psychological condition of the officer at the time of the contact. As a preliminary step in testing this hypothesis, a pilot research project was conducted in Miami, Florida. This report discusses a methodology for analyzing police behavior and examines the interrelationship of variables which effect police patrol performance. Four Miami patrolmen were trained in behavioral observation techniques and a volunteer group of twelve radio - patrolmen to be observed was selected. The researchers developed a checklist to record police citizen interactions and constructed fatigue and stress scales to rate police performance. Among the behavioral determinants investigated, length of experience on the force - (for better or for worse) stood out as an influential factor. Other factors likely to affect police behavior were found to be the type of a call, the neighborhood, the shift, the day of the week, and number of citizens involved. Emphasizing the importance of the process of identification, the authors recommend that experienced officers should be selected for training men during the cadet probationary period. While this study is a novel approach to measuring police and contains some interesting results on the variable factors studied, the results might have been more meaningful if a larger sample had been used. The study did not clearly demonstrate the advantages of using police observers to record police behavior and did not specifically suggest means for measuring personality, stress of fatigue in a future study.
Book Synopsis Determinants of Police Behavior by : Daniel Cruse
Download or read book Determinants of Police Behavior written by Daniel Cruse and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methodology for analyzing police behavior, specifically, the interrelationship of variables which affect police patrol performance. It has been suggested that a major determinant of the outcome of a police-citizen street contact is the physical and psychological condition of the officer at the time of the contact. As a preliminary step in testing this hypothesis, a pilot research project was conducted in Miami, Florida. This report discusses a methodology for analyzing police behavior and examines the interrelationship of variables which effect police patrol performance. Four Miami patrolmen were trained in behavioral observation techniques and a volunteer group of twelve radio - patrolmen to be observed was selected. The researchers developed a checklist to record police citizen interactions and constructed fatigue and stress scales to rate police performance. Among the behavioral determinants investigated, length of experience on the force - (for better or for worse) stood out as an influential factor. Other factors likely to affect police behavior were found to be the type of a call, the neighborhood, the shift, the day of the week, and number of citizens involved. Emphasizing the importance of the process of identification, the authors recommend that experienced officers should be selected for training men during the cadet probationary period. While this study is a novel approach to measuring police and contains some interesting results on the variable factors studied, the results might have been more meaningful if a larger sample had been used. The study did not clearly demonstrate the advantages of using police observers to record police behavior and did not specifically suggest means for measuring personality, stress of fatigue in a future study.
Book Synopsis Determinants of Police Behavior by : Daniel Cruse
Download or read book Determinants of Police Behavior written by Daniel Cruse and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determinants of Police Behavior by : Daniel Cruse
Download or read book Determinants of Police Behavior written by Daniel Cruse and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determinants of Police Behavior by : Daniel Cruse
Download or read book Determinants of Police Behavior written by Daniel Cruse and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Social Psychological Determinants of Police Behavior by : Roger M. Solomon
Download or read book Social Psychological Determinants of Police Behavior written by Roger M. Solomon and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Varieties of Police Behavior by : James Q. WILSON
Download or read book Varieties of Police Behavior written by James Q. WILSON and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The patrolman has the most difficult, complex, and least understood task in the police department. Much less is known of him than of his better publicized colleague, the detective. In this important and timely book, James Q. Wilson describes the patrolman and the problems he faces that arise out of constraints imposed by law, politics, public opinion, and the expectations of superiors. The study considers how the uniformed officer in eight communities deals with such common offenses as assault, theft, drunkenness, vice, traffic, and disorderly conduct. Six of the communities are in New York State: Albany, Amsterdam, Brighton, Nassau County, Newburgh, and Syracuse. The others are Highland Park, Illinois, and Oakland, California. Enforcing laws dealing with common offenses is especially difficult because it raises the question of administrative discretion. Murder, in the eyes of the police, is unambiguously wrong, and murderers are accordingly arrested; but in cases such as street-corner scuffles or speeding motorists, the patrolman must decide whether to intervene (should the scuffle be stopped? should the motorist be pulled over?) and, if he does, just how to intervene (by arrest? a warning? an interrogation?). In most large organizations, the lowest-ranking members perform the more routinized tasks and the means of accomplishing these tasks are decided by superiors, but in a police department the lowest-ranking officer--the patrolman--is almost solely responsible for enforcing those laws which are the least precise, the most ambiguous. Three ways or "styles" of policing--the watchman, the legalistic, and the service styles--are analyzed and their relation to local politics is explored. In the final chapter, Mr. Wilson discusses if and how the patrolman's behavior can be changed and examines some current proposals for reorganizing police departments. He observes that the ability of the patrolman to do his job well may determine our success in managing social conflict and our prospects for maintaining a proper balance between liberty and order. Table of Contents: 1. Introduction 2. THE PATROLMAN The Maintenance of Order Justice as a Constraint Some Organizational Consequences 3. THE POLICE ADMINISTRATOR Managing Discretion Critical Events 4. POLICE DISCRETION The Determinants of Discretion The Eight Communities The Uses of Discretion 5. THE WATCHMAN STYLE The Organizational Context Some Consequences 6. THE LEGALISTIC STYLE The Organizational Context Some Consequences 7. THE SERVICE STYLE The Organizational Context Some Consequences 8. POLITICS AND THE POLICE Politics and the Watchman Style Politics and the Service Style Politics and the Legalistic Style Some Findings from National Data 9. CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS Reviews of this book: [This book] is a departure from the traditional treatise...and actually does take a large and long-awaited step toward revitalizing an exciting and important but inexcusably weak area of political science. --The American Political Science Review Reviews of this book: This book "must unquestionably become an indispensable study of politics in the American city. It is based on enormous and detailed research ... The material is presented in a controlled and disciplined no-nonsense style. --New York Review of Books Reviews of this book: This is surely one of the most informative books about the police ever written .... Varieties of Police Behavior is a rich, sophisticated book by an author unusually able to tackle the comprehensiveness and interdependence of the issues which affect police performance, and his analysis and conclusions have much to teach. --Times Literary Supplement It is, without doubt, the finest book on the American police ever written, and Professor Wilson is one of our best-known scholars of urban affairs...Rich...full to the brim with increasing details and shrewd insight. Anyone who wants to have an informed opinion about the policeman's relations to law and order ought to read it. --Irving Kristol
Book Synopsis Determinants of Police Orientations and Their Impact on Discretionary Police Behavior by : Laure Weber Brooks
Download or read book Determinants of Police Orientations and Their Impact on Discretionary Police Behavior written by Laure Weber Brooks and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determinants of Law-enforcement Policies by : Fred A. Meyer
Download or read book Determinants of Law-enforcement Policies written by Fred A. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Encyclopedia of Police Science by : Jack R. Greene
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Police Science written by Jack R. Greene and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2007 with total page 1575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1996, this work covers all the major sectors of policing in the United States. Political events such as the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, have created new policing needs while affecting public opinion about law enforcement. This third edition of the "Encyclopedia" examines the theoretical and practical aspects of law enforcement, discussing past and present practices.
Book Synopsis The Political Culture as a Determinant of Police Behavior in a Suburban Community by : Michael Louis Powell
Download or read book The Political Culture as a Determinant of Police Behavior in a Suburban Community written by Michael Louis Powell and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing by : National Research Council
Download or read book Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-04-06 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because police are the most visible face of government power for most citizens, they are expected to deal effectively with crime and disorder and to be impartial. Producing justice through the fair, and restrained use of their authority. The standards by which the public judges police success have become more exacting and challenging. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing explores police work in the new century. It replaces myths with research findings and provides recommendations for updated policy and practices to guide it. The book provides answers to the most basic questions: What do police do? It reviews how police work is organized, explores the expanding responsibilities of police, examines the increasing diversity among police employees, and discusses the complex interactions between officers and citizens. It also addresses such topics as community policing, use of force, racial profiling, and evaluates the success of common police techniques, such as focusing on crime "hot spots." It goes on to look at the issue of legitimacyâ€"how the public gets information about police work, and how police are viewed by different groups, and how police can gain community trust. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing will be important to anyone concerned about police work: policy makers, administrators, educators, police supervisors and officers, journalists, and interested citizens.
Book Synopsis Police Behavior by : Richard J. Lundman
Download or read book Police Behavior written by Richard J. Lundman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1980 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This course-oriented anthology of eighteen studies of police behavior provides a representative sample of the newest research. Illustrating the environmental or organizational roots of police conduct and misconduct, the selections present a coherent theory of police behavior and dispute the conventional wisdom of its origins.
Book Synopsis Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing by : National Research Council
Download or read book Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-05-06 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because police are the most visible face of government power for most citizens, they are expected to deal effectively with crime and disorder and to be impartial. Producing justice through the fair, and restrained use of their authority. The standards by which the public judges police success have become more exacting and challenging. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing explores police work in the new century. It replaces myths with research findings and provides recommendations for updated policy and practices to guide it. The book provides answers to the most basic questions: What do police do? It reviews how police work is organized, explores the expanding responsibilities of police, examines the increasing diversity among police employees, and discusses the complex interactions between officers and citizens. It also addresses such topics as community policing, use of force, racial profiling, and evaluates the success of common police techniques, such as focusing on crime "hot spots." It goes on to look at the issue of legitimacyâ€"how the public gets information about police work, and how police are viewed by different groups, and how police can gain community trust. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing will be important to anyone concerned about police work: policy makers, administrators, educators, police supervisors and officers, journalists, and interested citizens.
Book Synopsis The Idea of Police by : Carl B. Klockars
Download or read book The Idea of Police written by Carl B. Klockars and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 1985 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the best way to define the police? Why do we have police at all? In modern democracies like the United States and Great Britain, why is most policing done by employees of the state? What is the relationship between police and the law? What makes a good police officer? In addressing these questions, Klockars makes the reader look at the idea of police from a new perspective. First he explains how any definition of police must include the reality of coercive force--the fact that police officers everywhere have the right to "forcibly compel other people to do something." Next he describes the evolution of the police in the United States vis-a-vis the police in Great Britain. After exploring the role of the detective, he highlights the moral conflicts and issues of discretion that police officers face daily. Finally, Klockars examines what makes a good police officer. "An informative introductory resource. . . may prove valuable even to graduate students." --The Social Science Journal
Book Synopsis Factors that Affect Perceptions of Improper Police Behavior by : Rachael A. Gossett
Download or read book Factors that Affect Perceptions of Improper Police Behavior written by Rachael A. Gossett and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable scholarly attention has been devoted to examining factors that impact individual perceptions of improper police behavior. However, no one has unpacked specific explanations described by individuals to determine what people mean when they say that the police acted improperly towards them following an encounter. This dissertation uses the 2005 Police-Public Contact Survey (PPCS 2005) to examine the effects of the following factors on overall perceptions of improper police behavior, as well as by explanation type: prior contact, age, social class, gender, race/ethnicity, and intersections of gender and race/ethnicity. I test Turk (1969) and Blumer's (1958) theories that individual positions in social stratification hierarchies influence perceptions of the police, along with Tyler's (2001) conception of procedural justice, or perceived fairness of the encounter, as a key factor that determines individual perceptions of police behavior. Findings support the centrality of Turk (1969) and Blumer's (1958) theory to perceptions of improper police behavior, especially with regard to race/ethnicity. Treatment throughout the encounter is also highlighted a key factor that influences individual perceptions of the police (Tyler 2001).
Book Synopsis Officer Behavior in Police-citizen Encounters by : Karen L. Amendola
Download or read book Officer Behavior in Police-citizen Encounters written by Karen L. Amendola and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decision by a police officer to use lethal or less than lethal force in encounters with citizens is an issue of grave concern to police agencies, officers, and the community, and virtually all police-citizen encounters are dynamic situations influenced by a range of factors. A descriptive model is proposed to explain major factors and specific variables that affect the need to use or likelihood of using force. The model depicts a police officer's behavior as the culmination of various influences and actions of others. Model components include antecedent events, traits and behaviors of parties, situational information and characteristics, police officer characteristics, available options, constraints and facilitative factors, and situational outcomes. The model can be used as a framework to organize findings from existing literature and interpreting their meaning. Given the increasingly litigious nature of police-citizen encounters, police officers must consider legalities and political ramifications of a selected action and make decisions accordingly. Perhaps the most critical consideration for a police officer in determining which behavior to select is his or her perception of whether the behavior may be questioned and who will support it. 16 references and 1 figure.
